Java: 如何在另一个文件中导入一个变量?

Java: How to import a variable in another file?

在做任何事情之前阅读底部(但可能很长)

我正在尝试制作一个基于文本的 Minecraft 服务器,但我在 Mines.java 中遇到了问题。我想将整数 'money' 从 Main.java 导入到 Mines.java 中的 [你会看到 7 斜杠注释]。我试过 import [package].Main.main.money,但没用。

我正在使用 Mars.1 Eclipse。

Main.java

// NOTE: Please read 'cc.txt' in src folder before modifying

package com.quaggles.main;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {
    // System.out.println(""); (to copy)
    // System objects
    static boolean running = true;
    static Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
    static String input;
    static String username;
    // Game variables
    static int coins = 100;
    static int level = 1;
    // Methods that may come in handy
    public static void PETC() {
        System.out.println("Press enter to continue...");
        try {
            System.in.read();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // Handle any exceptions
        }
    }
    // Doesn't work in java console (sorry Eclipse users) (still testing)
    public static void clearConsole() {
        try {
            final String os = System.getProperty("os.name");

            if (os.contains("Windows")) {
                Runtime.getRuntime().exec("cls");
            } else {
                Runtime.getRuntime().exec("clear");
            }
        } catch (final Exception e) {
            // Handle any exceptions
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        USER: while (running) {
            System.out.println("What is your username:");
            input = in.nextLine();
            if (input.equals("")) {
                System.out.println("You typed nothing! Please try again.");
                PETC();
                clearConsole();
                continue USER;
            } else {
                username = input;
                break USER;
            }
        }
        clearConsole();
        System.out.println("Running on " + System.getProperty("os.name") + "\n");
        System.out.println("Welcome to...");
        System.out.println("   _____                           _____            __ _");
        System.out.println("  / ____|                         / ____|          / _| |");
        System.out.println(" | (___   ___ _ ____   _____ _ __| |     _ __ __ _| |_| |_");
        System.out.println("  \___ \ / _ \ '__\ \ / / _ \ '__| |    | '__/ _` |  _| __|");
        System.out.println("  ____) |  __/ |   \ V /  __/ |  | |____| | | (_| | | | |_");
        System.out.println(" |_____/ \___|_|    \_/ \___|_|   \_____|_|  \__,_|_|  \__|\n");
        System.out.println("    v0.0.1 beta");
        System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
        System.out.println("ServerCraft is a project made by Quaggle\n" + "that tries to answer the question:\n"
                + "What if a Minecraft server was text based?");
        System.out.println("------------------------------------------\n");
        PETC();
        clearConsole();
        System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
        GAME: while (running) {
            input = in.nextLine().toLowerCase();
            if (input.equals("exit")) {
                break GAME;
            } else if (input.equals("help")) {
                clearConsole();
                System.out.println("HELP");
                System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
                System.out.println("help - shows all* commands");
                System.out.println("stats - shows your stats");
                System.out.println("updates - show any updates on the game");
                System.out.println("mine - go to the mines");
                System.out.println("home");
                System.out.println("exit - quits the game :(\n");
                System.out.println("*not actually all - find them out yourself ;)");
                PETC();
                clearConsole();
                continue GAME;
            } else if (input.equals("stats")) {
                System.out.println("STATISTICS");
                System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
                System.out.println("Coins: " + coins);
                System.out.println("Level " + level);
                PETC();
                clearConsole();
                continue GAME;
            } else if (input.equals("updates")) {
                System.out.println("UPDATES");
                System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
                System.out.println("");
                System.out.println("1-8-16 - PRECIOUS");
                System.out.println("Added mining and a money system\n");
                System.out.println("1-7-16 - Mr. Krabs! I have an idea!");
                System.out.println("I finally started working on the game after countless reconsiderations & regrets!");
            } else if (input.equals("mine")) {
                com.quaggles.main.Mines.mine();
            } else {
                System.out.println("\'" + input + "\' is not a command.");
            }
        }
        System.out.println("Thanks for playing, " + username + "!");
        PETC();
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

Mines.java

// NOTE: Please read 'cc.txt' in src folder before modifying
// WORK IN PROGRESS: I am still working on this, (may be very buggy)

package com.quaggles.main;

import java.util.Scanner;

import com.quaggles.main.Main.*; //unneeded at the moment

public class Mines {
    // System objects
    static boolean running = true;
    static Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
    static String input;
    /////// Import 'money' from Main.java
    static int pickaxe = 1;
    static int pickaxeXP = 0;
    static int pickaxeLevelUp = 100;
    // Game variables
    public static void mine() {
        GAME: while (running) {
            System.out.println("Welcome to the...");
            System.out.println("  __  __ _                 ");
            System.out.println(" |  \/  (_)                ");
            System.out.println(" | \  / |_ _ __   ___  ___ ");
            System.out.println(" | |\/| | | '_ \ / _ \/ __|");
            System.out.println(" | |  | | | | | |  __/\__ \");
            System.out.println(" |_|  |_|_|_| |_|\___||___/");
            System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
            System.out.println("Type \'mine\' to start mining");
            input = in.nextLine();
            if (input.equals("mine")) {
                /////// money
            }
        }
    }
}

编辑: 我刚刚意识到 'money' 不存在,我忘了我将它重命名为 'coins',这应该可以消除任何混淆。

好的,我会尽量深入。

有人在我的 'how to execute another file thing' 上说也许我应该参加 java 编程课程,而不是通过 Stack Overflow 学习编程语言,我尊重这一点。

我只是想说清楚,我喜欢以自己独特的方式学习东西。我今年 11 岁,从我的角度来看,youtube 上的所有课程要么解释的太慢,到第 11 集我们仍将学习整数,要么他们进入的速度太快。还有youtube上没有的要花钱的,别给我推荐,没事的。此外,您没有回答。谢谢你是谁。

我会尽可能先回答你的具体问题。 class com.quaggles.main.Main 中没有名为 money 的变量,但是有一个 coins 变量,所以如果这就是您的意思,方法如下:

Mines.java:

        if (input.equals("mine")) {
            System.out.println("My coins are: " + Main.coins);
        }

注释 1:class在同一个 Java 包(即命名空间)中不需要 import,它们也不需要需要完全指定命名空间,因此您可以简单地引用 MainMines(即没有命名空间 com.quaggles.main)。

注释 2:由于 Main.coinsstatic,因此服务器中只有一个 coins 实例;据推测,这意味着服务器只能处理一个玩家。

注释 3Main 调用 Mines.mines()Mines 然后调用 Main.coins -- 这称为 circular reference。作为专业人士,我们努力避免循环引用,因为它们会导致不可预测的行为。考虑重构您的代码,也许包括一个 Account 列表,即每个玩家一个,其中包含 coinsmoney.

祝你学习顺利,不要被负面评论气馁。