需要条件和转换的计算字段的 Django 查询表达式
Django query expression for calculated fields that require conditions and casting
我正在尝试 运行 一个聚合查询,大致等于:
select
sum(impressions) as impressions,
sum(clicks) as clicks,
sum(clicks)/sum(impressions) as ctr
from stats
group by product
order by ctr;
使用的数据库是PostgreSQL。
我做了这个查询表达式(Django 1.9):
Stats.objects.values('product').annotate(
impressions = models.Sum('impressions'),
clicks = models.Sum('clicks'),
ctr = models.ExpressionWrapper(
models.F('clicks')/models.F('impressions')), output_field = models.FloatField()
)
).order_by('ctr')
它有 2 个问题:
ctr
是 0.0 因为它在数据库级别划分整数
- 如果展示次数为 0
,它会抛出 division by zero
正确的解决方案是什么?
关于如何扩展它的精确数学取决于你,但在嵌套的 ExpressionWrapper 中添加一个 python 常量就足够了:
ctr = models.ExpressionWrapper(
models.F('clicks')/models.ExpressionWrapper(
models.F('impressions') + 1, output_field = models.FloatField()
),
output_field = models.FloatField()
)
from django.db.models import Case, F, Sum, When
Stats.objects.values('product').annotate(
tot_impressions=Sum('impressions'),
tot_clicks=Sum('clicks')
).annotate(
ctr=Case(When(tot_impressions=0, then=None), # or other value, e.g. then=0
# 1.0*... is to get float in SQL
default=1.0*F('tot_clicks')/F('tot_impressions'),
output_field=models.FloatField())
).order_by('ctr')
您可以将 django-pg-utils
package 用于处理除以零和 returns 浮点值
的 divide
查询表达式
from pg_utils import divide
Stats.objects.annotate(ctr=divide(F('clicks'), F('impressions')))
我正在尝试 运行 一个聚合查询,大致等于:
select
sum(impressions) as impressions,
sum(clicks) as clicks,
sum(clicks)/sum(impressions) as ctr
from stats
group by product
order by ctr;
使用的数据库是PostgreSQL。
我做了这个查询表达式(Django 1.9):
Stats.objects.values('product').annotate(
impressions = models.Sum('impressions'),
clicks = models.Sum('clicks'),
ctr = models.ExpressionWrapper(
models.F('clicks')/models.F('impressions')), output_field = models.FloatField()
)
).order_by('ctr')
它有 2 个问题:
ctr
是 0.0 因为它在数据库级别划分整数- 如果展示次数为 0 ,它会抛出
division by zero
正确的解决方案是什么?
关于如何扩展它的精确数学取决于你,但在嵌套的 ExpressionWrapper 中添加一个 python 常量就足够了:
ctr = models.ExpressionWrapper(
models.F('clicks')/models.ExpressionWrapper(
models.F('impressions') + 1, output_field = models.FloatField()
),
output_field = models.FloatField()
)
from django.db.models import Case, F, Sum, When
Stats.objects.values('product').annotate(
tot_impressions=Sum('impressions'),
tot_clicks=Sum('clicks')
).annotate(
ctr=Case(When(tot_impressions=0, then=None), # or other value, e.g. then=0
# 1.0*... is to get float in SQL
default=1.0*F('tot_clicks')/F('tot_impressions'),
output_field=models.FloatField())
).order_by('ctr')
您可以将 django-pg-utils
package 用于处理除以零和 returns 浮点值
divide
查询表达式
from pg_utils import divide
Stats.objects.annotate(ctr=divide(F('clicks'), F('impressions')))