Scikit-learn：如何在一维数组上运行 KMeans？

Question

我有一个包含 13.876(13,876) 个值的数组，值介于 0 和 1 之间。我想仅将 sklearn.cluster.KMeans 应用于此向量以查找值分组的不同簇。但是，KMeans 似乎适用于多维数组而不是一维数组。我想有一个技巧可以让它发挥作用，但我不知道怎么做。我看到 KMeans.fit() 接受 "X : array-like or sparse matrix, shape=(n_samples, n_features)"，但它想要n_samples 大于 1

我尝试将数组放在 np.zeros() 矩阵和运行 KMeans 上，但随后将所有非空值放在 class 1 上，其余值放在 class0.

任何人都可以帮助运行在一维数组上使用这个算法吗？

Answer 1

您有 1 个特征的多个样本，因此您可以使用 numpy 的 reshape:

将数组重塑为 (13,876, 1)

from sklearn.cluster import KMeans
import numpy as np
x = np.random.random(13876)

km = KMeans()
km.fit(x.reshape(-1,1))  # -1 will be calculated to be 13876 here

Answer 2

了解 Jenks Natural Breaks。 Python 中的函数找到了文章中的 link：

def get_jenks_breaks(data_list, number_class):
    data_list.sort()
    mat1 = []
    for i in range(len(data_list) + 1):
        temp = []
        for j in range(number_class + 1):
            temp.append(0)
        mat1.append(temp)
    mat2 = []
    for i in range(len(data_list) + 1):
        temp = []
        for j in range(number_class + 1):
            temp.append(0)
        mat2.append(temp)
    for i in range(1, number_class + 1):
        mat1[1][i] = 1
        mat2[1][i] = 0
        for j in range(2, len(data_list) + 1):
            mat2[j][i] = float('inf')
    v = 0.0
    for l in range(2, len(data_list) + 1):
        s1 = 0.0
        s2 = 0.0
        w = 0.0
        for m in range(1, l + 1):
            i3 = l - m + 1
            val = float(data_list[i3 - 1])
            s2 += val * val
            s1 += val
            w += 1
            v = s2 - (s1 * s1) / w
            i4 = i3 - 1
            if i4 != 0:
                for j in range(2, number_class + 1):
                    if mat2[l][j] >= (v + mat2[i4][j - 1]):
                        mat1[l][j] = i3
                        mat2[l][j] = v + mat2[i4][j - 1]
        mat1[l][1] = 1
        mat2[l][1] = v
    k = len(data_list)
    kclass = []
    for i in range(number_class + 1):
        kclass.append(min(data_list))
    kclass[number_class] = float(data_list[len(data_list) - 1])
    count_num = number_class
    while count_num >= 2:  # print "rank = " + str(mat1[k][count_num])
        idx = int((mat1[k][count_num]) - 2)
        # print "val = " + str(data_list[idx])
        kclass[count_num - 1] = data_list[idx]
        k = int((mat1[k][count_num] - 1))
        count_num -= 1
    return kclass

使用和可视化：

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def get_jenks_breaks(...):...

x = np.random.random(30)
breaks = get_jenks_breaks(x, 5)

for line in breaks:
    plt.plot([line for _ in range(len(x))], 'k--')

plt.plot(x)
plt.grid(True)
plt.show()

结果：

Scikit-learn：如何在一维数组上运行 KMeans？

Scikit-learn: How to run KMeans on a one-dimensional array?

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Scikit-learn：如何在一维数组上运行 KMeans？