编辑列表以删除定义的变量以及字符之后和包括字符的所有内容

Question

我有以下设置：

variable = /XXX/XXX/XXX/
list = [/XXX/XXX/XXX/INFO_RANDOM_STRING_HERE.file, etc...]

我想复制列表，但 trim 起始变量，以及 "INFO" 段以外的所有内容（即 _RANDOM 之前的所有内容）。信息每次都不一样，RANDOM_STRING_HERE，但变量是常量。

我怎样才能做到这一点？

为了澄清，我有：

variable = /users/me/folder/
list = [/users/me/folder/file1_001_134543_X5_6MGFS.txt, /users/me/folder/file2_231_234233_Y5_6MGFFAS.txt, etc...]

而且我想要完整列表和新列表：

newlist = [file1, file2, etc...]

Answer 1

您可以在 list comprehension:

中使用 split()

[x.split(variable)[1].split('_')[0] for x in the_list]

查看完整代码：

variable = "/users/me/folder/"
the_list = ["/users/me/folder/file1_001_134543_X5_6MGFS.txt", "/users/me/folder/file2_231_234233_Y5_6MGFFAS.txt"]

print [x.split(variable)[1].split('_')[0] for x in the_list]

输出：

['file1', 'file2']

我已经准备了另一个示例（带注释）以防您不想使用 list comprehensions 而只是一个简单的 for循环：

variable = "/users/me/folder/"
the_list = ["/users/me/folder/file1_001_134543_X5_6MGFS.txt", "/users/me/folder/file2_231_234233_Y5_6MGFFAS.txt"]

results_list = list()

for full_path in the_list:
    _, file_name = full_path.split(variable) # This splits "/users/me/folder/file1_001_134543_X5_6MGFS.txt" into "/users/me/folder/" and "file1_001_134543_X5_6MGFS.txt" so we take the last one as 'file_name'
    file_name = file_name.split('_')[0]      # This splits e.g. "file1_001_134543_X5_6MGFS.txt" in ["file1", "001", "134543", "X5", "6MGFS.txt"] so we take only the first one, which is in index 0
    results_list.append(file_name)           # Adding e.g. "file1" to our 'results_list'

print results_list

Answer 2

variable = "/users/me/folder/"
lst = ["/users/me/folder/file1_001_134543_X5_6MGFS.txt", "/users/me/folder/file2_231_234233_Y5_6MGFFAS.txt"]

lst[:] = [s.replace(variable,"").split("_",1)[0] for s in lst]

print(lst)

输出：

['file1', 'file2']

如果您实际上只是想获取基本名称，您可以使用 os.path.basename:

lst = ["/users/me/folder/file1_001_134543_X5_6MGFS.txt", "/users/me/folder/file2_231_234233_Y5_6MGFFAS.txt"]
from os import path
lst[:] = [path.basename(s).split("_",1)[0] for s in lst]


print(lst)

输出：

['file1', 'file2']

Answer 3

variable = "/users/me/folder/"
list = ["/users/me/folder/file1_001_134543_X5_6MGFS.txt", "/users/me/folder/file2_231_234233_Y5_6MGFFAS.txt"]

length = len(variable)
list = [x[length:] for x in list]

编辑列表以删除定义的变量以及字符之后和包括字符的所有内容

Edit a list to remove a defined variable and everything after and including a character

python

list

edit