在 Oracle 11gR1 中，如何在 where between timestamp 子句之外包含带时间戳的值

Question

（给定此数据库 SQL Fiddle）

如何 select 在下面的查询中我的 where between 子句之外的前一个 VALUE？

如果可能的话，它将消除我在 VBA excel ADODB 宏中查找此值所需的其他查询。由于我目前循环扩展我的 "WHERE BETWEEN TIMESTAMP and TIMESTAMP" 搜索，直到找到之前的时间戳值。

如果我在第一个间隔开始时没有真正的 VALUE，则最终 select 语句中的时间加权平均值 (TWA) 将不准确。（中间的所有其他间隔都可以并且查询运行良好）。推送到我的 Oracle 11GR1 实例的数据是随机的，这根本不知道，因为可能存在很大的差距。因此，一个值不会在数小时、数天、数月甚至数年内出现。

 -- Lets Begin the Query
 WITH INPUTS AS ( 
    SELECT RECNM, 
          TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ ( '15-01-01 00:10:00 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES','RR-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS TZR' ) AS START_TIME,
          TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ ( '15-01-01 00:30:59 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES','RR-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS TZR' ) AS END_TIME
    FROM POINTS
  WHERE ACRONYM = 'WELL32-PSI'  
) ,
ALL_INTERVALS AS ( 
    SELECT RECNM,
         START_TIME + NUMTODSINTERVAL ( ( LEVEL-1 ) , 'MINUTE' ) AS TIME
    FROM INPUTS
    CONNECT BY
    LEVEL-1 <=
               EXTRACT ( DAY FROM END_TIME - START_TIME ) * 24 * 60 +
               EXTRACT ( HOUR FROM END_TIME - START_TIME ) * 60 +
               EXTRACT ( MINUTE FROM END_TIME - START_TIME )
) ,
ALL_TIMES AS ( 
    SELECT 
       TIME, 
       VALUE, 
       1 AS HAS_VALUE
    FROM HST H
    INNER JOIN INPUTS I
        ON ( H.RECNM = I.RECNM
        AND H.TIME BETWEEN CAST ( I.START_TIME AS TIMESTAMP ) 
        AND  CAST ( I.END_TIME AS TIMESTAMP ) ) 
    UNION ALL
    SELECT 
       TIME, 
       NULL, 
       0
    FROM ALL_INTERVALS
    ORDER BY TIME,1, 2 NULLS FIRST 
) ,
LEAD_LAG_TIMES AS ( 
    SELECT 
         TIME,
         LAST_VALUE ( VALUE IGNORE NULLS ) OVER ( ORDER BY TIME ASC, VALUE ASC ) AS VALUE,
         24 * 60 * 60 * EXTRACT ( DAY FROM LEAD ( TIME ) OVER ( ORDER BY TIME ASC,VALUE ASC ) -TIME ) +
              60 * 60 * EXTRACT ( HOUR FROM LEAD ( TIME ) OVER ( ORDER BY TIME ASC,VALUE ASC ) -TIME ) +
                   60 * EXTRACT ( MINUTE FROM LEAD ( TIME ) OVER ( ORDER BY TIME ASC,VALUE ASC ) -TIME ) + 
                        EXTRACT ( SECOND FROM LEAD ( TIME ) OVER ( ORDER BY TIME ASC,VALUE ASC ) -TIME ) AS DURATION
    FROM ALL_TIMES 
) 
SELECT CAST ( TRUNC ( TIME,'MI' ) AS TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE ) AS TIME,
    SUM ( VALUE * DURATION ) / SUM ( DURATION ) AS TWA,
    SUM ( DURATION ) AS TOTAL_DURATION 
FROM LEAD_LAG_TIMES
GROUP BY CAST ( TRUNC ( TIME,'MI' ) AS TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE ) 
ORDER BY TIME ASC

例子

 2015-01-01 00:00:00 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     63.3
 2015-01-01 00:00:08 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     63.7
 2015-01-01 00:00:17 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     64.6
 2015-01-01 00:00:28 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     66.3
 2015-01-01 00:00:45 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     66.8
 2015-01-01 00:00:55 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     67.5
 2015-01-01 00:01:11 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     67.0
 2015-01-01 00:01:30 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     67.4
 2015-01-01 00:01:40 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     67.9
 2015-01-01 00:01:50 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     68.7
 2015-01-01 00:02:01 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     68.2
 2015-01-01 00:02:11 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     67.1
 2015-01-01 00:02:21 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     66.5
 2015-01-01 00:02:31 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     65.5
 2015-01-01 00:02:46 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     65.0
 2015-01-01 00:02:59 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     64.6
 2015-01-01 00:03:15 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     64.1
 2015-01-01 00:03:25 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     63.2
 2015-01-01 00:03:35 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     62.7
 2015-01-01 00:04:05 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     62.2
 2015-01-01 00:04:32 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     61.8
 2015-01-01 00:05:40 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     61.3
 2015-01-01 00:05:55 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     60.8-----Not Included in where between but this value is needed
 2015-01-01 00:10:20 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     60.3--------- Included in where between
 2015-01-01 00:10:38 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     60.9
 2015-01-01 00:10:48 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     61.3
 2015-01-01 00:10:58 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     61.8
 2015-01-01 00:11:27 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     62.3
 2015-01-01 00:13:54 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     61.8
 2015-01-01 00:14:10 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     61.4
 2015-01-01 00:14:41 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     60.9
 2015-01-01 00:15:18 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     61.4
 2015-01-01 00:15:51 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     60.9
 2015-01-01 00:16:19 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     60.4
 2015-01-01 00:16:32 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     59.9
 2015-01-01 00:17:04 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     59.4
 2015-01-01 00:17:27 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     59.9
 2015-01-01 00:17:37 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     59.4
 2015-01-01 00:17:58 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     59.0
 2015-01-01 00:18:22 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     59.4
 2015-01-01 00:18:50 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     59.9
 2015-01-01 00:19:00 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     60.3
 2015-01-01 00:19:25 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     60.8
 2015-01-01 00:19:34 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     61.4
 2015-01-01 00:19:45 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     62.1
 2015-01-01 00:19:55 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     62.5
 2015-01-01 00:20:30 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     63.0
 2015-01-01 00:20:51 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     63.5
 2015-01-01 00:21:03 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     63.9
 2015-01-01 00:22:04 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     64.4
 2015-01-01 00:22:28 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     64.8
 2015-01-01 00:23:17 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     64.4
 2015-01-01 00:23:27 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     63.9
 2015-01-01 00:24:31 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     63.4
 2015-01-01 00:26:06 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     63.0
 2015-01-01 00:27:20 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     62.5
 2015-01-01 00:27:30 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     61.9
 2015-01-01 00:28:08 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     62.4
 2015-01-01 00:28:37 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     62.0
 2015-01-01 00:29:21 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     62.5
 2015-01-01 00:29:38 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     62.9
 2015-01-01 00:31:27 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     62.5
 2015-01-01 00:32:01 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     62.0
 2015-01-01 00:32:25 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     62.5
 2015-01-01 00:35:07 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     62.9
 2015-01-01 00:35:56 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     62.5
 2015-01-01 00:36:06 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     62.0
 2015-01-01 00:36:59 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     61.5
 2015-01-01 00:39:31 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     62.0
 2015-01-01 00:40:12 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     61.5
 2015-01-01 00:40:22 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     60.9
 2015-01-01 00:40:35 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     60.5
 2015-01-01 00:40:55 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     60.0
 2015-01-01 00:41:22 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     60.5
 2015-01-01 00:41:46 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     60.1
 2015-01-01 00:42:31 AMERICA/LOS_ANGELES     60.6

Answer 1

不太确定它是否完全符合您的需要，但您可以通过向 ALL_TIMES CTE 添加两个查询来包含经期前后的最后一条记录：

UNION ALL
SELECT
   MAX(H.TIME) KEEP (DENSE_RANK FIRST ORDER BY H.TIME DESC) AS TIME, 
   MAX(H.VALUE) KEEP (DENSE_RANK FIRST ORDER BY H.TIME DESC),
   1
FROM INPUTS I
INNER JOIN HST H
    ON H.TIME < I.START_TIME
UNION ALL
SELECT
   MIN(H.TIME) KEEP (DENSE_RANK FIRST ORDER BY H.TIME) AS TIME, 
   MIN(H.VALUE) KEEP (DENSE_RANK FIRST ORDER BY H.TIME),
   1
FROM INPUTS I
INNER JOIN HST H
    ON H.TIME > I.END_TIME

第一个获取您的范围之前最后一行的时间和值；第二行与范围后的第一行相同。

从你原来的（好吧，稍微调整了一下）查询我得到：

TIME                                          TWA TOTAL_DURATION
------------------------------------------ ------ --------------
01-JAN-15 00.10.00.000000000 EUROPE/LONDON   40.5             60
01-JAN-15 00.11.00.000000000 EUROPE/LONDON   62.1             60
...
01-JAN-15 00.29.00.000000000 EUROPE/LONDON   62.5             60
01-JAN-15 00.30.00.000000000 EUROPE/LONDON

有了这些额外的联合，我得到：

TIME                                          TWA TOTAL_DURATION
------------------------------------------ ------ --------------
01-JAN-15 00.05.00.000000000 EUROPE/LONDON   60.8            245
01-JAN-15 00.10.00.000000000 EUROPE/LONDON   60.8             60
01-JAN-15 00.11.00.000000000 EUROPE/LONDON   62.1             60
...
01-JAN-15 00.29.00.000000000 EUROPE/LONDON   62.5             60
01-JAN-15 00.30.00.000000000 EUROPE/LONDON   62.9             87
01-JAN-15 00.31.00.000000000 EUROPE/LONDON

因为CAST ( TRUNC ( TIME,'MI' ) AS TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE )，我正在看伦敦时报； TRUNC 使它成为日期，显然没有时区信息； CAST 然后将其转换为我的会话时区。（这就是为什么可能冗余的 CAST(... TO TIMEZONE) 对我来说也是一个问题）。如果你总是运行它在目标 TZ 中那么它可能并不重要，但否则你需要做一些操作来保持理智的值。

在 Oracle 11gR1 中，如何在 where between timestamp 子句之外包含带时间戳的值

In Oracle 11gR1 how can i include timestamped values just right outside of an where between timestamp clause

sql

oracle

oracle11g

oracle11gr1