为什么 PowerShell 会截断 stderr 上的消息？
Why does PowerShell chops message on stderr?
我正在使用 PowerShell 脚本来控制编译器 (ghdl.exe) 的不同编译步骤。
编译器有 3 种不同的输出格式：
- 无输出且无错误 => $LastExitCode = 0
- 在 stderr 上输出（警告），但没有错误 => $LastExitCode = 0
- stderr 输出（错误），可能还有警告 => $LastExitCode != 0
因为处理 stderr 和 stdout 接缝非常有问题，我使用了这个 Whosebug post 中提供的方法：PowerShell: Manage errors with Invoke-Expression
这是我使用附加消息着色实现的：
function Format-NativeCommandStreams
{ param([Parameter(ValueFromPipeline=$true)]$InputObject)
begin
{ $ErrorRecordFound = $false }
process
{ if (-not $InputObject)
{ Write-Host "Empty" }
elseif ($InputObject -is [System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord])
{ $ErrorRecordFound = $true
$text = $InputObject.ToString()
Write-Host $text -ForegroundColor Gray
$stdErr = $InputObject.TargetObject
if ($stdErr)
{ #Write-Host ("err: type=" + $stdErr.GetType() + " " + $stdErr)
if ($stdErr.Contains("warning"))
{ Write-Host "WARNING: " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Yellow }
else
{ Write-Host "ERROR: " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Red }
Write-Host $stdErr
}
}
else
{ $stdOut = $InputObject
if ($stdOut.Contains("warning"))
{ Write-Host "WARNING: " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Yellow }
else
{ Write-Host "ERROR: " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Red }
Write-Host $stdOut
}
}
end
{ $ErrorRecordFound }
}
用法：
$Options = @(.....)
$Expr = "ghdl.exe -a " + ($Options -join " ") + " " + $File + " 2>&1"
$ret = Invoke-Expression $Expr | Format-NativeCommandStreams
通常情况下，编译器每行发出一条消息（错误或警告）。如下面的屏幕截图所示，一些消息被分成多达 8 行。这就是为什么我的输出着色没有按预期工作的原因。更多的行被检测为错误（误报），所以我在日志中找不到真正的错误。
（可点击）
示例：
C:\Altera.0\quartus\eda\sim_lib\altera_mf.vhd:
39963:
53
:
warning:
universal integer bound must be numeric literal or attribute
C:\Altera.0\quartus\eda\sim_lib\altera_mf.vhd
:41794:36:warning: universal integer bound must be numeric literal or attribute
预期结果：
C:\Altera.0\quartus\eda\sim_lib\altera_mf.vhd:39963:53:warning: universal integer bound must be numeric literal or attribute
C:\Altera.0\quartus\eda\sim_lib\altera_mf.vhd:41794:36:warning: universal integer bound must be numeric literal or attribute
据我所知，编译器 (ghdl.exe) 确实以整行形式发出消息。
问题：
- 为什么会这样？
- 谁能解决这个问题？
您可以进行一些调试来解决这个问题。我建议从这样的事情开始：
ghdl.exe <whatever args you supply> 2>&1 | set-variable ghdlOutput
$i = 0
$ghdlOutput | % {write-host "$i `t: " $_.gettype() "`t" $_ ; $i++}
这将列出行号、输出行的类型以及输出的每个活。您可能需要对代码进行一些调整以使输出看起来正常。
从那里您可以看到编译器是否真的将错误分成多行。如果是，您可以尝试设计一种策略来确定哪些行是标准输出，哪些是标准错误。如果没有，那么您将获得一些调试上面脚本的线索。
或者可以打包整个方法并使用 .NET system.diagnostics.process class 并将 stdout 和 stderr 重定向为单独的流。使用采用 ProcessStartInfo 的 Start 方法。如果需要，您应该能够 google 执行此操作的示例。
解决方案
可执行文件 stderr 上的完整输出简单地拆分为多个 System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord 类型的对象。实际的拆分似乎是不确定的 (*)。此外，部分字符串存储在 属性 Exception 而不是 TargetObject 中。只有第一个 ErrorRecord 有一个非空的 TargetObject。也就是说，为什么包含字符串 "warning" 的后续输出行没有设置为黄色和白色格式，如下所示：
:41794:36:warning: universal integer bound must be numeric literal or attribute
您的灰色输出来自每个 ErrorRecord 的 toString() 方法，其中 returns 这条记录的 属性 Exception.Message 的值。
所以在格式化之前必须将所有消息连接在一起以获得整个输出。这些消息中保留换行符。
EDIT: (*) 这取决于 write/flush 调用程序相对于 Powershell 读取调用的顺序。如果在我下面的测试程序中每个 fprintf() 之后添加一个 fflush(stderr)，将会有更多的 ErrorRecord 对象。除了第一个似乎是确定性的，其中一些包含 2 条输出线，一些包含 3 条。
我的测试平台
我没有使用 GHDL，而是从一个新的 Visual Studio 项目开始，并使用以下代码创建了一个控制台应用程序 (HelloWorldEx)。它只是在 stderr
上打印出很多带编号的行
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <stdio.h>
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
// Print some warning messages on stderr
for(int i=0; i<70; i++) {
fprintf(stderr, "warning:%070d\n", i); // 80 bytes per line including CR+LF
}
return 0; // exit code is not relevant
}
然后我编译程序并在 Powershell 中执行它：
（编辑：从我自己的脚本中删除了调试代码）
.\HelloWorldEx.exe 2>&1 | set-variable Output
$i = 0
$Output | % {
Write-Host ("--- " + $i + ": " + $_.GetType() + " ------------------------")
Write-Host ($_ | Format-List -Force | Out-String)
$i++
}
这是脚本的输出。如您所见，我的程序的输出分为 3 ErrorRecords（实际可能不同）：
--- 0: System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord ------------------------
writeErrorStream : True
Exception : System.Management.Automation.RemoteException: warning:00000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000
TargetObject : warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (warning:0000000...000000000000000:String) [], RemoteException
FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandError
ErrorDetails :
InvocationInfo : System.Management.Automation.InvocationInfo
PipelineIterationInfo : {0, 0, 0}
PSMessageDetails :
--- 1: System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord ------------------------
writeErrorStream : True
Exception : System.Management.Automation.RemoteException: warning:00000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000001
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000005
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000006
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000007
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000008
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000009
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000011
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000012
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000013
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000014
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000015
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000016
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000017
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000018
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000019
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000021
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000022
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000023
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000024
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000025
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000026
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000027
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000028
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000029
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000030
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000031
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000032
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000033
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000034
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000035
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000036
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000037
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000038
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000039
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000041
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000042
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000043
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000044
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000045
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000046
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000047
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000048
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000049
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000050
warning:00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
TargetObject :
CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [], RemoteException
FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandErrorMessage
ErrorDetails :
InvocationInfo : System.Management.Automation.InvocationInfo
PipelineIterationInfo : {0, 0, 1}
PSMessageDetails :
--- 2: System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord ------------------------
writeErrorStream : True
Exception : System.Management.Automation.RemoteException: 00000000051
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000052
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000053
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000054
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000055
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000056
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000057
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000058
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000059
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000060
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000061
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000062
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000063
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000064
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000065
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000066
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000067
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000068
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000069
TargetObject :
CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [], RemoteException
FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandErrorMessage
ErrorDetails :
InvocationInfo : System.Management.Automation.InvocationInfo
PipelineIterationInfo : {0, 0, 2}
PSMessageDetails :
为了完整起见，这是我当前的 CommandLets，它将错误消息恢复为一行并根据需要为它们着色：
用法：
$InvokeExpr = "ghdl.exe " + ($Options -join " ") + " --work=unisim " + $File.FullName + " 2>&1"
$ErrorRecordFound = Invoke-Expression $InvokeExpr | Collect-NativeCommandStream | Write-ColoredGHDLLine
CommandLet 恢复错误信息：
function Collect-NativeCommandStream
{ [CmdletBinding()]
param([Parameter(ValueFromPipeline=$true)]$InputObject)
begin
{ $LineRemainer = "" }
process
{ if (-not $InputObject)
{ Write-Host "Empty pipeline!" }
elseif ($InputObject -is [System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord])
{ if ($InputObject.FullyQualifiedErrorId -eq "NativeCommandError")
{ Write-Output $InputObject.ToString() }
elseif ($InputObject.FullyQualifiedErrorId -eq "NativeCommandErrorMessage")
{ $NewLine = $LineRemainer + $InputObject.ToString()
while (($NewLinePos = $NewLine.IndexOf("`n")) -ne -1)
{ Write-Output $NewLine.Substring(0, $NewLinePos)
$NewLine = $NewLine.Substring($NewLinePos + 1)
}
$LineRemainer = $NewLine
}
}
elseif ($InputObject -is [String])
{ Write-Output $InputObject }
else
{ Write-Host "Unsupported object in pipeline stream" }
}
end
{ }
}
CommandLet 为警告和错误着色：
function Write-ColoredGHDLLine
{ [CmdletBinding()]
param([Parameter(ValueFromPipeline=$true)]$InputObject)
begin
{ $ErrorRecordFound = $false }
process
{ if (-not $InputObject)
{ Write-Host "Empty pipeline!" }
elseif ($InputObject -is [String])
{ if ($InputObject.Contains("warning"))
{ Write-Host "WARNING: " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Yellow }
else
{ $ErrorRecordFound = $true
Write-Host "ERROR: " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Red
}
Write-Host $InputObject
}
else
{ Write-Host "Unsupported object in pipeline stream" }
}
end
{ $ErrorRecordFound }
}
我似乎设法用 Martin Zabel 的例子解决了这个问题，结果证明这个解决方案非常平淡和简单。
事实是，很长一段时间我都无法从来电中获取字符 `r`n。结果很简单。
用 `n 替换 `r 是唯一需要做的事情！
该解决方案将适用于任何宽度的控制台，因为反面已被移除。
另外，这可能是解决处理后的数据实时返回控制台问题的基础。唯一需要做的是捕获传入的单个 `r 或 `n 以获取新的“变量字符串”，并根据任务使用 `r 或 `n 将处理后的数据发送回控制台。
cls
function GetAnsVal {
param([Parameter(Mandatory=$true, ValueFromPipeline=$true)][System.Object[]][AllowEmptyString()]$Output,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false, ValueFromPipeline=$true)][System.String]$firstEncNew="UTF-8",
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false, ValueFromPipeline=$true)][System.String]$secondEncNew="CP866"
)
function ConvertTo-Encoding ([string]$From, [string]$To){#"UTF-8" "CP866" "ASCII" "windows-1251"
Begin{
$encFrom = [System.Text.Encoding]::GetEncoding($from)
$encTo = [System.Text.Encoding]::GetEncoding($to)
}
Process{
$Text=($_).ToString()
$bytes = $encTo.GetBytes($Text)
$bytes = [System.Text.Encoding]::Convert($encFrom, $encTo, $bytes)
$encTo.GetString($bytes)
}
}
$all = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[System.Object];
$exception = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[System.Object];
$stderr = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[System.Object];
$stdout = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[System.Object]
$i = 0;$Output | % {
if ($_ -ne $null){
if ($_.GetType().FullName -ne 'System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord'){
if ($_.Exception.message -ne $null){$Temp=$_.Exception.message | ConvertTo-Encoding $firstEncNew $secondEncNew;$all.Add($Temp);$exception.Add($Temp)}
elseif ($_ -ne $null){$Temp=$_ | ConvertTo-Encoding $firstEncNew $secondEncNew;$all.Add($Temp);$stdout.Add($Temp)}
} else {
#if (MyNonTerminatingError.Exception is AccessDeniedException)
$Temp=$_.Exception.message | ConvertTo-Encoding $firstEncNew $secondEncNew;
$all.Add($Temp);$stderr.Add($Temp)
}
}
$i++
}
[hashtable]$return = @{}
$return.Meta0=$all;$return.Meta1=$exception;$return.Meta2=$stderr;$return.Meta3=$stdout;
return $return
}
Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms;
& C:\Windows\System32\curl.exe 'api.ipify.org/?format=plain' 2>&1 | set-variable Output;
$r = & GetAnsVal $Output
$Meta0=""
foreach ($el in $r.Meta0){
$Meta0+=$el
}
$Meta0=($Meta0 -split "[`r`n]") -join "`n"
$Meta0=($Meta0 -split "[`n]{2,}") -join "`n"
[Console]::Write($Meta0);
[Console]::Write("`n");
我正在使用 PowerShell 脚本来控制编译器 (ghdl.exe) 的不同编译步骤。
编译器有 3 种不同的输出格式：
- 无输出且无错误 => $LastExitCode = 0
- 在 stderr 上输出（警告），但没有错误 => $LastExitCode = 0
- stderr 输出（错误），可能还有警告 => $LastExitCode != 0
因为处理 stderr 和 stdout 接缝非常有问题，我使用了这个 Whosebug post 中提供的方法：PowerShell: Manage errors with Invoke-Expression
这是我使用附加消息着色实现的：
function Format-NativeCommandStreams
{ param([Parameter(ValueFromPipeline=$true)]$InputObject)
begin
{ $ErrorRecordFound = $false }
process
{ if (-not $InputObject)
{ Write-Host "Empty" }
elseif ($InputObject -is [System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord])
{ $ErrorRecordFound = $true
$text = $InputObject.ToString()
Write-Host $text -ForegroundColor Gray
$stdErr = $InputObject.TargetObject
if ($stdErr)
{ #Write-Host ("err: type=" + $stdErr.GetType() + " " + $stdErr)
if ($stdErr.Contains("warning"))
{ Write-Host "WARNING: " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Yellow }
else
{ Write-Host "ERROR: " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Red }
Write-Host $stdErr
}
}
else
{ $stdOut = $InputObject
if ($stdOut.Contains("warning"))
{ Write-Host "WARNING: " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Yellow }
else
{ Write-Host "ERROR: " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Red }
Write-Host $stdOut
}
}
end
{ $ErrorRecordFound }
}
用法：
$Options = @(.....)
$Expr = "ghdl.exe -a " + ($Options -join " ") + " " + $File + " 2>&1"
$ret = Invoke-Expression $Expr | Format-NativeCommandStreams
通常情况下，编译器每行发出一条消息（错误或警告）。如下面的屏幕截图所示，一些消息被分成多达 8 行。这就是为什么我的输出着色没有按预期工作的原因。更多的行被检测为错误（误报），所以我在日志中找不到真正的错误。
示例：
C:\Altera.0\quartus\eda\sim_lib\altera_mf.vhd:
39963:
53
:
warning:
universal integer bound must be numeric literal or attribute
C:\Altera.0\quartus\eda\sim_lib\altera_mf.vhd
:41794:36:warning: universal integer bound must be numeric literal or attribute
预期结果：
C:\Altera.0\quartus\eda\sim_lib\altera_mf.vhd:39963:53:warning: universal integer bound must be numeric literal or attribute
C:\Altera.0\quartus\eda\sim_lib\altera_mf.vhd:41794:36:warning: universal integer bound must be numeric literal or attribute
据我所知，编译器 (ghdl.exe) 确实以整行形式发出消息。
问题：
- 为什么会这样？
- 谁能解决这个问题？
您可以进行一些调试来解决这个问题。我建议从这样的事情开始：
ghdl.exe <whatever args you supply> 2>&1 | set-variable ghdlOutput
$i = 0
$ghdlOutput | % {write-host "$i `t: " $_.gettype() "`t" $_ ; $i++}
这将列出行号、输出行的类型以及输出的每个活。您可能需要对代码进行一些调整以使输出看起来正常。
从那里您可以看到编译器是否真的将错误分成多行。如果是，您可以尝试设计一种策略来确定哪些行是标准输出，哪些是标准错误。如果没有，那么您将获得一些调试上面脚本的线索。
或者可以打包整个方法并使用 .NET system.diagnostics.process class 并将 stdout 和 stderr 重定向为单独的流。使用采用 ProcessStartInfo 的 Start 方法。如果需要，您应该能够 google 执行此操作的示例。
解决方案
可执行文件 stderr 上的完整输出简单地拆分为多个 System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord 类型的对象。实际的拆分似乎是不确定的 (*)。此外，部分字符串存储在 属性 Exception 而不是 TargetObject 中。只有第一个 ErrorRecord 有一个非空的 TargetObject。也就是说，为什么包含字符串 "warning" 的后续输出行没有设置为黄色和白色格式，如下所示：
:41794:36:warning: universal integer bound must be numeric literal or attribute
您的灰色输出来自每个 ErrorRecord 的 toString() 方法，其中 returns 这条记录的 属性 Exception.Message 的值。
所以在格式化之前必须将所有消息连接在一起以获得整个输出。这些消息中保留换行符。
EDIT: (*) 这取决于 write/flush 调用程序相对于 Powershell 读取调用的顺序。如果在我下面的测试程序中每个 fprintf() 之后添加一个 fflush(stderr)，将会有更多的 ErrorRecord 对象。除了第一个似乎是确定性的，其中一些包含 2 条输出线，一些包含 3 条。
我的测试平台
我没有使用 GHDL，而是从一个新的 Visual Studio 项目开始，并使用以下代码创建了一个控制台应用程序 (HelloWorldEx)。它只是在 stderr
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <stdio.h>
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
// Print some warning messages on stderr
for(int i=0; i<70; i++) {
fprintf(stderr, "warning:%070d\n", i); // 80 bytes per line including CR+LF
}
return 0; // exit code is not relevant
}
然后我编译程序并在 Powershell 中执行它： （编辑：从我自己的脚本中删除了调试代码）
.\HelloWorldEx.exe 2>&1 | set-variable Output
$i = 0
$Output | % {
Write-Host ("--- " + $i + ": " + $_.GetType() + " ------------------------")
Write-Host ($_ | Format-List -Force | Out-String)
$i++
}
这是脚本的输出。如您所见，我的程序的输出分为 3 ErrorRecords（实际可能不同）：
--- 0: System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord ------------------------
writeErrorStream : True
Exception : System.Management.Automation.RemoteException: warning:00000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000
TargetObject : warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (warning:0000000...000000000000000:String) [], RemoteException
FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandError
ErrorDetails :
InvocationInfo : System.Management.Automation.InvocationInfo
PipelineIterationInfo : {0, 0, 0}
PSMessageDetails :
--- 1: System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord ------------------------
writeErrorStream : True
Exception : System.Management.Automation.RemoteException: warning:00000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000001
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000005
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000006
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000007
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000008
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000009
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000011
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000012
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000013
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000014
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000015
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000016
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000017
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000018
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000019
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000021
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000022
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000023
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000024
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000025
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000026
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000027
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000028
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000029
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000030
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000031
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000032
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000033
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000034
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000035
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000036
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000037
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000038
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000039
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000041
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000042
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000043
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000044
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000045
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000046
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000047
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000048
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000049
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000050
warning:00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
TargetObject :
CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [], RemoteException
FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandErrorMessage
ErrorDetails :
InvocationInfo : System.Management.Automation.InvocationInfo
PipelineIterationInfo : {0, 0, 1}
PSMessageDetails :
--- 2: System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord ------------------------
writeErrorStream : True
Exception : System.Management.Automation.RemoteException: 00000000051
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000052
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000053
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000054
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000055
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000056
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000057
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000058
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000059
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000060
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000061
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000062
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000063
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000064
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000065
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000066
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000067
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000068
warning:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000069
TargetObject :
CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [], RemoteException
FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandErrorMessage
ErrorDetails :
InvocationInfo : System.Management.Automation.InvocationInfo
PipelineIterationInfo : {0, 0, 2}
PSMessageDetails :
为了完整起见，这是我当前的 CommandLets，它将错误消息恢复为一行并根据需要为它们着色：
用法：
$InvokeExpr = "ghdl.exe " + ($Options -join " ") + " --work=unisim " + $File.FullName + " 2>&1"
$ErrorRecordFound = Invoke-Expression $InvokeExpr | Collect-NativeCommandStream | Write-ColoredGHDLLine
CommandLet 恢复错误信息：
function Collect-NativeCommandStream
{ [CmdletBinding()]
param([Parameter(ValueFromPipeline=$true)]$InputObject)
begin
{ $LineRemainer = "" }
process
{ if (-not $InputObject)
{ Write-Host "Empty pipeline!" }
elseif ($InputObject -is [System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord])
{ if ($InputObject.FullyQualifiedErrorId -eq "NativeCommandError")
{ Write-Output $InputObject.ToString() }
elseif ($InputObject.FullyQualifiedErrorId -eq "NativeCommandErrorMessage")
{ $NewLine = $LineRemainer + $InputObject.ToString()
while (($NewLinePos = $NewLine.IndexOf("`n")) -ne -1)
{ Write-Output $NewLine.Substring(0, $NewLinePos)
$NewLine = $NewLine.Substring($NewLinePos + 1)
}
$LineRemainer = $NewLine
}
}
elseif ($InputObject -is [String])
{ Write-Output $InputObject }
else
{ Write-Host "Unsupported object in pipeline stream" }
}
end
{ }
}
CommandLet 为警告和错误着色：
function Write-ColoredGHDLLine
{ [CmdletBinding()]
param([Parameter(ValueFromPipeline=$true)]$InputObject)
begin
{ $ErrorRecordFound = $false }
process
{ if (-not $InputObject)
{ Write-Host "Empty pipeline!" }
elseif ($InputObject -is [String])
{ if ($InputObject.Contains("warning"))
{ Write-Host "WARNING: " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Yellow }
else
{ $ErrorRecordFound = $true
Write-Host "ERROR: " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Red
}
Write-Host $InputObject
}
else
{ Write-Host "Unsupported object in pipeline stream" }
}
end
{ $ErrorRecordFound }
}
我似乎设法用 Martin Zabel 的例子解决了这个问题，结果证明这个解决方案非常平淡和简单。
事实是，很长一段时间我都无法从来电中获取字符 `r`n。结果很简单。
用 `n 替换 `r 是唯一需要做的事情！
该解决方案将适用于任何宽度的控制台，因为反面已被移除。
另外，这可能是解决处理后的数据实时返回控制台问题的基础。唯一需要做的是捕获传入的单个 `r 或 `n 以获取新的“变量字符串”，并根据任务使用 `r 或 `n 将处理后的数据发送回控制台。
cls
function GetAnsVal {
param([Parameter(Mandatory=$true, ValueFromPipeline=$true)][System.Object[]][AllowEmptyString()]$Output,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false, ValueFromPipeline=$true)][System.String]$firstEncNew="UTF-8",
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false, ValueFromPipeline=$true)][System.String]$secondEncNew="CP866"
)
function ConvertTo-Encoding ([string]$From, [string]$To){#"UTF-8" "CP866" "ASCII" "windows-1251"
Begin{
$encFrom = [System.Text.Encoding]::GetEncoding($from)
$encTo = [System.Text.Encoding]::GetEncoding($to)
}
Process{
$Text=($_).ToString()
$bytes = $encTo.GetBytes($Text)
$bytes = [System.Text.Encoding]::Convert($encFrom, $encTo, $bytes)
$encTo.GetString($bytes)
}
}
$all = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[System.Object];
$exception = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[System.Object];
$stderr = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[System.Object];
$stdout = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[System.Object]
$i = 0;$Output | % {
if ($_ -ne $null){
if ($_.GetType().FullName -ne 'System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord'){
if ($_.Exception.message -ne $null){$Temp=$_.Exception.message | ConvertTo-Encoding $firstEncNew $secondEncNew;$all.Add($Temp);$exception.Add($Temp)}
elseif ($_ -ne $null){$Temp=$_ | ConvertTo-Encoding $firstEncNew $secondEncNew;$all.Add($Temp);$stdout.Add($Temp)}
} else {
#if (MyNonTerminatingError.Exception is AccessDeniedException)
$Temp=$_.Exception.message | ConvertTo-Encoding $firstEncNew $secondEncNew;
$all.Add($Temp);$stderr.Add($Temp)
}
}
$i++
}
[hashtable]$return = @{}
$return.Meta0=$all;$return.Meta1=$exception;$return.Meta2=$stderr;$return.Meta3=$stdout;
return $return
}
Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms;
& C:\Windows\System32\curl.exe 'api.ipify.org/?format=plain' 2>&1 | set-variable Output;
$r = & GetAnsVal $Output
$Meta0=""
foreach ($el in $r.Meta0){
$Meta0+=$el
}
$Meta0=($Meta0 -split "[`r`n]") -join "`n"
$Meta0=($Meta0 -split "[`n]{2,}") -join "`n"
[Console]::Write($Meta0);
[Console]::Write("`n");