如何在 selenium Chrome 功能中设置默认下载目录？
How to set default download directory in selenium Chrome Capabilities?
请找到以下具有 chrome 功能的代码。实际上浏览器并没有将文件下载到指定路径。
private static DesiredCapabilities getChromeCapabilities() throws Exception {
String chromePath = BrowserUtil.class.getResource("/Browserdrivers/chromedriver.exe").getPath();
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", chromePath);
String downloadFilepath = "C:\TestDownloads";
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
HashMap<String, Object> chromePrefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
chromePrefs.put("profile.default_content_settings.popups", 0);
chromePrefs.put("download.default_directory", downloadFilepath);
options.setExperimentalOption("prefs", chromePrefs);
options.addArguments("--test-type");
options.addArguments("start-maximized", "disable-popup-blocking");
DesiredCapabilities chromeCapabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
setProxy(chromeCapabilities);
chromeCapabilities.setPlatform(Platform.WINDOWS);
chromeCapabilities.setCapability("name", MDC.get("testname"));
chromeCapabilities.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);
return chromeCapabilities;
}
对于 Chromedriver 尝试：
String downloadFilepath = "/path/to/download";
HashMap<String, Object> chromePrefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
chromePrefs.put("profile.default_content_settings.popups", 0);
chromePrefs.put("download.default_directory", downloadFilepath);
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("prefs", chromePrefs);
DesiredCapabilities cap = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
cap.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true);
cap.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(cap);
注意：- 使用 File.separator 来处理斜杠，它会根据 os 执行代码来放置语法。
在 windows 中，您需要使用 \\ 作为路径，而如果您使用 linux 或 mac，则使用 //
希望这对您有所帮助。 :)
帮助我在 Windows 上解决此问题的答案：(https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromedriver/issues/detail?id=783).
Map<String, Object> prefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
prefs.put("download.default_directory", System.getProperty("user.dir")+ File.separator + "externalFiles" + File.separator + "downloadFiles");
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("prefs", prefs);
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
为了让它更简洁、更简单，我开发了一个 library，它可以让你生成一个 ChromeOptions 对象，它在一行中包含你的下载文件夹。例如，要定义“/tmp/downloads”，请使用：
private SeleniumDownloadKPI seleniumDownloadKPI;
@BeforeEach
void setUpTest() {
// New instance of SeleniumDownloadKPI with given download folder.
seleniumDownloadKPI =
new SeleniumDownloadKPI("/tmp/downloads");
ChromeOptions chromeOptions =
seleniumDownloadKPI.generateDownloadFolderCapability();
driver = new ChromeDriver(chromeOptions);
library 还包含允许接收下载 KPI 和执行断言的方法。
对于 Chrome 驱动程序，以下代码适用于我
String downloadFilepath = "/path/to/download";
HashMap<String, Object> chromePrefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
chromePrefs.put("profile.default_content_settings.popups", 0);
chromePrefs.put("download.default_directory", downloadFilepath);
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("prefs", chromePrefs);
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
对于看到此页面的 Python 用户——这是我在 Python Selenium 中设置下载目录的方式（这只是 Shubham 接受的答案的 Python 版本）：
def newChromeBrowser(headless=True, downloadPath=None):
""" Helper function that creates a new Selenium browser """
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
if headless:
options.add_argument('headless')
if downloadPath is not None:
prefs = {}
os.makedirs(downloadPath)
prefs["profile.default_content_settings.popups"]=0
prefs["download.default_directory"]=downloadPath
options.add_experimental_option("prefs", prefs)
browser = webdriver.Chrome(options=options, executable_path=CHROMEDRIVER_PATH)
return browser
2020 年更新：
Chrome: v84
Chrome驱动程序：v83
JDK：打开JDK 11 (LTS)
使用 Paths class 作为 platform-independent 文件分隔符。
@Test
public void doFileDownload() throws Throwable {
// Since Java 7: Relative path from project root dir
// Put in target dir to avoid committing downloaded files
var downloadDir = Paths.get("target").toAbsolutePath().toString();
var prefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
prefs.put("download.default_directory", downloadDir); // Bypass default download directory in Chrome
prefs.put("safebrowsing.enabled", "false"); // Bypass warning message, keep file anyway (for .exe, .jar, etc.)
var opts = new ChromeOptions();
opts.setHeadless(true);
opts.setExperimentalOption("prefs", prefs);
var driver = new ChromeDriver(opts); // ChromeDriver binary is added to PATH env var
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.get("https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/download");
var downloadLink = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("a[href*='some-file.txt']"));
var downloadHref = downloadLink.getAttribute("href").replace(":", "");
var downloadFileName = Paths.get(downloadHref).getFileName().toString();
downloadLink.click();
// Wait download to finish for 60s
var downloadFilePath = Paths.get(downloadDir, downloadFileName);
new WebDriverWait(driver, 60).until(d -> downloadFilePath.toFile().exists());
// Since Java 11: Read content of downloaded file
var content = Files.readString(downloadFilePath);
// Do tests with string content...
log.info("Content={}", content);
driver.quit();
}
输出：
在任何 运行 之前执行 mvn clean 也会处理必须覆盖现有文件的问题。
pom.xml:
<properties>
<!-- Remove encoding warnings -->
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-server -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-server</artifactId>
<version>3.141.59</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.junit.jupiter/junit-jupiter -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
<version>5.6.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.plugins/maven-compiler-plugin -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<configuration>
<release>11</release>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
请找到以下具有 chrome 功能的代码。实际上浏览器并没有将文件下载到指定路径。
private static DesiredCapabilities getChromeCapabilities() throws Exception {
String chromePath = BrowserUtil.class.getResource("/Browserdrivers/chromedriver.exe").getPath();
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", chromePath);
String downloadFilepath = "C:\TestDownloads";
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
HashMap<String, Object> chromePrefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
chromePrefs.put("profile.default_content_settings.popups", 0);
chromePrefs.put("download.default_directory", downloadFilepath);
options.setExperimentalOption("prefs", chromePrefs);
options.addArguments("--test-type");
options.addArguments("start-maximized", "disable-popup-blocking");
DesiredCapabilities chromeCapabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
setProxy(chromeCapabilities);
chromeCapabilities.setPlatform(Platform.WINDOWS);
chromeCapabilities.setCapability("name", MDC.get("testname"));
chromeCapabilities.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);
return chromeCapabilities;
}
对于 Chromedriver 尝试：
String downloadFilepath = "/path/to/download";
HashMap<String, Object> chromePrefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
chromePrefs.put("profile.default_content_settings.popups", 0);
chromePrefs.put("download.default_directory", downloadFilepath);
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("prefs", chromePrefs);
DesiredCapabilities cap = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
cap.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true);
cap.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(cap);
注意：- 使用 File.separator 来处理斜杠，它会根据 os 执行代码来放置语法。
在 windows 中，您需要使用 \\ 作为路径，而如果您使用 linux 或 mac，则使用 //
希望这对您有所帮助。 :)
帮助我在 Windows 上解决此问题的答案：(https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromedriver/issues/detail?id=783).
Map<String, Object> prefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
prefs.put("download.default_directory", System.getProperty("user.dir")+ File.separator + "externalFiles" + File.separator + "downloadFiles");
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("prefs", prefs);
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
为了让它更简洁、更简单，我开发了一个 library，它可以让你生成一个 ChromeOptions 对象，它在一行中包含你的下载文件夹。例如，要定义“/tmp/downloads”，请使用：
private SeleniumDownloadKPI seleniumDownloadKPI;
@BeforeEach
void setUpTest() {
// New instance of SeleniumDownloadKPI with given download folder.
seleniumDownloadKPI =
new SeleniumDownloadKPI("/tmp/downloads");
ChromeOptions chromeOptions =
seleniumDownloadKPI.generateDownloadFolderCapability();
driver = new ChromeDriver(chromeOptions);
library 还包含允许接收下载 KPI 和执行断言的方法。
对于 Chrome 驱动程序，以下代码适用于我
String downloadFilepath = "/path/to/download";
HashMap<String, Object> chromePrefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
chromePrefs.put("profile.default_content_settings.popups", 0);
chromePrefs.put("download.default_directory", downloadFilepath);
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("prefs", chromePrefs);
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
对于看到此页面的 Python 用户——这是我在 Python Selenium 中设置下载目录的方式（这只是 Shubham 接受的答案的 Python 版本）：
def newChromeBrowser(headless=True, downloadPath=None):
""" Helper function that creates a new Selenium browser """
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
if headless:
options.add_argument('headless')
if downloadPath is not None:
prefs = {}
os.makedirs(downloadPath)
prefs["profile.default_content_settings.popups"]=0
prefs["download.default_directory"]=downloadPath
options.add_experimental_option("prefs", prefs)
browser = webdriver.Chrome(options=options, executable_path=CHROMEDRIVER_PATH)
return browser
2020 年更新：
Chrome: v84
Chrome驱动程序：v83
JDK：打开JDK 11 (LTS)
使用 Paths class 作为 platform-independent 文件分隔符。
@Test
public void doFileDownload() throws Throwable {
// Since Java 7: Relative path from project root dir
// Put in target dir to avoid committing downloaded files
var downloadDir = Paths.get("target").toAbsolutePath().toString();
var prefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
prefs.put("download.default_directory", downloadDir); // Bypass default download directory in Chrome
prefs.put("safebrowsing.enabled", "false"); // Bypass warning message, keep file anyway (for .exe, .jar, etc.)
var opts = new ChromeOptions();
opts.setHeadless(true);
opts.setExperimentalOption("prefs", prefs);
var driver = new ChromeDriver(opts); // ChromeDriver binary is added to PATH env var
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.get("https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/download");
var downloadLink = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("a[href*='some-file.txt']"));
var downloadHref = downloadLink.getAttribute("href").replace(":", "");
var downloadFileName = Paths.get(downloadHref).getFileName().toString();
downloadLink.click();
// Wait download to finish for 60s
var downloadFilePath = Paths.get(downloadDir, downloadFileName);
new WebDriverWait(driver, 60).until(d -> downloadFilePath.toFile().exists());
// Since Java 11: Read content of downloaded file
var content = Files.readString(downloadFilePath);
// Do tests with string content...
log.info("Content={}", content);
driver.quit();
}
输出：
在任何 运行 之前执行 mvn clean 也会处理必须覆盖现有文件的问题。
pom.xml:
<properties>
<!-- Remove encoding warnings -->
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-server -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-server</artifactId>
<version>3.141.59</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.junit.jupiter/junit-jupiter -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
<version>5.6.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.plugins/maven-compiler-plugin -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<configuration>
<release>11</release>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>