Oracle SQL 对版本号进行排序

Question

在 Oracle 中，仅使用 ORDER BY 不会对版本号进行排序。我的 Version_Number 字段被声明为 VARCHAR，我无法更改它。例如：以下版本：

应该排序为

我研究了几个 post，但其中 none 似乎确实符合我的目的，或者答案是针对 SQL 服务器等而不是 Oracle。我遇到了这个特别的 sql，它看起来很有效。

select version_number from mytable 
order by lpad(version_number, 4) desc;

以这种方式对版本进行排序：

我相信这个 sql 声明适用于 SQL Server :

select version_number from mytable 
order by cast ('/' + replace(version_number , '.', '/') + '/' as hierarchyid) desc;

但是，这不适用于 Oracle。 Oracle 中是否有替代 hierarchyid 的方法？

有谁能想出一个 SQL 来准确地对这些版本进行排序吗？

我已经看到下面提到的 posts（附加链接）。所以请不要告诉我这个 post 是重复的。
SQL sort by version "number", a string of varying length
How Can I Sort A 'Version Number' Column Generically Using a SQL Server Query
Version number sorting in Sql Server
mysql sorting of version numbers
还有更多。

Answer 1

这是一种方法。先按.前的数字排序，再按.

后的数字排序

select version_number 
from mytable 
order by substr(version_number, 1, instr(version_number,'.')-1) desc
        ,length(substr(version_number, instr(version_number,'.')+1)) desc
        ,substr(version_number, instr(version_number,'.')+1) desc

Answer 2

正如 Joel Coehoorn 的建议 here、"refactor version number storage so that each section has it's own column: MajorVersion, MinorVersion, Revision, Build"。

我正在重新发布，因为我发现这个非常有用！

为了扩展，我一直在寻找 MAX 版本号，最后根据 Joel 的建议使用了这个脚本。

    -- GET MAX VERSION NUMBER
    SELECT
        REPLACE(vnum, ' ', '') AS versionum
    FROM
        (SELECT
            MAX(LPAD(major, 4) || '.' || LPAD(minor, 4) || '.' || LPAD(revision, 4)) AS vnum
        FROM
            my_table
        ORDER BY
            major
          , minor
          , revision
        ) tbl1

Answer 3

此 SQL 支持您的输入数据以及任何包含的修订版或内部版本数字。

with 
   inputs as (select '1.20'         as version_number from dual union all  
              select '1.9'          as version_number from dual union all
              select '1.18'         as version_number from dual union all
              select '1.13'         as version_number from dual union all
              select '1.5'          as version_number from dual union all
              select '1.11'         as version_number from dual union all
              select '2.0'          as version_number from dual union all
              select '1.8'          as version_number from dual union all
              select '1.3'          as version_number from dual union all
              select '1.2'          as version_number from dual union all
              select '1.1'          as version_number from dual union all
              select '1.0'          as version_number from dual union all
              select '1.10'         as version_number from dual union all
              select ' 3.1 '        as version_number from dual union all
              select '3.1.1000'     as version_number from dual union all
              select '3.1.1'        as version_number from dual union all
              select '3.1.100'      as version_number from dual union all
              select '3.1.2.1000'   as version_number from dual union all
              select '3.1.2.1'      as version_number from dual union all
              select '3.1.2.100 '   as version_number from dual)
,versions as  (select  trim(version_number) as version_number,
        nvl(LPAD(trim(regexp_substr(version_number, '[^.]+', 1, 1)),5,'0'),'00000') AS Major,
        nvl(LPAD(trim(regexp_substr(version_number, '[^.]+', 1, 2)),5,'0'),'00000') AS Minor, 
        nvl(LPAD(trim(regexp_substr(version_number, '[^.]+', 1, 3)),5,'0'),'00000') AS Revision, 
        nvl(LPAD(trim(regexp_substr(version_number, '[^.]+', 1, 4)),5,'0'),'00000') AS Build 
        from inputs 
        ORDER BY Major desc, Minor desc, Revision desc, Build desc)
--select * from versions; 
select version_number from versions;

删除 -- 以查看中间结果。

对于 OP，将 "inputs as (select ... from dual)" 替换为：

   inputs as (select version_number from mytable)

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