了解如何引用 XML 字符串以便使用 Python 的 ElementTree 进行序列化

Question

我的规格：

Python 3.4.3
Windows 7
IDE 是 Jupyter Notebooks

我参考的内容：

how-to-properly-escape-single-and-double-quotes
python-escaping-strings-for-use-in-xml
escaping-characters-in-a-xml-file-with-python

下面分别是数据和脚本（我已经尝试使用 Sax 和 ElementTree 序列化 Column 'E' 的变体）：

数据

A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J
"3","8","1","<Request TransactionID="3" RequestType="FOO"><InstitutionISO /><CallID>23</CallID><MemberID>12</MemberID><MemberPassword /><RequestData><AccountNumber>2</AccountNumber><AccountSuffix>85</AccountSuffix><AccountType>S</AccountType><MPIAcctType>Checking</MPIAcctType><TransactionCount>10</TransactionCount></RequestData></Request>","<Response TransactionID="2" RequestType="HoldInquiry"><ShareList>0000',0001,0070,</ShareList></Response>","1967-12-25 22:18:13.471000","2005-12-25 22:18:13.768000","2","70","0"

脚本

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*-  coding: utf-8 -*-
import os.path
import sys
import csv
from io import StringIO 
import xml.etree.cElementTree as ElementTree
from xml.etree.ElementTree import XMLParser
import xml
import xml.sax
from xml.sax import ContentHandler

class MyHandler(xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler):
    def __init__(self):
        self._charBuffer = []
        self._result = []

    def _getCharacterData(self):
        data = ''.join(self._charBuffer).strip()
        self._charBuffer = []
        return data.strip() #remove strip() if whitespace is important

    def parse(self, f):
        xml.sax.parse(f, self)
        return self._result


    def characters(self, data):
        self._charBuffer.append(data)

    def startElement(self, name, attrs):
        if name == 'Response':
            self._result.append({})

    def endElement(self, name):
        if not name == 'Response': self._result[-1][name] = self._getCharacterData()

def read_data(path):
    with open(path, 'rU', encoding='utf-8') as data:
        reader = csv.DictReader(data, delimiter =',', quotechar="'", skipinitialspace=True)
        for row in reader:
            yield row

if __name__ == "__main__":
    empty = ''
    Response = 'sample.csv'
    for idx, row in enumerate(read_data(Response)):
        if idx > 10: break
        data = row['E']
        print(data) # The before
        data = data[1:-1]
        data = ""'{}'"".format(data)
        print(data) # Sanity check 
#         data = '<Response TransactionID="2" RequestType="HoldInquiry"><ShareList>0000',0001,0070,</ShareList></Response>'
        try:
            root = ElementTree.XML(data)
#             print(root)
        except StopIteration:
            raise
            pass
#         xmlstring = StringIO(data)
#         print(xmlstring)
#         Handler = MyHandler().parse(xmlstring)

具体来说，由于 CSV 文件中的引用（这超出了我的控制范围），我不得不求助于对字符串进行切片（第 51 行）然后对其进行格式化（第 52 行）。

然而，上述尝试的打印结果如下：

"<Response TransactionID="2" RequestType="HoldInquiry"><ShareList>0000'
<Response TransactionID="2" RequestType="HoldInquiry"><ShareList>0000

  File "<string>", line unknown
ParseError: no element found: line 1, column 69

有趣的是 - 如果我分配变量 "data"（如第 54 行），我会收到：

  File "<ipython-input-80-7357c9272b92>", line 56
data = '<Response TransactionID="2" RequestType="HoldInquiry"><ShareList>0000',0001,0070,</ShareList></Response>'
                                                                                  ^ 
SyntaxError: invalid token

我寻求有关如何使用最 Pythonic 方法解决问题的反馈和信息。理想情况下，是否有一种方法可以利用 ElementTree。预先感谢您的反馈和指导。

Answer 1

看来您的 csv 数据格式错误（好吧，引用错误）。

如果 csv 文件超出您的控制，我建议不要使用 csv reader 来阅读它们，
相反 - 如果您可以依赖正确引用的每个字段 - 自己拆分它们。

with open(Response, 'rU', encoding='utf-8') as data:
    separated = data.read().split('","')
    try:
        x = ElementTree.XML(separated[3])
        print(x)
        xml.etree.ElementTree.dump(x)
        y = ElementTree.XML(separated[4])
        xml.etree.ElementTree.dump(y)
    except Exception as e:
       print(e)

产出

<Element 'Request' at 0xb6d973b0>
<Request RequestType="FOO" TransactionID="3"><InstitutionISO /><CallID>23</CallID><MemberID>12</MemberID><MemberPassword /><RequestData><AccountNumber>2</AccountNumber><AccountSuffix>85</AccountSuffix><AccountType>S</AccountType><MPIAcctType>Checking</MPIAcctType><TransactionCount>10</TransactionCount></RequestData></Request>
<Response RequestType="HoldInquiry" TransactionID="2"><ShareList>0000',0001,0070,</ShareList></Response>

了解如何引用 XML 字符串以便使用 Python 的 ElementTree 进行序列化

Understanding how to quote XML string in order to serialize using Python's ElementTree

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