shell 中的 C 无限循环在将命令输入其中后
C Infinite loop in shell after piping commands into it
我目前正在尝试为 class 构建自定义 shell。我能够毫无问题地执行从此 shell 发出的命令,但是如果我将我的命令传递到我的 shell,我最终会陷入无限循环。我不知道为什么会发生这种情况。下面的示例将导致无限循环。
echo "ls" | ./myshell
当然我必须重定向程序的输出,如果命令中出现管道,例如ls | grep test
。在我的 shell 中,这完美无缺。我正在使用 fork()
、execv()
,当然还有 pipe
+ dup
用于在子进程之间重定向流。
好像fgets()
不会从上次发出的命令中清除STDIN_FILENO
。
对于命令 echo "ls" | ./myshell
,我的程序将执行以下操作:(最小工作示例)
编辑:最小工作示例
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int running = 1;
int exit_code = 0;
char cwd[256];
char command[256];
char args[10][256];
char buffer[256] __attribute__((aligned(4096)));
void handle_command(char* buffer, int buffer_size)
{
int c = 0;
int argsCount = -1;
int lastIndex = 0;
for (c = 0; c < buffer_size && buffer[c]; c++)
{
if (argsCount > 10)
{
argsCount = 10;
printf("Argument Count is limited to 10 (no dynamic memory allocation) all other arguments will be ignored\n");
break;
}
if (buffer[c] == '\r' || buffer[c] == '\n' || buffer[c] == ' ')
{
if (argsCount == -1)
{
memcpy(command, buffer + lastIndex, c - lastIndex);
command[c - lastIndex] = 0;
}
else
{
memcpy(args[argsCount], buffer + lastIndex, c - lastIndex);
args[argsCount][c - lastIndex] = 0;
}
argsCount++;
lastIndex = c + 1;
}
}
if (strcmp(command, "exit") == 0)
{
c = 4;
while (buffer[c] == ' ')
c++;
exit_code = atoi(&buffer[c]);
printf("Exiting Shell with exit_code %d\n", exit_code);
running = 0;
}
else if (strcmp(command, "") != 0)
{
// -------------- Add structure to commands --------------------------------
struct command_struct{
char *options[10];
} sub_commands[1];
// Simplified code, there would be a dynamic amount of sub_commands
// and further logic to handle pipes and < > >>
// initialize first command, would work dynamically
sub_commands[0].options[0] = command;
sub_commands[0].options[1] = NULL;
int status;
int pid = fork();
if (pid == 0) {
execvp(sub_commands[0].options[0], sub_commands[0].options);
perror("Error: Reached code after execvp\n");
} else if (pid < 0) {
perror("Cannot fork!\n");
}
wait(&status);
}
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
cwd[0] = '/';
do
{
printf("\n%s %s%s", "SHELL:", cwd, "> ");
fgets(buffer, 255, stdin);
buffer[255] = 0;
handle_command(buffer, 256);
for (size_t a = 0; a < 256; a++)
buffer[a] = 0;
} while (running);
return exit_code;
}
EDIT 我必须指出,此代码的部分内容已在 class.
中给出
如有任何帮助,我们将不胜感激!
OP 代码只会在 running == 0
.
时退出 main()
do
循环
running = 0;
仅在 strcmp(command, "exit") == 0
时出现,并且不清楚通过字符串解析 just "exit"
是否曾经加载到 command
。注意:command
没有在每次 handle_command()
调用时被完全初始化,并且 command
不需要是一个全局变量。
调整代码以在 fgets()
returns NULL
时退出并查看行处理。建议:
do {
printf("\n%s %s%s", "SHELL:", cwd, "> ");
if (fgets(buffer, sizeof buffer, stdin) == NULL) {
break;
}
// lop off potential end-of-line character(s)
buffer[strcspn(buffer,"\r\n")] = '[=10=]';
handle_command(buffer, sizeof buffer);
} while (running);
我目前正在尝试为 class 构建自定义 shell。我能够毫无问题地执行从此 shell 发出的命令,但是如果我将我的命令传递到我的 shell,我最终会陷入无限循环。我不知道为什么会发生这种情况。下面的示例将导致无限循环。
echo "ls" | ./myshell
当然我必须重定向程序的输出,如果命令中出现管道,例如ls | grep test
。在我的 shell 中,这完美无缺。我正在使用 fork()
、execv()
,当然还有 pipe
+ dup
用于在子进程之间重定向流。
好像fgets()
不会从上次发出的命令中清除STDIN_FILENO
。
对于命令 echo "ls" | ./myshell
,我的程序将执行以下操作:(最小工作示例)
编辑:最小工作示例
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int running = 1;
int exit_code = 0;
char cwd[256];
char command[256];
char args[10][256];
char buffer[256] __attribute__((aligned(4096)));
void handle_command(char* buffer, int buffer_size)
{
int c = 0;
int argsCount = -1;
int lastIndex = 0;
for (c = 0; c < buffer_size && buffer[c]; c++)
{
if (argsCount > 10)
{
argsCount = 10;
printf("Argument Count is limited to 10 (no dynamic memory allocation) all other arguments will be ignored\n");
break;
}
if (buffer[c] == '\r' || buffer[c] == '\n' || buffer[c] == ' ')
{
if (argsCount == -1)
{
memcpy(command, buffer + lastIndex, c - lastIndex);
command[c - lastIndex] = 0;
}
else
{
memcpy(args[argsCount], buffer + lastIndex, c - lastIndex);
args[argsCount][c - lastIndex] = 0;
}
argsCount++;
lastIndex = c + 1;
}
}
if (strcmp(command, "exit") == 0)
{
c = 4;
while (buffer[c] == ' ')
c++;
exit_code = atoi(&buffer[c]);
printf("Exiting Shell with exit_code %d\n", exit_code);
running = 0;
}
else if (strcmp(command, "") != 0)
{
// -------------- Add structure to commands --------------------------------
struct command_struct{
char *options[10];
} sub_commands[1];
// Simplified code, there would be a dynamic amount of sub_commands
// and further logic to handle pipes and < > >>
// initialize first command, would work dynamically
sub_commands[0].options[0] = command;
sub_commands[0].options[1] = NULL;
int status;
int pid = fork();
if (pid == 0) {
execvp(sub_commands[0].options[0], sub_commands[0].options);
perror("Error: Reached code after execvp\n");
} else if (pid < 0) {
perror("Cannot fork!\n");
}
wait(&status);
}
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
cwd[0] = '/';
do
{
printf("\n%s %s%s", "SHELL:", cwd, "> ");
fgets(buffer, 255, stdin);
buffer[255] = 0;
handle_command(buffer, 256);
for (size_t a = 0; a < 256; a++)
buffer[a] = 0;
} while (running);
return exit_code;
}
EDIT 我必须指出,此代码的部分内容已在 class.
中给出如有任何帮助,我们将不胜感激!
OP 代码只会在 running == 0
.
main()
do
循环
running = 0;
仅在 strcmp(command, "exit") == 0
时出现,并且不清楚通过字符串解析 just "exit"
是否曾经加载到 command
。注意:command
没有在每次 handle_command()
调用时被完全初始化,并且 command
不需要是一个全局变量。
调整代码以在 fgets()
returns NULL
时退出并查看行处理。建议:
do {
printf("\n%s %s%s", "SHELL:", cwd, "> ");
if (fgets(buffer, sizeof buffer, stdin) == NULL) {
break;
}
// lop off potential end-of-line character(s)
buffer[strcspn(buffer,"\r\n")] = '[=10=]';
handle_command(buffer, sizeof buffer);
} while (running);