差异两个转速？ -- linux

Question

对我的基线 (java/ C++) 进行了一些未知更改并安装在新的 rpm 中。我想要一种方法来将此 rpm 的内容与旧的 rpm 的内容进行比较，以查看所做的更改。这可能吗？

如果没有简单的方法来做到这一点，是否有办法获取其中按日期组织的 rpm 文件名的内容列表？

Answer 1

如果您有以前的 rpm 包文件，您可以将其解压，例如，使用 unrpm 到一个临时目录并使用 diff -r 比较结果。

这是我在 ncurses 的两个开发版本之间制作的示例：

#!/bin/sh

failed() {
    echo "? $*" >&2
    exit 1
}

# get the package filename as parameter, defaulting to one used for example
oldpkg=$(readlink -f "${1:-/tmp/ncurses6-6.0-20150926.x86_64.rpm}")
pkgname=$(rpm -qip "$oldpkg" 2>/dev/null | awk '/^Name .*:/ { print ; exit 0; }')

[ -f "$oldpkg" ] || failed "no package file found: $oldpkg"
[ -n "$pkgname" ] || failed "no package name found in $oldpkg"

# The tags for this question are "linux" and "rpm", so mktemp and bash are assumed.
tempdir=$(mktemp -d "${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/pkgcompare.XXXXXX")
trap 'rm -rf "$tempdir"' EXIT ERR

# Fedora sets CDPATH, which would echo (cancel that).
unset CDPATH

mkdir -p "$tempdir"/{new-version,old-version}

cd "$tempdir/new-version" || exit
# the query returns absolute pathnames beginning with "/"
rpm -ql "$pkgname" | while :
do
    read path
    [ -z "$path" ] && break
    [ -d "$path" ] && mkdir -p ".$path"
    [ -f "$path" ] && mkdir -p "./${path%/*}"
    [ -f "$path" ] && cp -p "$path" ".$path"
done

cd "$tempdir/old-version" || exit
rpm2cpio "$oldpkg" | cpio -i -d 2>/dev/null

cd $tempdir || exit
# I would usually pipe this into diffstat, but you may want the actual diffs
diff -r -u -N old-version new-version | diffstat

和输出（只剩下diffstat，其他输出被抑制）：

 bin/ncursesw6-config           |    2 +-
 include/ncursesw6/curses.h     |    8 ++++----
 include/ncursesw6/ncurses.h    |    8 ++++----
 lib64/libncurses++w6.so        |binary
 lib64/libncurses++w6.so.6      |binary
 lib64/libncurses++w6.so.6.0    |binary
 lib64/libncursesw6.so          |binary
 lib64/libncursesw6.so.6        |binary
 lib64/libncursesw6.so.6.0      |binary
 lib64/libtinfow6.so            |binary
 lib64/libtinfow6.so.6          |binary
 lib64/libtinfow6.so.6.0        |binary
 lib64/pkgconfig/formw6.pc      |    2 +-
 lib64/pkgconfig/menuw6.pc      |    2 +-
 lib64/pkgconfig/ncurses++w6.pc |    2 +-
 lib64/pkgconfig/ncursesw6.pc   |    2 +-
 lib64/pkgconfig/panelw6.pc     |    2 +-
 lib64/pkgconfig/ticw6.pc       |    2 +-
 lib64/pkgconfig/tinfow6.pc     |    2 +-
 19 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

您当然可以对两个 rpm 包应用相同的方法；这个问题很明显，一个已经安装，另一个可以访问。

Answer 2

尝试pkgdiff可视化 RPM 包之间的差异：

pkgdiff PKG-0.rpm PKG-1.rpm

如果您比较 SRC.RPM 那么该工具也会提取并比较内部 tarball（除非定义了 -skip-subarchives 选项）。

Answer 3

要严格比较两个 rpm 文件（我们称它们为 one.rpm 和 another.rpm），您我想检查 digests of the constituent files as well as check the pre- and post-[un]install scripts（因为这些脚本可能会修改系统状态）：

$ diff <(rpm -q --dump --scripts -p one.rpm) <(rpm -q --dump --scripts -p another.rpm)

您可能还想比较 signatories（如果有的话）：

$ diff <(rpm -q --qf '%{SIGPGP:pgpsig}\n%{SIGPGP:armor}\n' -p one.rpm) <(rpm -q --qf '%{SIGPGP:pgpsig}\n%{SIGPGP:armor}\n' -p another.rpm)

（或者，if you're especially pedantic:

$ diff <(rpm -q --qf '%{DSAHEADER:pgpsig}\n%{DSAHEADER:armor}\n%{RSAHEADER:pgpsig}\n%{DSAHEADER:armor}\n%{SIGGPG:pgpsig}\n%{SIGGPG:armor}\n%{SIGPGP:pgpsig}\n%{SIGPGP:armor}\n' -p one.rpm) <(rpm -q --qf '%{DSAHEADER:pgpsig}\n%{DSAHEADER:armor}\n%{RSAHEADER:pgpsig}\n%{DSAHEADER:armor}\n%{SIGGPG:pgpsig}\n%{SIGGPG:armor}\n%{SIGPGP:pgpsig}\n%{SIGPGP:armor}\n' -p another.rpm)
)

差异两个转速？ -- linux

diff two rpms? -- linux

linux

diff

rpm