为什么无法访问？

Question

我想在 iOS 模拟器上访问公司内部的 https 页面。可以在 safari 上访问此页面。但是WKWebView无法访问。程序报如下错误。

An SSL error has occurred and a secure connection to the server cannot be made.

TLS 版本为 TLSv1.2。

如果我设置 NSAllowsArbitraryLoads，我可以访问。但是我觉得这样不好。

我的代码如下。

//
//  ViewController.swift
//  TestClient
//
//  Created by 平塚 俊輔 on 2015/12/07.
//  Copyright © 2015年 平塚 俊輔. All rights reserved.
//

//1.WebKit Frameworkをimportする
import WebKit

class ViewController: UIViewController, WKNavigationDelegate {

    //2.WKWebviewの宣言！
    var _webkitview: WKWebView?

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

        //3.WebKitのインスタンス作成!
        self._webkitview = WKWebView()

        //4.ここでWebKitをviewに紐付け
        self.view = self._webkitview!
        self._webkitview!.navigationDelegate = self
        //5.URL作って、表示させる！
        var url = NSURL(string:"https:/******")
        var req = NSURLRequest(URL:url!)
        self._webkitview!.loadRequest(req)
    }

    // MARK: WKNavigationDelegate
    func webView(webView: WKWebView, didStartProvisionalNavigation navigation: WKNavigation!) {
        NSLog("Start")
    }

    func webView(webView: WKWebView!, didFailNavigation navigation: WKNavigation!, withError error: NSError!) {
        NSLog("Failed Navigation %@", error.localizedDescription)
    }

    func webView(webView: WKWebView!, didFinishNavigation navigation: WKNavigation!) {
        // Finish navigation
        NSLog("Finish Navigation")
        NSLog("Title:%@ URL:%@", webView.title!, webView.URL!)

        // Run Javascript(For local)
//        webView.evaluateJavaScript("var el=document.getElementById('user');el.style.backgroundColor='yellow';", nil)
    }

    func webView(webView: WKWebView, didFailProvisionalNavigation navigation: WKNavigation!, withError error: NSError) {
        print(error)
    }

    override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
        super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
        // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
    }
}

这是什么问题？

顺便说一句，我可以在真机上访问。我无法仅在模拟器上访问。

Answer 1

在 iOS9 中，Apple 引入了应用程序传输安全 (ATS)，它可以阻止来自 iOS 个应用程序的所有不安全的 HTTP 流量。

要禁用 ATS，您可以按照以下快速步骤操作：右键单击 Info.plist 和 select view as>source code，然后添加以下行：

<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
  <!--Include to allow all connections (DANGER)-->
  <key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
      <true/>
</dict>

但这不是推荐的方法。您必须为要访问的域添加例外，例如：

<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
  <key>NSExceptionDomains</key>
  <dict>
    <key>yourserver.com</key>
    <dict>
      <!--Include to allow subdomains-->
      <key>NSIncludesSubdomains</key>
      <true/>
      <!--Include to allow HTTP requests-->
      <key>NSTemporaryExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads</key>
      <true/>
      <!--Include to specify minimum TLS version-->
      <key>NSTemporaryExceptionMinimumTLSVersion</key>
      <string>TLSv1.1</string>
    </dict>
  </dict>
</dict>

您可以在

中找到您需要的所有信息

Answer 2

应用程序传输安全涉及的不仅仅是 HTTPS (TLS)。它还涉及可能允许或不允许的特定类型的密码和证书。

您可以在此处找到详细信息：

https://developer.apple.com/library/prerelease/ios/documentation/General/Reference/InfoPlistKeyReference/Articles/CocoaKeys.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40009251-SW35

Requirements for Connecting Using ATS

The requirements for a web service connection to use App Transport Security (ATS) involve the server, connection ciphers, and certificates, as follows:

Certificates must be signed with one of the following types of keys:

Secure Hash Algorithm 2 (SHA-2) key with a digest length of at least 256 (that is, SHA-256 or greater)

Elliptic-Curve Cryptography (ECC) key with a size of at least 256 bits

Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) key with a length of at least 2048 bits

An invalid certificate results in a hard failure and no connection.

The following connection ciphers support forward secrecy (FS) and work with ATS:

TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384 TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384 TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA

"good" 选项是重新配置您的服务器以使用适当的密码和证书。否则，您可以针对所有站点或仅针对特定域 and/or 子域全局或更细化地禁用检查。 "tighter" 异常越多越好。

为什么无法访问？

Why couldn't access?

ios

swift

app-transport-security