DELETE with NOT IN (SELECT ...) 的性能

Question

我有这两个表，想从 ms_author 中删除作者中不存在的所有作者。

author（160 万行）

+-------+-------------+------+-----+-------+
| Field | Type        | Null | Key | index |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+-------+
| id    | text        | NO   | PRI | true  |
| name  | text        | YES  |     |       |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+-------+

ms_author（1.2 亿行）

+-------+-------------+------+-----+-------+
| Field | Type        | Null | Key | index |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+-------+
| id    | text        | NO   | PRI |       |
| name  | text        | YES  |     | true  |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+-------+

这是我的查询：

    DELETE
FROM ms_author AS m
WHERE m.name NOT IN
                   (SELECT a.name
                    FROM author AS a);

我试着估计查询持续时间：~ 130 小时。
有没有更快的方法来实现这个目标？

编辑：

EXPLAIN VERBOSE输出

Delete on public.ms_author m  (cost=0.00..2906498718724.75 rows=59946100 width=6)"
  ->  Seq Scan on public.ms_author m  (cost=0.00..2906498718724.75 rows=59946100 width=6)"
        Output: m.ctid"
        Filter: (NOT (SubPlan 1))"
        SubPlan 1"
          ->  Materialize  (cost=0.00..44334.43 rows=1660295 width=15)"
                Output: a.name"
                ->  Seq Scan on public.author a  (cost=0.00..27925.95 rows=1660295 width=15)"
                      Output: a.name"

索引作者（name）：

create index author_name on author(name);

索引 ms_author(名称):

create index ms_author_name on ms_author(name);

Answer 1

您使用 NOT IN 的删除查询通常会导致嵌套循环反连接，从而导致性能不佳。您可以按如下方式重写您的查询：

你可以这样写：

DELETE FROM ms_author AS m
WHERE m.id IN
               (SELECT m.id FROM ms_author AS m
                LEFT JOIN author AS a ON m.name = a.name
                WHERE a.name IS NULL);

这种方法还有一个额外的优势，那就是您使用主键 'id' 来删除行，这应该快得多。

Answer 2

我是 "anti-join." 的忠实粉丝这对大型和小型数据集都有效：

delete from ms_author ma
where not exists (
  select null
  from author a
  where ma.name = a.name
)

DELETE with NOT IN (SELECT ...) 的性能

Performance of DELETE with NOT IN (SELECT ...)

sql

postgresql

sql-delete

postgresql-performance