阿拉伯语 nltk pos 标记中的未知符号

Question

我使用 nltk 对一些阿拉伯语文本进行了分词

但是，我最终得到了一些结果，例如

(你是阿拉伯语 character/word', '``') 或者 (u'an arabic character/word', ':')

但是，他们没有在文档中提供 `` 或 : 。

因此我想知道这是什么

from nltk.toeknize.punkt import PunktWordTokenizer 

z = "أنا تسلق شجرة"
tkn = PunkWordTokenizer
sen = tkn.tokenize(z)
tokens = nltk.pos_tag(sent)

print tokens

Answer 1

默认的 NLTK POS 标签是在英文文本上训练的，据说是用于英文文本处理，请参阅 http://www.nltk.org/_modules/nltk/tag.html。文档：

An off-the-shelf tagger is available.  It uses the Penn Treebank tagset:

    >>> from nltk.tag import pos_tag  # doctest: +SKIP
    >>> from nltk.tokenize import word_tokenize # doctest: +SKIP
    >>> pos_tag(word_tokenize("John's big idea isn't all that bad.")) # doctest: +SKIP
    [('John', 'NNP'), ("'s", 'POS'), ('big', 'JJ'), ('idea', 'NN'), ('is',
    'VBZ'), ("n't", 'RB'), ('all', 'DT'), ('that', 'DT'), ('bad', 'JJ'),
    ('.', '.')]

以及 pos_tag 的代码：

from nltk.data import load


# Standard treebank POS tagger
_POS_TAGGER = 'taggers/maxent_treebank_pos_tagger/english.pickle'
def pos_tag(tokens):
    """
    Use NLTK's currently recommended part of speech tagger to
    tag the given list of tokens.

        >>> from nltk.tag import pos_tag # doctest: +SKIP
        >>> from nltk.tokenize import word_tokenize # doctest: +SKIP
        >>> pos_tag(word_tokenize("John's big idea isn't all that bad.")) # doctest: +SKIP
        [('John', 'NNP'), ("'s", 'POS'), ('big', 'JJ'), ('idea', 'NN'), ('is',
        'VBZ'), ("n't", 'RB'), ('all', 'DT'), ('that', 'DT'), ('bad', 'JJ'),
        ('.', '.')]

    :param tokens: Sequence of tokens to be tagged
    :type tokens: list(str)
    :return: The tagged tokens
    :rtype: list(tuple(str, str))
    """
    tagger = load(_POS_TAGGER)
    return tagger.tag(tokens)

这对我来说很有用，可以让 Stanford 工具在 Ubuntu 14.4.1 上的 python 中运行：

$ cd ~
$ wget http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/stanford-postagger-full-2015-01-29.zip
$ unzip stanford-postagger-full-2015-01-29.zip
$ wget http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/stanford-segmenter-2015-01-29.zip
$ unzip /stanford-segmenter-2015-01-29.zip
$ python

然后：

from nltk.tag.stanford import POSTagger
path_to_model= '/home/alvas/stanford-postagger-full-2015-01-30/models/arabic.tagger'
path_to_jar = '/home/alvas/stanford-postagger-full-2015-01-30/stanford-postagger-3.5.1.jar'

artagger = POSTagger(path_to_model, path_to_jar, encoding='utf8')
artagger._SEPARATOR = '/'
tagged_sent = artagger.tag(u"أنا تسلق شجرة")
print(tagged_sent)

[输出]:

$ python3 test.py
[('أ', 'NN'), ('ن', 'NN'), ('ا', 'NN'), ('ت', 'NN'), ('س', 'RP'), ('ل', 'IN'), ('ق', 'NN'), ('ش', 'NN'), ('ج', 'NN'), ('ر', 'NN'), ('ة', 'PRP')]

如果您在使用 Stanford 词性标注器时遇到 java 问题，请参阅 DELPH-IN wiki：http://moin.delph-in.net/ZhongPreprocessing

阿拉伯语 nltk pos 标记中的未知符号

Unknown symbol in nltk pos tagging for Arabic

python

nlp

nltk

stanford-nlp

pos-tagger