在 SUM 字段上使用 HAVING 或 WHERE

Question

问题

我们有一个用户 table 和一个地址 table.Each 用户可以有多个地址。我们有一个名为 IsDefault 的位字段，用户可以在其中 select 他们的默认地址。这个字段目前不是强制性的，将来可能会是，所以我需要做一些分析。现在我想验证地址以查看：

给定用户有多少个地址。
这些地址中有多少（如果它们有超过 1 个地址） IsDefault 标志设置为 1。

基本上我想看看有多少用户有多个地址，还没有打开他们的任何地址是他们的默认地址。

到目前为止，我有以下 SQL 查询：

SELECT  AD.User_Id,
        COUNT(AD.User_Id) AS HowManyAddresses,
        SUM(
            CASE WHEN 
                AD.IsDefault IS NULL 
                OR
                AD.IsDefault = 0
            THEN
                1
            ELSE
                0
            END
        ) AS DefaultEmpty,

        SUM(
            CASE WHEN 
                AD.IsDefault = 1
            THEN
                1
            ELSE
                0
            END
        ) AS DefaultAddress

FROM dbo.Addresses AS AD
    JOIN dbo.Users AS U
    ON U.Id = AD.User_Id
GROUP BY AD.User_ID
ORDER BY AD.User_Id

我发现的问题是我想检查 DefaultAddress 和 DefaultEmpty SELECT SUM 字段中的值，但是在尝试引用它们时出现以下错误哪里或拥有：

Invalid column name 'DefaultEmpty'.

是否无法为 selection 目的引用 SUM 值？

使用的技术：

SQL 服务器 2008
SQL 服务器管理工作室 2008

Answer 1

实际上你需要像这样用 HAVING 重复整个 SUM 子句 -

SELECT
    AD.User_Id
    ,COUNT(AD.User_Id) AS HowManyAddresses
    ,SUM(
    CASE
        WHEN
            AD.IsDefault IS NULL OR
            AD.IsDefault = 0 THEN 1
        ELSE 0
    END
    ) AS DefaultEmpty
    ,SUM(
    CASE
        WHEN
            AD.IsDefault = 1 THEN 1
        ELSE 0
    END
    ) AS DefaultAddress

FROM dbo.Addresses AS AD
JOIN dbo.Users AS U
    ON U.Id = AD.User_Id
GROUP BY AD.User_ID
HAVING SUM(
CASE
    WHEN
        AD.IsDefault IS NULL OR
        AD.IsDefault = 0 THEN 1
    ELSE 0
END
) = 0
ORDER BY AD.User_Id

或

DECLARE @address TABLE(UserID INT,Address VARCHAR(100),IsDefault BIT);
INSERT INTO @address VALUES
 (1,'User 1 default',1)
,(2,'User 2 non default',0)
,(3,'User 3 non default',0)
,(3,'User 3 default',1)
,(4,'User 4 default',1)
,(4,'User 4 second default',1);

SELECT
    COUNT(*) OVER () AS HowManyAddresses
    ,ISNULL(def0.DefaultEmpty, 0) AS DefaultEmpty
    ,ISNULL(def1.DefaultAddress, 0) AS DefaultAddress
FROM (SELECT
        AD.Address
        ,COUNT(AD.UserID) OVER (PARTITION BY AD.UserID) AS DefaultEmpty
    FROM @address AS AD
    WHERE (AD.IsDefault = 0)) def0
FULL JOIN (SELECT
        AD.Address
        ,COUNT(AD.UserID) OVER (PARTITION BY AD.UserID) AS DefaultAddress
    FROM @address AS AD
    WHERE (AD.IsDefault = 1)) def1
    ON def0.Address = def1.Address

Answer 2

这将计数 - 按用户和默认分组，有多少个地址：

DECLARE @user TABLE(ID INT, Name VARCHAR(100));
INSERT INTO @user VALUES
 (1,'user1') --will get a default
,(2,'user2') --no default
,(3,'user3') --both
,(4,'user4') --two defaults
,(5,'user5');--nothing

DECLARE @address TABLE(UserID INT,Address VARCHAR(100),IsDefault BIT);
INSERT INTO @address VALUES
 (1,'User 1 default',1)
,(2,'User 2 non default',0)
,(3,'User 3 non default',0)
,(3,'User 3 default',1)
,(4,'User 4 default',1)
,(4,'User 4 second default',1);

编辑：使用 PIVOT 更好...

SELECT p.*
FROM
(
    SELECT u.ID,u.Name
          ,CASE WHEN a.IsDefault=1 THEN 'DEFAULT' ELSE 'NORMAL' END AS PivotColumn
          ,COUNT(a.UserID) AS CountPerUserAndDefault
    FROM @user AS u
    LEFT JOIN @address AS a ON u.ID=a.UserID
    GROUP BY u.ID,u.Name,a.IsDefault
) AS tbl
PIVOT
(
    SUM(CountPerUserAndDefault) FOR PivotColumn IN([DEFAULT],[NORMAL])
) AS p

结果：

Name    ID  DEFAULT NORMAL
user1   1   1       NULL
user2   2   NULL    1
user3   3   1       1
user4   4   2       NULL
user5   5   NULL    0

Answer 3

如果要在 WHERE 子句中使用别名，可以在下面使用 CTE：

WITH cte AS (
SELECT  AD.User_Id,
        COUNT(AD.User_Id) AS HowManyAddresses,
        SUM(
            CASE WHEN 
                AD.IsDefault IS NULL 
                OR
                AD.IsDefault = 0
            THEN
                1
            ELSE
                0
            END
        ) AS DefaultEmpty,

        SUM(
            CASE WHEN 
                AD.IsDefault = 1
            THEN
                1
            ELSE
                0
            END
        ) AS DefaultAddress

FROM dbo.Addresses AS AD
    JOIN dbo.Users AS U
    ON U.Id = AD.User_Id
GROUP BY AD.User_ID
ORDER BY AD.User_Id
)
SELECT * 
FROM cte
WHERE /* You can use alias names here... */
GROUP BY /* You can use alias names here... */
HAVING /* You can use alias names here... */

Answer 4

把这个放在GROUPBY之后：

HAVING SUM(CAST(AD.IsDefault AS INT)) > 0

在 SUM 字段上使用 HAVING 或 WHERE

Using HAVING or WHERE on SUM Fields

sql-server

where

having

sql-server-2008