如何正确渲染 3D 图形
How to render 3D graphics properly
我试图在 javafx
中制作一个魔方,结果得到了一个非常糟糕的模型,如 Image 中给出的那样。我为此提供了我的代码源,我在其中使用 RectangleBuilder
class 创建矩形并在 3d 中进行转换。为了修复图形,我还尝试构建使用 TriangleMesh
class 的矩形,并在向它们添加材料后,将它们转换为 3d,再次以同样糟糕的图形结束。为什么会发生这种情况以及如何摆脱它?
import javafx.scene.transform.Rotate;
import javafx.scene.PerspectiveCamera;
import javafx.scene.transform.Translate;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Group;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.animation.Animation;
import javafx.animation.KeyFrame;
import javafx.animation.KeyValue;
import javafx.animation.Timeline;
import javafx.event.EventHandler;
import javafx.scene.Group;
import javafx.scene.Node;
import javafx.scene.SceneAntialiasing;
import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.shape.RectangleBuilder;
import javafx.scene.transform.Rotate;
import javafx.util.Duration;
public class NewFXMain1 extends Application {
public class Cube extends Group {
final Rotate rx = new Rotate(0,Rotate.X_AXIS);
final Rotate ry = new Rotate(0,Rotate.Y_AXIS);
final Rotate rz = new Rotate(0,Rotate.Z_AXIS);
public Cube(double size, Color back,Color bottom,Color right,Color left,Color top,Color front, double shade) {
getTransforms().addAll(rz, ry, rx);
getChildren().addAll(
RectangleBuilder.create() // back face
.width(size).height(size)
.fill(back.deriveColor(0.0, 1.0, (1 - 0.5*shade), 1.0))
.translateX(-0.5*size)
.translateY(-0.5*size)
.translateZ(0.5*size)
.smooth(true)
.stroke(Color.BLACK)
.build(),
RectangleBuilder.create() // bottom face
.width(size).height(size)
.fill(bottom.deriveColor(0.0, 1.0, (1 - 0.4*shade), 1.0))
.translateX(-0.5*size)
.translateY(0)
.rotationAxis(Rotate.X_AXIS)
.rotate(90)
.smooth(true)
.stroke(Color.BLACK)
.build(),
RectangleBuilder.create() // right face
.width(size).height(size)
.fill(right.deriveColor(0.0, 1.0, (1 - 0.3*shade), 1.0))
.translateX(-1*size)
.translateY(-0.5*size)
.rotationAxis(Rotate.Y_AXIS)
.rotate(90)
.smooth(true)
.stroke(Color.BLACK)
.build(),
RectangleBuilder.create() // left face
.width(size).height(size)
.fill(left.deriveColor(0.0, 1.0, (1 - 0.2*shade), 1.0))
.translateX(0)
.translateY(-0.5*size)
.rotationAxis(Rotate.Y_AXIS)
.rotate(90)
.smooth(true)
.stroke(Color.BLACK)
.build(),
RectangleBuilder.create() // top face
.width(size).height(size)
.fill(top.deriveColor(0.0, 1.0, (1 - 0.1*shade), 1.0))
.translateX(-0.5*size)
.translateY(-1*size)
.rotationAxis(Rotate.X_AXIS)
.rotate(90)
.smooth(true)
.stroke(Color.BLACK)
.build(),
RectangleBuilder.create() // front face
.width(size).height(size)
.fill(front)
.translateX(-0.5*size)
.translateY(-0.5*size)
.translateZ(-0.5*size)
.smooth(true)
.stroke(Color.BLACK)
.build()
);
}
}
PerspectiveCamera camera = new PerspectiveCamera(true);
@Override public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception {
Group root = new Group();
Scene scene=new Scene(root,600,600,true);
camera.setNearClip(0.00001);
camera.setFarClip(10000000.0);
camera.getTransforms().addAll (
new Rotate(0, Rotate.Y_AXIS),
new Rotate(0, Rotate.X_AXIS),
new Translate(0, 0, -1000));
scene.setCamera(camera);
Cube c1 = new Cube(50,Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.ORANGE.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.RED.darker(),1);
c1.setTranslateX(100);
Cube c2 = new Cube(50,Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.YELLOW.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.RED.darker(),1);
c2.setTranslateX(50);
Cube c3 = new Cube(50,Color.CYAN.brighter(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.YELLOW.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.RED.darker(),1);
c3.setTranslateX(50);
c3.setTranslateZ(50);
Cube c4 = new Cube(50,Color.CYAN.brighter(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.ORANGE.darker(),Color.YELLOW.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.RED.darker(),1);
c4.setTranslateX(100);
c4.setTranslateZ(50);
Cube c5 = new Cube(50,Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.ORANGE.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.RED.darker(),1);
c5.setTranslateX(100);
c5.setTranslateY(50);
Cube c6 = new Cube(50,Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.YELLOW.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.RED.darker(),1);
c6.setTranslateX(50);
c6.setTranslateY(50);
Cube c7 = new Cube(50,Color.CYAN.brighter(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.YELLOW.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.RED.darker(),1);
c7.setTranslateX(50);
c7.setTranslateZ(50);
c7.setTranslateY(50);
Cube c8 = new Cube(50,Color.CYAN.brighter(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.ORANGE.darker(),Color.YELLOW.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.RED.darker(),1);
c8.setTranslateX(100);
c8.setTranslateZ(50);
c8.setTranslateY(50);
handleMouse(scene,root);
Group k=new Group(c1,c2,c3,c4,c5,c6,c7,c8);
k.setTranslateZ(70);
root.getChildren().addAll(k);
primaryStage.setScene(scene);
primaryStage.show();
}
public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); }
private static final double CONTROL_MULTIPLIER = 0.1;
private static final double SHIFT_MULTIPLIER = 10.0;
private static final double MOUSE_SPEED = 0.1;
private static final double ROTATION_SPEED = 2.0;
double mousePosX,mousePosY,mouseOldX,mouseOldY,mouseDeltaX,mouseDeltaY;
private void handleMouse(Scene scene, final Node root) {
scene.setOnMousePressed(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() {
@Override public void handle(MouseEvent me) {
mousePosX = me.getSceneX();
mousePosY = me.getSceneY();
mouseOldX = me.getSceneX();
mouseOldY = me.getSceneY();
}
});
scene.setOnMouseDragged(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() {
@Override public void handle(MouseEvent me) {
mouseOldX = mousePosX;
mouseOldY = mousePosY;
mousePosX = me.getSceneX();
mousePosY = me.getSceneY();
mouseDeltaX = (mousePosX - mouseOldX);
mouseDeltaY = (mousePosY - mouseOldY);
double modifier = 1.0;
if (me.isControlDown()) {
modifier = CONTROL_MULTIPLIER;
}
if (me.isShiftDown()) {
modifier = SHIFT_MULTIPLIER;
}
if (me.isPrimaryButtonDown()) {
camera.setRotationAxis(Rotate.Y_AXIS);camera.setRotate(camera.getRotate() -
mouseDeltaX*modifier*ROTATION_SPEED); //
camera.setRotationAxis(Rotate.X_AXIS);camera.setRotate(camera.getRotate() +
mouseDeltaY*modifier*ROTATION_SPEED); // -
}
else if (me.isSecondaryButtonDown()) {
double z = camera.getTranslateZ();
double newZ = z + mouseDeltaX*MOUSE_SPEED*modifier;
camera.setTranslateZ(newZ);
}
}
}); // setOnMouseDragged
} //handleMouse
}
EDIT:
The reason for the rendering artifacts that was originally given here was wrong, and the proposed solution may not be appropriate*. Details can be found in the Revision History. The actual solution is far simpler. Apologies for any inconveniences.
渲染伪影的原因是您的相机剪辑平面相距太远。您正在设置
camera.setNearClip(0.00001);
camera.setFarClip(10000000.0);
这远远超出了普通 Z 缓冲区中可以明显表示的范围。将这些行更改为
camera.setNearClip(0.1);
camera.setFarClip(10000.0);
将修复渲染错误。
* 最初的解决方案建议从几个 Mesh
实例中对框进行建模。这样做的好处是它允许定义法线,从而实现 "realistic" 外观的 3D 效果,但需要付出更多的努力。 "real 3D" 解决方案参见 Revision History。
虽然 @Marco13 是一个很好且有效的答案,但如果您不想导入模型,正如@jewelsea 提到的,还有一种方法可以创建一个 single为每个立方体制作网格并根据魔方的要求为面着色。
这可以通过使用 net 图像为网格面着色来实现:
如果将此图片应用到Box
:
Box cube = new Box();
PhongMaterial material = new PhongMaterial();
material.setDiffuseMap(new Image(getClass().getResource("cubeNet.png").toExternalForm()));
cube.setMaterial(material);
您将获得六张面孔重复的相同图像。
因此您可以创建自己的盒子来正确映射纹理坐标,或者使用 FXyz 库中的 CuboidMesh
。
CuboidMesh cube = new CuboidMesh();
cube.setTextureModeImage(getClass().getResource("cubeNet.png").toExternalForm());
此 post 向您展示了如何为单个网格的不同面着色。
编辑
考虑到对于 27 个立方体中的任何一个,都应该提供不同的图像,更好的方法是使用像这样的图像:
然后相应地修改纹理索引,如 answer.
中所述
基本上,对于每种颜色:
public static final int RED = 0;
public static final int GREEN = 1;
public static final int BLUE = 2;
public static final int YELLOW = 3;
public static final int ORANGE = 4;
public static final int WHITE = 5;
public static final int GRAY = 6;
其归一化的 x 纹理坐标将为:
public static final float X_RED = 0.5f / 7f;
public static final float X_GREEN = 1.5f / 7f;
public static final float X_BLUE = 2.5f / 7f;
public static final float X_YELLOW = 3.5f / 7f;
public static final float X_ORANGE = 4.5f / 7f;
public static final float X_WHITE = 5.5f / 7f;
public static final float X_GRAY = 6.5f / 7f;
所以使用 TriangleMesh
创建一个框:
private TriangleMesh createCube(int[] face) {
TriangleMesh m = new TriangleMesh();
m.getPoints().addAll(
0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f,
0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f,
0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f,
0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,
-0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f,
-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f,
-0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f,
-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f
);
m.getTexCoords().addAll(
X_RED, 0.5f,
X_GREEN, 0.5f,
X_BLUE, 0.5f,
X_YELLOW, 0.5f,
X_ORANGE, 0.5f,
X_WHITE, 0.5f,
X_GRAY, 0.5f
);
最后,我们只需要添加面:顶点列表和纹理索引。让我们创建一个索引数组,这些索引根据魔方表面的常用符号排序:F - R - U - B - L - D:
m.getFaces().addAll(
2, face[0], 3, face[0], 6, face[0], // F
3, face[0], 7, face[0], 6, face[0],
0, face[1], 1, face[1], 2, face[1], // R
2, face[1], 1, face[1], 3, face[1],
1, face[2], 5, face[2], 3, face[2], // U
5, face[2], 7, face[2], 3, face[2],
0, face[3], 4, face[3], 1, face[3], // B
4, face[3], 5, face[3], 1, face[3],
4, face[4], 6, face[4], 5, face[4], // L
6, face[4], 7, face[4], 5, face[4],
0, face[5], 2, face[5], 4, face[5], // D
2, face[5], 6, face[5], 4, face[5]
);
return m;
}
现在创建立方体及其 27 个立方体非常简单,基于一个立方体和一种颜色图案。
这个代码
int[] p = new int[]{BLUE, GRAY, GRAY, GRAY, ORANGE, WHITE};
MeshView meshP = new MeshView();
meshP.setMesh(createCube(p));
PhongMaterial mat = new PhongMaterial();
mat.setDiffuseMap(new Image(getClass().getResourceAsStream("palette.png")));
meshP.setMaterial(mat);
将为前右上位置创建立方体。
定义27个位置,这就是魔方:
可以找到创建它所需的代码 here。
我试图在 javafx
中制作一个魔方,结果得到了一个非常糟糕的模型,如 Image 中给出的那样。我为此提供了我的代码源,我在其中使用 RectangleBuilder
class 创建矩形并在 3d 中进行转换。为了修复图形,我还尝试构建使用 TriangleMesh
class 的矩形,并在向它们添加材料后,将它们转换为 3d,再次以同样糟糕的图形结束。为什么会发生这种情况以及如何摆脱它?
import javafx.scene.transform.Rotate;
import javafx.scene.PerspectiveCamera;
import javafx.scene.transform.Translate;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Group;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.animation.Animation;
import javafx.animation.KeyFrame;
import javafx.animation.KeyValue;
import javafx.animation.Timeline;
import javafx.event.EventHandler;
import javafx.scene.Group;
import javafx.scene.Node;
import javafx.scene.SceneAntialiasing;
import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.shape.RectangleBuilder;
import javafx.scene.transform.Rotate;
import javafx.util.Duration;
public class NewFXMain1 extends Application {
public class Cube extends Group {
final Rotate rx = new Rotate(0,Rotate.X_AXIS);
final Rotate ry = new Rotate(0,Rotate.Y_AXIS);
final Rotate rz = new Rotate(0,Rotate.Z_AXIS);
public Cube(double size, Color back,Color bottom,Color right,Color left,Color top,Color front, double shade) {
getTransforms().addAll(rz, ry, rx);
getChildren().addAll(
RectangleBuilder.create() // back face
.width(size).height(size)
.fill(back.deriveColor(0.0, 1.0, (1 - 0.5*shade), 1.0))
.translateX(-0.5*size)
.translateY(-0.5*size)
.translateZ(0.5*size)
.smooth(true)
.stroke(Color.BLACK)
.build(),
RectangleBuilder.create() // bottom face
.width(size).height(size)
.fill(bottom.deriveColor(0.0, 1.0, (1 - 0.4*shade), 1.0))
.translateX(-0.5*size)
.translateY(0)
.rotationAxis(Rotate.X_AXIS)
.rotate(90)
.smooth(true)
.stroke(Color.BLACK)
.build(),
RectangleBuilder.create() // right face
.width(size).height(size)
.fill(right.deriveColor(0.0, 1.0, (1 - 0.3*shade), 1.0))
.translateX(-1*size)
.translateY(-0.5*size)
.rotationAxis(Rotate.Y_AXIS)
.rotate(90)
.smooth(true)
.stroke(Color.BLACK)
.build(),
RectangleBuilder.create() // left face
.width(size).height(size)
.fill(left.deriveColor(0.0, 1.0, (1 - 0.2*shade), 1.0))
.translateX(0)
.translateY(-0.5*size)
.rotationAxis(Rotate.Y_AXIS)
.rotate(90)
.smooth(true)
.stroke(Color.BLACK)
.build(),
RectangleBuilder.create() // top face
.width(size).height(size)
.fill(top.deriveColor(0.0, 1.0, (1 - 0.1*shade), 1.0))
.translateX(-0.5*size)
.translateY(-1*size)
.rotationAxis(Rotate.X_AXIS)
.rotate(90)
.smooth(true)
.stroke(Color.BLACK)
.build(),
RectangleBuilder.create() // front face
.width(size).height(size)
.fill(front)
.translateX(-0.5*size)
.translateY(-0.5*size)
.translateZ(-0.5*size)
.smooth(true)
.stroke(Color.BLACK)
.build()
);
}
}
PerspectiveCamera camera = new PerspectiveCamera(true);
@Override public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception {
Group root = new Group();
Scene scene=new Scene(root,600,600,true);
camera.setNearClip(0.00001);
camera.setFarClip(10000000.0);
camera.getTransforms().addAll (
new Rotate(0, Rotate.Y_AXIS),
new Rotate(0, Rotate.X_AXIS),
new Translate(0, 0, -1000));
scene.setCamera(camera);
Cube c1 = new Cube(50,Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.ORANGE.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.RED.darker(),1);
c1.setTranslateX(100);
Cube c2 = new Cube(50,Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.YELLOW.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.RED.darker(),1);
c2.setTranslateX(50);
Cube c3 = new Cube(50,Color.CYAN.brighter(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.YELLOW.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.RED.darker(),1);
c3.setTranslateX(50);
c3.setTranslateZ(50);
Cube c4 = new Cube(50,Color.CYAN.brighter(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.ORANGE.darker(),Color.YELLOW.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.RED.darker(),1);
c4.setTranslateX(100);
c4.setTranslateZ(50);
Cube c5 = new Cube(50,Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.ORANGE.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.RED.darker(),1);
c5.setTranslateX(100);
c5.setTranslateY(50);
Cube c6 = new Cube(50,Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.YELLOW.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.RED.darker(),1);
c6.setTranslateX(50);
c6.setTranslateY(50);
Cube c7 = new Cube(50,Color.CYAN.brighter(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.YELLOW.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.RED.darker(),1);
c7.setTranslateX(50);
c7.setTranslateZ(50);
c7.setTranslateY(50);
Cube c8 = new Cube(50,Color.CYAN.brighter(),Color.GREEN.darker(),Color.ORANGE.darker(),Color.YELLOW.darker(),Color.BLUE.darker(),Color.RED.darker(),1);
c8.setTranslateX(100);
c8.setTranslateZ(50);
c8.setTranslateY(50);
handleMouse(scene,root);
Group k=new Group(c1,c2,c3,c4,c5,c6,c7,c8);
k.setTranslateZ(70);
root.getChildren().addAll(k);
primaryStage.setScene(scene);
primaryStage.show();
}
public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); }
private static final double CONTROL_MULTIPLIER = 0.1;
private static final double SHIFT_MULTIPLIER = 10.0;
private static final double MOUSE_SPEED = 0.1;
private static final double ROTATION_SPEED = 2.0;
double mousePosX,mousePosY,mouseOldX,mouseOldY,mouseDeltaX,mouseDeltaY;
private void handleMouse(Scene scene, final Node root) {
scene.setOnMousePressed(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() {
@Override public void handle(MouseEvent me) {
mousePosX = me.getSceneX();
mousePosY = me.getSceneY();
mouseOldX = me.getSceneX();
mouseOldY = me.getSceneY();
}
});
scene.setOnMouseDragged(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() {
@Override public void handle(MouseEvent me) {
mouseOldX = mousePosX;
mouseOldY = mousePosY;
mousePosX = me.getSceneX();
mousePosY = me.getSceneY();
mouseDeltaX = (mousePosX - mouseOldX);
mouseDeltaY = (mousePosY - mouseOldY);
double modifier = 1.0;
if (me.isControlDown()) {
modifier = CONTROL_MULTIPLIER;
}
if (me.isShiftDown()) {
modifier = SHIFT_MULTIPLIER;
}
if (me.isPrimaryButtonDown()) {
camera.setRotationAxis(Rotate.Y_AXIS);camera.setRotate(camera.getRotate() -
mouseDeltaX*modifier*ROTATION_SPEED); //
camera.setRotationAxis(Rotate.X_AXIS);camera.setRotate(camera.getRotate() +
mouseDeltaY*modifier*ROTATION_SPEED); // -
}
else if (me.isSecondaryButtonDown()) {
double z = camera.getTranslateZ();
double newZ = z + mouseDeltaX*MOUSE_SPEED*modifier;
camera.setTranslateZ(newZ);
}
}
}); // setOnMouseDragged
} //handleMouse
}
EDIT:
The reason for the rendering artifacts that was originally given here was wrong, and the proposed solution may not be appropriate*. Details can be found in the Revision History. The actual solution is far simpler. Apologies for any inconveniences.
渲染伪影的原因是您的相机剪辑平面相距太远。您正在设置
camera.setNearClip(0.00001);
camera.setFarClip(10000000.0);
这远远超出了普通 Z 缓冲区中可以明显表示的范围。将这些行更改为
camera.setNearClip(0.1);
camera.setFarClip(10000.0);
将修复渲染错误。
* 最初的解决方案建议从几个 Mesh
实例中对框进行建模。这样做的好处是它允许定义法线,从而实现 "realistic" 外观的 3D 效果,但需要付出更多的努力。 "real 3D" 解决方案参见 Revision History。
虽然 @Marco13 是一个很好且有效的答案,但如果您不想导入模型,正如@jewelsea 提到的,还有一种方法可以创建一个 single为每个立方体制作网格并根据魔方的要求为面着色。
这可以通过使用 net 图像为网格面着色来实现:
如果将此图片应用到Box
:
Box cube = new Box();
PhongMaterial material = new PhongMaterial();
material.setDiffuseMap(new Image(getClass().getResource("cubeNet.png").toExternalForm()));
cube.setMaterial(material);
您将获得六张面孔重复的相同图像。
因此您可以创建自己的盒子来正确映射纹理坐标,或者使用 FXyz 库中的 CuboidMesh
。
CuboidMesh cube = new CuboidMesh();
cube.setTextureModeImage(getClass().getResource("cubeNet.png").toExternalForm());
此 post 向您展示了如何为单个网格的不同面着色。
编辑
考虑到对于 27 个立方体中的任何一个,都应该提供不同的图像,更好的方法是使用像这样的图像:
然后相应地修改纹理索引,如 answer.
中所述基本上,对于每种颜色:
public static final int RED = 0;
public static final int GREEN = 1;
public static final int BLUE = 2;
public static final int YELLOW = 3;
public static final int ORANGE = 4;
public static final int WHITE = 5;
public static final int GRAY = 6;
其归一化的 x 纹理坐标将为:
public static final float X_RED = 0.5f / 7f;
public static final float X_GREEN = 1.5f / 7f;
public static final float X_BLUE = 2.5f / 7f;
public static final float X_YELLOW = 3.5f / 7f;
public static final float X_ORANGE = 4.5f / 7f;
public static final float X_WHITE = 5.5f / 7f;
public static final float X_GRAY = 6.5f / 7f;
所以使用 TriangleMesh
创建一个框:
private TriangleMesh createCube(int[] face) {
TriangleMesh m = new TriangleMesh();
m.getPoints().addAll(
0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f,
0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f,
0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f,
0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,
-0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f,
-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f,
-0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f,
-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f
);
m.getTexCoords().addAll(
X_RED, 0.5f,
X_GREEN, 0.5f,
X_BLUE, 0.5f,
X_YELLOW, 0.5f,
X_ORANGE, 0.5f,
X_WHITE, 0.5f,
X_GRAY, 0.5f
);
最后,我们只需要添加面:顶点列表和纹理索引。让我们创建一个索引数组,这些索引根据魔方表面的常用符号排序:F - R - U - B - L - D:
m.getFaces().addAll(
2, face[0], 3, face[0], 6, face[0], // F
3, face[0], 7, face[0], 6, face[0],
0, face[1], 1, face[1], 2, face[1], // R
2, face[1], 1, face[1], 3, face[1],
1, face[2], 5, face[2], 3, face[2], // U
5, face[2], 7, face[2], 3, face[2],
0, face[3], 4, face[3], 1, face[3], // B
4, face[3], 5, face[3], 1, face[3],
4, face[4], 6, face[4], 5, face[4], // L
6, face[4], 7, face[4], 5, face[4],
0, face[5], 2, face[5], 4, face[5], // D
2, face[5], 6, face[5], 4, face[5]
);
return m;
}
现在创建立方体及其 27 个立方体非常简单,基于一个立方体和一种颜色图案。
这个代码
int[] p = new int[]{BLUE, GRAY, GRAY, GRAY, ORANGE, WHITE};
MeshView meshP = new MeshView();
meshP.setMesh(createCube(p));
PhongMaterial mat = new PhongMaterial();
mat.setDiffuseMap(new Image(getClass().getResourceAsStream("palette.png")));
meshP.setMaterial(mat);
将为前右上位置创建立方体。
定义27个位置,这就是魔方:
可以找到创建它所需的代码 here。