无法访问 Django REST 视图

Question

我正在阅读有关 Django Rest Framework 的一些资料，但发现它很难实施。有一个名为 "highscores.html" 的页面，加载后，应该向 RESTful 服务发出 GET 请求。 which returns 该用户的高分列表。相关代码如下：

views.py:

from gamestore.serializers import ScoreSerializer
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
from rest_framework.response import Response

..

# display high scores
@api_view(['GET'])
def highscores(request, id):

        print("INSIDE HIGH SCORES")
        userobj = request.user
        gameobj = Games.objects.get(pk=id)
        scoreobj = Scores.objects.filter(game=gameobj, player=userobj)

        if request.method == 'GET':
                #print(scoreobj[0].game)
                serializer = ScoreSerializer(scoreobj)
                return Response(serializer.data, template_name='gamestore/highscores.html')

models.py:

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db import models

class Usertypes(models.Model):
        user = models.OneToOneField(User)
        usertype = models.TextField()

        def __unicode__(self):
                return self.user_name

class Games(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=100,unique=True)
        category = models.CharField(max_length=100)
        url = models.URLField()
        developer = models.ForeignKey(User)
        price = models.FloatField()

        def __unicode__(self):
                return self.name

class Scores(models.Model):
        game = models.ForeignKey(Games)
        player = models.ForeignKey(User)
        registration_date = models.DateField(auto_now=False, auto_now_add=False)
        gamestate = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
        high_score_1 = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0)
        high_score_2 = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0)
        high_score_3 = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0)
        high_score_4 = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0)
        high_score_5 = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0)
        last_score = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0)


        def __unicode__(self):
                return self.game

serializers.py:

from rest_framework import serializers
from gamestore.models import Scores

    class ScoreSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

            class Meta:
                    model = Scores
                    fields = ('game', 'player', 'high_score_1', 'high_score_2', 'high_score_3', 'high_score_4', 'high_score_5')

highscores.html:

$(document).ready(function(){
        var game = $(this);
        var id = document.getElementById("gameid").value;
        alert(id);
        var csrftoken = getCookie('csrftoken');
        $.ajax({
             type : "GET",
             url : "/highscores/",
             data : {'id': id},
             dataType : "json",
             success : function(data){
             console.log(data);
        }
        });
         event.preventDefault();

});

实际上，我完全被整个主题搞糊涂了，无法理解如何在 highscore.html 文件的 "highscores" 视图中呈现响应。当我运行使用服务器时，我收到 404 Not Found 错误。 "highscores" 视图显然甚至没有被访问，因为 "INSIDE HIGH SCORES" 行没有显示在服务器中。作为教程，我遵循了这篇文章，https://realpython.com/blog/python/django-rest-framework-quick-start/#drf-setup 这看起来很简单，但我不明白很多事情，比如渲染输出、它的格式（例如 JSON）等。有人可以帮忙吗？即使是 link 一个易于理解的初学者文档也会很有用。提前致谢！

编辑：

urls.py:

from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
from django.contrib import admin
import gamestore.views

urlpatterns = patterns('',
        # Examples:
        # url(r'^$', 'wsdProject.views.home', name='home'),
        # url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls')),

        url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
        url(r'^$','gamestore.views.home'),
        url(r'^login/','gamestore.views.login_view'),
        url(r'^logout/','gamestore.views.logout_view'),
        url(r'^registration/','gamestore.views.registration'),
        url(r'^addgame/','gamestore.views.addgame'),
        url(r'^devhome/','gamestore.views.devhome'),
        url(r'^gamestats/','gamestore.views.gamestats'),
        url(r'^savegamestate/','gamestore.views.savegamestate'),
        url(r'^loadgamestate/','gamestore.views.loadgamestate'),
        url(r'^editgame/(?P<id>\d+)/','gamestore.views.editgame'),
        url(r'^delete/(?P<id>\d+)/','gamestore.views.deletegame'),
        url(r'^loadgame/(?P<id>\d+)/','gamestore.views.loadgame'),
        url(r'^loadhighscores/(?P<id>\d+)/','gamestore.views.loadhighscores'),
        url(r'^highscores/(?P<id>\d+)/','gamestore.views.highscores'),
        url(r'^gamestore/', include('gamestore.urls', namespace="gamestore")),
        url(r'^api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework'))
)

Answer 1

好的，你有这个 url 规则 url(r'^highscores/(?P<id>\d+)/'。

所以在你的 ajax 调用中，你的 url 只是 "/highscores/" 并且你正在使用 GET 参数发送 id，所以你的最终 urls 看起来像 "/highscores/?id=some_id"，这是错误的。您的 url 应该看起来像这样 "/highscores/some_id" 。您需要附加 ID。 "/highscores/"+id

$(document).ready(function(){
                                var game = $(this);
                                var id = document.getElementById("gameid").value;
                                alert(id);
                                var csrftoken = getCookie('csrftoken');
                                $.ajax({
                                        type : "GET",
                                        url : "/highscores/"+id,

                                        dataType : "json",
                                        success : function(data){
                                                console.log(data);
                                        }
                                });
                                event.preventDefault();
                        });

此外，在您看来，您发送的是 html 模板作为响应，应该是 JSON 响应。只需删除 template_name 参数。

return Response(serializer.data)

无法访问 Django REST 视图

Unable to access Django REST view

python

django

rest

django-rest-framework