如何在 Python 和 Kivy 中处理多个界面的屏幕管理器？

Question

我是 Python Kivy 的早期初学者，我想构建一个具有多个接口的接口。

我决定从一个非常简单的应用程序开始，该应用程序包含挑战音阶。

第一个界面（class AskUser）有 2 个按钮：音阶（class 音阶）和音调（class 音调）。

在界面音阶中，用户定义音阶的音程（7 个音符的音阶），在调性界面中他给出调性。

我成功地对每个界面进行了编程，但我没有成功通过单击第一个界面上的相应按钮来启动界面音阶和音调。（见下面的代码）

有人有解决此问题的简单解决方案吗？提前谢谢你。

from kivy.app import App
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager, Screen
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.uix.floatlayout import FloatLayout
from kivy.uix.gridlayout import GridLayout
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.uix.widget import Widget
from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.uix.textinput import TextInput
from kivy.uix.popup import Popup

user_interface=Builder.load_string('''
BoxLayout:
orientation: 'vertical'
Label:
    size_hint_y: 0.2
    font_size: 20
GridLayout:
    padding: 50
    spacing: 10
    cols: 3
    rows: 3
    Button:
        text: 'Scale'
    Button:
        text: 'Tonality'
''')

class AskUser(App):
def build(self):
    return user_interface
 AskUser().run()


class Scale(BoxLayout):
def build(self):
    self.orientation='vertical'
    self.spacing=20
    self.haut()
    self.chiffres()
    self.BoutonValider=Button(text='Valider',size_hint=(0.5,0.15),pos_hint={'right': 0.75},background_color=[0,0,1])
    self.BoutonValider.bind(on_press=self.valider)
    self.add_widget(self.BoutonValider)

def haut(self):
    Layout1=GridLayout(cols=2,size_hint_y=0.2,padding=20)
    scale='Scale=?'
    self.scale=Label(text=scale,font_size=30, color=[1,1,1,1])
    Layout1.add_widget(self.scale)
    self.reponse=''
    self.user_reponse = TextInput(text=self.reponse,font_size=30)
    Layout1.add_widget(self.user_reponse)
    self.add_widget(Layout1)

def chiffres(self):

    Layout2=GridLayout(cols=2,size_hint_y=0.5,spacing=10)

    self.Bouton1=Button(text='1')
    self.Bouton1.bind(on_press=self.nombre)
    Layout2.add_widget(self.Bouton1)

    self.Bouton2=Button(text='2')
    self.Bouton2.bind(on_press=self.nombre)
    Layout2.add_widget(self.Bouton2)

    self.Bouton3=Button(text='3')
    self.Bouton3.bind(on_press=self.nombre)
    Layout2.add_widget(self.Bouton3)

    self.Bouton4=Button(text='4')
    self.Bouton4.bind(on_press=self.nombre)
    Layout2.add_widget(self.Bouton4)

    self.add_widget(Layout2)

def nombre(self,instance):
    self.reponse+=str(int((instance.text)))
    self.user_reponse.text=(self.reponse)

def valider(self,instance):
    reponse=((self.user_reponse.text))
    sum_scale = sum([int(i) for i in str(reponse)])

    if sum_scale ==12 and len(reponse)==7:

        content = Button(text='Scale ok !', font_size=50)
        popup = Popup(title='',content=content, size_hint=(0.5,0.5))
        content.bind(on_press=popup.dismiss)
        popup.open()
    else :

        content = Button(text='Not a 12 tones scale !', font_size=50)
        popup = Popup(title='',content=content, size_hint=(0.5,0.5))
        content.bind(on_press=popup.dismiss)
        self.reponse=''
        popup.open()

class Tonality(BoxLayout):
def build(self):
    self.orientation='vertical'
    self.spacing=20
    self.haut()
    self.chiffres()
    self.BoutonValider=Button(text='Valider',size_hint=(0.5,0.15),pos_hint={'right': 0.75},background_color=[0,0,1])
    self.BoutonValider.bind(on_press=self.valider)
    self.add_widget(self.BoutonValider)

def haut(self):
    Layout1=GridLayout(cols=2,size_hint_y=0.2,padding=20)
    scale='Tonality=?'
    self.scale=Label(text=scale,font_size=30, color=[1,1,1,1])
    Layout1.add_widget(self.scale)
    self.reponse=''
    self.user_reponse = TextInput(text=self.reponse,font_size=30)
    Layout1.add_widget(self.user_reponse)
    self.add_widget(Layout1)

def chiffres(self):

    Layout2=GridLayout(cols=2,size_hint_y=0.5,spacing=10)

    self.Bouton1=Button(text='c')
    self.Bouton1.bind(on_press=self.nombre)
    Layout2.add_widget(self.Bouton1)

    self.Bouton2=Button(text='c#')
    self.Bouton2.bind(on_press=self.nombre)
    Layout2.add_widget(self.Bouton2)

    self.Bouton3=Button(text='d')
    self.Bouton3.bind(on_press=self.nombre)
    Layout2.add_widget(self.Bouton3)

    self.Bouton4=Button(text='d#')
    self.Bouton4.bind(on_press=self.nombre)
    Layout2.add_widget(self.Bouton4)

    self.add_widget(Layout2)

def nombre(self,instance):
    self.reponse=instance.text
    self.user_reponse.text=(self.reponse)

def valider(self,instance):
    reponse=((self.user_reponse.text))
    if len(reponse)<3:
        content = Button(text='Tonality ok !', font_size=50)
        popup = Popup(title='',content=content, size_hint=(0.5,0.5))
        content.bind(on_press=popup.dismiss)
        popup.open()

class scaleApp(App):

def build(self):

    Panel1=Scale()
    Panel1.build()

    Panel2=Tonality()
    Panel2.build()

    return Panel1

if __name__ == '__main__':
    scaleApp().run()

Answer 1

解决方案：

from kivy.app import App
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager, Screen
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.uix.floatlayout import FloatLayout
from kivy.uix.gridlayout import GridLayout
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.uix.widget import Widget
from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.uix.textinput import TextInput
from kivy.uix.popup import Popup

Builder.load_string('''
<user_interface>:
    orientation: 'vertical'
    Label:
        size_hint_y: 0.2
        font_size: 20
    GridLayout:
        padding: 50
        spacing: 10
        cols: 3
        rows: 3
        Button:
            text: 'Scale'
        Button:
            text: 'Tonality'
''')

class user_interface(BoxLayout):
    pass

class AskUser(App):
    def build(self):
        return user_interface()

AskUser().run()

如何在 Python 和 Kivy 中处理多个界面的屏幕管理器？

How to handle screen manager for multiple interfaces in Python and Kivy?

python

kivy