Django 1.8.3 运行 数据库创建测试失败
Django 1.8.3 Running test fails on database creation
我正在尝试 运行 "manage.py test" 但我收到以下错误消息：
(env)user@comp:~/Documents/repo/cloud/webapp$ python manage.py test
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 338, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 330, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py", line 30, in run_from_argv
super(Command, self).run_from_argv(argv)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 393, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py", line 74, in execute
super(Command, self).execute(*args, **options)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 444, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py", line 90, in handle
failures = test_runner.run_tests(test_labels)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/runner.py", line 210, in run_tests
old_config = self.setup_databases()
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/runner.py", line 166, in setup_databases
**kwargs
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/runner.py", line 370, in setup_databases
serialize=connection.settings_dict.get("TEST", {}).get("SERIALIZE", True),
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/creation.py", line 368, in create_test_db
test_flush=not keepdb,
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 120, in call_command
return command.execute(*args, **defaults)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 444, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 179, in handle
created_models = self.sync_apps(connection, executor.loader.unmigrated_apps)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 317, in sync_apps
cursor.execute(statement)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 97, in __exit__
six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 62, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql)
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: relation "auth_user" does not exist
我有一个自定义用户模型。我读到出现此问题是因为 Django 在迁移 auth 之前迁移了您的应用程序，这会导致错误，因为自定义用户模型引用了 auth.user 模型。但是我没有找到解决办法。
首先尝试执行以下命令：
$ python manage.py makemigrations
$ python manage.py migrate
$ python manage.py syncdb
如果您对 models.py 中的模型定义进行任何更改，您必须 运行 SQL 迁移查询以将数据库移动到新模型。
您的应用中有一个模型没有迁移，外键指向 auth.User。如 the docs 中所述：
Be aware, however, that unmigrated apps cannot depend on migrated apps, by the very nature of not having migrations. This means that it is not generally possible to have an unmigrated app have a ForeignKey or ManyToManyField to a migrated app; some cases may work, but it will eventually fail.
您必须将带有外键的应用程序的迁移添加到您的用户模型。
我正在尝试 运行 "manage.py test" 但我收到以下错误消息：
(env)user@comp:~/Documents/repo/cloud/webapp$ python manage.py test
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 338, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 330, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py", line 30, in run_from_argv
super(Command, self).run_from_argv(argv)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 393, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py", line 74, in execute
super(Command, self).execute(*args, **options)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 444, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py", line 90, in handle
failures = test_runner.run_tests(test_labels)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/runner.py", line 210, in run_tests
old_config = self.setup_databases()
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/runner.py", line 166, in setup_databases
**kwargs
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/runner.py", line 370, in setup_databases
serialize=connection.settings_dict.get("TEST", {}).get("SERIALIZE", True),
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/creation.py", line 368, in create_test_db
test_flush=not keepdb,
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 120, in call_command
return command.execute(*args, **defaults)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 444, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 179, in handle
created_models = self.sync_apps(connection, executor.loader.unmigrated_apps)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 317, in sync_apps
cursor.execute(statement)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 97, in __exit__
six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
File "/home/user/.virtualenvs/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 62, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql)
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: relation "auth_user" does not exist
我有一个自定义用户模型。我读到出现此问题是因为 Django 在迁移 auth 之前迁移了您的应用程序，这会导致错误，因为自定义用户模型引用了 auth.user 模型。但是我没有找到解决办法。
首先尝试执行以下命令：
$ python manage.py makemigrations
$ python manage.py migrate
$ python manage.py syncdb
如果您对 models.py 中的模型定义进行任何更改，您必须 运行 SQL 迁移查询以将数据库移动到新模型。
您的应用中有一个模型没有迁移，外键指向 auth.User。如 the docs 中所述：
Be aware, however, that unmigrated apps cannot depend on migrated apps, by the very nature of not having migrations. This means that it is not generally possible to have an unmigrated app have a ForeignKey or ManyToManyField to a migrated app; some cases may work, but it will eventually fail.
您必须将带有外键的应用程序的迁移添加到您的用户模型。