我怎样才能生成依赖于它们的前辈的例程?

How can I spawn go routines that depend on their predecessors?

例如,我要填充此矩阵:

| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 0 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 0 | 3 | 4 | 5 |

具体来说,我想填充它以便每个单元格都遵循规则,

在英语中,单元格的值比其 toplefttopleft 邻居值的最大值大一。

因为每个单元格只有三个依赖项(它的 toplefttopleft 邻居),我可以填充位于 m[1][1] 的单元格(1),填充后,我可以填充标记为 2 的单元格,因为它们的所有依赖项都已填充。

| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |          | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |   ---\   | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |   ---/   | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |          | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |

我如何启动 1 个 go routine,然后是 2,然后是 3,然后是 4...,来填充这个矩阵的每个对角线?也许更具体地说,我如何才能在开始依赖单元格之前等待邻居完成?

[编辑]:感谢@Zippoxer 的评论!为了澄清,我问的是 Go to 运行 a go-routine that depends on another finishing first 中的语法是什么。因为当一个go-routine完成时可以启动多个新的go-routines,所以它不是简单的调用没有并发的事情!

使用channels.

一个 goroutine 正在等待另一个 goroutine:

done := make(chan bool)

go func() {
  // Work...
  done <- true // Signal we're done.
}()

go func() {
  <- done // Wait for the previous goroutine to signal.
  // Work...
}()

希望这是一个人为的例子,因为这绝对不是最快的解决方案,但也许这就是您想要的。

每个cell运行在自己的goroutine中,有自己的channel,大致代表了它的依赖关系。一旦从其通道读取三个值,单元就会知道其依赖关系已全部解决。当一个单元格完成时,它会将一些值传递给其所有依赖项的通道。

import "sync"

type empty struct{}

func contrivedMathThing(i, j int) ([][]int) {

    var wg sync.WaitGroup
    wg.Add(i * j)

    // Make two-dimensional slices for the channels that the goroutines will
    // wait on, and for the results of each cell. Two dimensional slices are
    // more annoying to make, but I think make the example a bit more clear.
    chans := make([][]chan empty, i)
    results := make([][]int, i)
    for a := 0; a < i; a++ {
        chans[a] = make([]chan empty, j)
        results[a] = make([]int, j)
        for b := 0; b < j; b++ {
            chans[a][b] = make(chan empty, 3)
        }
    }

    for a := 0; a < i; a++ {
        for b := 0; b < j; b++ {
            go func(a, b int, waitc <-chan empty) {
                defer wg.Done()

                // Wait for all dependencies to complete
                <-waitc
                <-waitc
                <-waitc

                // Compute the result
                // Too lazy to write...

                // Save the result to the results array
                results[a][b] = result

                // Signal all dependents that one of their dependencies has
                // resolved
                if a < i - 1 {
                    chans[a + 1][b] <- empty{} 
                }
                if b < j - 1 {
                    chans[a][b + 1] <- empty{}
                }
                if a < i - 1 && b < j - 1 {
                    chans[a + 1][b + 1] <- empty{}
                }

            }(a, b, chans[a][b])
        }
    }

    // All cells in the first row and first column need to start out with two
    // of their dependencies satisfied.
    for a := 1; a < i; a++ {
        chans[a][0] <- empty{}
        chans[a][0] <- empty{}
    }
    for b := 1; b < j; b++ {
        chans[0][b] <- empty{}
        chans[0][b] <- empty{}
    }

    // Unblock the cell at [0][0] so this show can get started
    close(chans[0][0])

    wg.Wait()

    return results
}