相当于 Angular 2 中的 $compile

Question

我想手动编译一些 HTML 包含指令。 Angular 2 中的 $compile 等价于什么？

例如，在 Angular 1 中，我可以动态编译 HTML 的片段并将其附加到 DOM：

var e = angular.element('<div directive></div>');
element.append(e);
$compile(e)($scope);

Answer 1

如果你想注入html代码使用指令

<div [innerHtml]="htmlVar"></div>

如果你想在某个地方加载整个组件，使用 DynamicComponentLoader:

https://angular.io/docs/ts/latest/api/core/DynamicComponentLoader-class.html

Answer 2

注意：正如@BennyBottema 在评论中提到的，DynamicComponentLoader 现在已被弃用，因此这个答案也是如此。

Angular2 没有任何 $compile equivalent. You can use DynamicComoponentLoader and hack with ES6 classes to compile your code dynamically (see this plunk):

import {Component, DynamicComponentLoader, ElementRef, OnInit} from 'angular2/core'

function compileToComponent(template, directives) {
  @Component({ 
    selector: 'fake', 
    template , directives
  })
  class FakeComponent {};
  return FakeComponent;
}

@Component({
  selector: 'hello',
  template: '<h1>Hello, Angular!</h1>'
})
class Hello {}

@Component({
  selector: 'my-app',
  template: '<div #container></div>',
})
export class App implements OnInit {
  constructor(
    private loader: DynamicComponentLoader, 
    private elementRef: ElementRef,
  ) {}

  ngOnInit() {} {
    const someDynamicHtml = `<hello></hello><h2>${Date.now()}</h2>`;

    this.loader.loadIntoLocation(
      compileToComponent(someDynamicHtml, [Hello])
      this.elementRef,
      'container'
    );
  }
}

但只有在 html 解析器位于 angular2 核心内时它才会起作用。

Answer 3

Angular 2.3.0 (2016-12-07)

要查看所有详细信息：

要查看实际效果：

观察 a working plunker（使用 2.3.0+）

校长：

1) 创建模板
2) 创建组件
3) 创建模块
4) 编译模块
5) 创建（并缓存）ComponentFactory
6) 使用 Target 创建它的实例

快速概览如何创建组件

createNewComponent (tmpl:string) {
  @Component({
      selector: 'dynamic-component',
      template: tmpl,
  })
  class CustomDynamicComponent  implements IHaveDynamicData {
      @Input()  public entity: any;
  };
  // a component for this particular template
  return CustomDynamicComponent;
}

如何将组件注入 NgModule 的方法

createComponentModule (componentType: any) {
  @NgModule({
    imports: [
      PartsModule, // there are 'text-editor', 'string-editor'...
    ],
    declarations: [
      componentType
    ],
  })
  class RuntimeComponentModule
  {
  }
  // a module for just this Type
  return RuntimeComponentModule;
}

如何创建 ComponentFactory （并缓存它）的代码片段

public createComponentFactory(template: string)
    : Promise<ComponentFactory<IHaveDynamicData>> {    
    let factory = this._cacheOfFactories[template];

    if (factory) {
        console.log("Module and Type are returned from cache")

        return new Promise((resolve) => {
            resolve(factory);
        });
    }

    // unknown template ... let's create a Type for it
    let type   = this.createNewComponent(template);
    let module = this.createComponentModule(type);

    return new Promise((resolve) => {
        this.compiler
            .compileModuleAndAllComponentsAsync(module)
            .then((moduleWithFactories) =>
            {
                factory = _.find(moduleWithFactories.componentFactories
                                , { componentType: type });

                this._cacheOfFactories[template] = factory;

                resolve(factory);
            });
    });
}

如何使用上述结果的代码片段

  // here we get Factory (just compiled or from cache)
  this.typeBuilder
      .createComponentFactory(template)
      .then((factory: ComponentFactory<IHaveDynamicData>) =>
    {
        // Target will instantiate and inject component (we'll keep reference to it)
        this.componentRef = this
            .dynamicComponentTarget
            .createComponent(factory);

        // let's inject @Inputs to component instance
        let component = this.componentRef.instance;

        component.entity = this.entity;
        //...
    });

包含所有详细信息的完整描述, or observe working example

.

OBSOLETE - Angular 2.0 RC5 related (RC5 only)

to see previous solutions for previous RC versions, please, search through the history of this post

Answer 4

为了动态地创建一个组件的实例并将其附加到您的 DOM 您可以使用以下脚本并且应该在 Angular RC:

html 模板：

<div>
  <div id="container"></div>
  <button (click)="viewMeteo()">Meteo</button>
  <button (click)="viewStats()">Stats</button>
</div>

加载程序组件

import { Component, DynamicComponentLoader, ElementRef, Injector } from '@angular/core';
import { WidgetMeteoComponent } from './widget-meteo';
import { WidgetStatComponent } from './widget-stat';

@Component({
  moduleId: module.id,
  selector: 'widget-loader',
  templateUrl: 'widget-loader.html',
})
export class WidgetLoaderComponent  {

  constructor( elementRef: ElementRef,
               public dcl:DynamicComponentLoader,
               public injector: Injector) { }

  viewMeteo() {
    this.dcl.loadAsRoot(WidgetMeteoComponent, '#container', this.injector);
  }

  viewStats() {
    this.dcl.loadAsRoot(WidgetStatComponent, '#container', this.injector);
  }

}

Answer 5

Angular TypeScript/ES6 (Angular 2+)

同时使用 AOT + JIT。

我在这里创建了使用方法： https://github.com/patrikx3/angular-compile

npm install p3x-angular-compile

组件：应该有上下文和一些 html 数据...

Html:

<div [p3x-compile]="data" [p3x-compile-context]="ctx">loading ...</div>

Answer 6

Angular 我用过的版本 - Angular 4.2.0

Angular4想出了ComponentFactoryResolver来在运行时加载组件。这是 $compile 在 Angular 1.0 中的一种相同实现，可满足您的需要

在下面的示例中，我将 ImageWidget 组件动态加载到 DashboardTileComponent

为了加载组件，您需要一个可以应用于 ng-template 的指令，这将有助于放置动态组件

WidgetHostDirective

 import { Directive, ViewContainerRef } from '@angular/core';

    @Directive({
      selector: '[widget-host]',
    })
    export class DashboardTileWidgetHostDirective {
      constructor(public viewContainerRef: ViewContainerRef) { 


      }
    }

此指令注入 ViewContainerRef 以获得对将托管动态添加组件的元素的视图容器的访问权。

DashboardTileComponent（用于呈现动态组件的占位符组件）

此组件接受来自父组件的输入，或者您可以根据您的实施从您的服务加载。该组件的主要作用是在运行时解析组件。在这个方法中你还可以看到一个名为 renderComponent() 的方法，它最终从服务中加载组件名称并使用 ComponentFactoryResolver 进行解析，最后设置数据到动态组件。

import { Component, Input, OnInit, AfterViewInit, ViewChild, ComponentFactoryResolver, OnDestroy } from '@angular/core';
import { DashboardTileWidgetHostDirective } from './DashbardWidgetHost.Directive';
import { TileModel } from './Tile.Model';
import { WidgetComponentService } from "./WidgetComponent.Service";


@Component({
    selector: 'dashboard-tile',
    templateUrl: 'app/tile/DashboardTile.Template.html'
})

export class DashboardTileComponent implements OnInit {
    @Input() tile: any;
    @ViewChild(DashboardTileWidgetHostDirective) widgetHost: DashboardTileWidgetHostDirective;
    constructor(private _componentFactoryResolver: ComponentFactoryResolver,private widgetComponentService:WidgetComponentService) {

    }

    ngOnInit() {

    }
    ngAfterViewInit() {
        this.renderComponents();
    }
    renderComponents() {
        let component=this.widgetComponentService.getComponent(this.tile.componentName);
        let componentFactory = this._componentFactoryResolver.resolveComponentFactory(component);
        let viewContainerRef = this.widgetHost.viewContainerRef;
        let componentRef = viewContainerRef.createComponent(componentFactory);
        (<TileModel>componentRef.instance).data = this.tile;

    }
}

DashboardTileComponent.html

 <div class="col-md-2 col-lg-2 col-sm-2 col-default-margin col-default">        
                        <ng-template widget-host></ng-template>

          </div>

WidgetComponentService

这是一个服务工厂，用于注册您要动态解析的所有组件

import { Injectable }           from '@angular/core';
import { ImageTextWidgetComponent } from "../templates/ImageTextWidget.Component";
@Injectable()
export class WidgetComponentService {
  getComponent(componentName:string) {
          if(componentName==="ImageTextWidgetComponent"){
              return ImageTextWidgetComponent
          }
  }
}

ImageTextWidgetComponent（我们在运行时加载的组件）

import { Component, OnInit, Input } from '@angular/core';


@Component({
    selector: 'dashboard-imagetextwidget',
    templateUrl: 'app/templates/ImageTextWidget.html'
})

export class ImageTextWidgetComponent implements OnInit {
     @Input() data: any;
    constructor() { }

    ngOnInit() { }
}

添加最后将这个 ImageTextWidgetComponent 作为 entryComponent 添加到您的应用程序模块中

@NgModule({
    imports: [BrowserModule],
    providers: [WidgetComponentService],
    declarations: [
        MainApplicationComponent,
        DashboardHostComponent,
        DashboardGroupComponent,
        DashboardTileComponent,
        DashboardTileWidgetHostDirective,
        ImageTextWidgetComponent
        ],
    exports: [],
    entryComponents: [ImageTextWidgetComponent],
    bootstrap: [MainApplicationComponent]
})
export class DashboardModule {
    constructor() {

    }
}

TileModel

 export interface TileModel {
      data: any;
    }

Orginal Reference from my blog

Official Documentation

Download Sample Source Code

Answer 7

这个 npm 包让我更容易： https://www.npmjs.com/package/ngx-dynamic-template

用法：

<ng-template dynamic-template
             [template]="'some value:{{param1}}, and some component <lazy-component></lazy-component>'"
             [context]="{param1:'value1'}"
             [extraModules]="[someDynamicModule]"></ng-template>

Answer 8

我知道这个问题由来已久，但我花了数周时间试图弄清楚如何在启用 AOT 的情况下使其正常工作。我能够编译一个对象，但永远无法执行现有组件。好吧，我最终决定改变策略，因为我不想编译代码，而是执行自定义模板。我的想法是添加任何人都可以执行的 html 并循环遍历现有工厂。这样我就可以搜索 element/attribute/etc。命名并执行该 HTMLElement 上的组件。我能够让它工作并认为我应该分享它以节省其他人我浪费在它上面的大量时间。

@Component({
    selector: "compile",
    template: "",
    inputs: ["html"]
})
export class CompileHtmlComponent implements OnDestroy {
    constructor(
        private content: ViewContainerRef,
        private injector: Injector,
        private ngModRef: NgModuleRef<any>
    ) { }

    ngOnDestroy() {
        this.DestroyComponents();
    }

    private _ComponentRefCollection: any[] = null;
    private _Html: string;

    get Html(): string {
        return this._Html;
    }
    @Input("html") set Html(val: string) {
        // recompile when the html value is set
        this._Html = (val || "") + "";
        this.TemplateHTMLCompile(this._Html);
    }

    private DestroyComponents() { // we need to remove the components we compiled
        if (this._ComponentRefCollection) {
            this._ComponentRefCollection.forEach((c) => {
                c.destroy();
            });
        }
        this._ComponentRefCollection = new Array();
    }

    private TemplateHTMLCompile(html) {
        this.DestroyComponents();
        this.content.element.nativeElement.innerHTML = html;
        var ref = this.content.element.nativeElement;
        var factories = (this.ngModRef.componentFactoryResolver as any)._factories;
        // here we loop though the factories, find the element based on the selector
        factories.forEach((comp: ComponentFactory<unknown>) => {
            var list = ref.querySelectorAll(comp.selector);
            list.forEach((item) => {
                var parent = item.parentNode;
                var next = item.nextSibling;
                var ngContentNodes: any[][] = new Array(); // this is for the viewchild/viewchildren of this object

                comp.ngContentSelectors.forEach((sel) => {
                    var ngContentList: any[] = new Array();

                    if (sel == "*") // all children;
                    {
                        item.childNodes.forEach((c) => {
                            ngContentList.push(c);
                        });
                    }
                    else {
                        var selList = item.querySelectorAll(sel);

                        selList.forEach((l) => {
                            ngContentList.push(l);
                        });
                    }

                    ngContentNodes.push(ngContentList);
                });
                // here is where we compile the factory based on the node we have
                let component = comp.create(this.injector, ngContentNodes, item, this.ngModRef);

                this._ComponentRefCollection.push(component); // save for our destroy call
                // we need to move the newly compiled element, as it was appended to this components html
                if (next) parent.insertBefore(component.location.nativeElement, next);
                else parent.appendChild(component.location.nativeElement);

                component.hostView.detectChanges(); // tell the component to detectchanges
            });
        });
    }
}

Answer 9

您可以看到允许编译简单动态 Angular 组件的组件 https://www.npmjs.com/package/@codehint-ng/html-compiler

相当于 Angular 2 中的 $compile

Equivalent of $compile in Angular 2

angular

typescript

angular2-compiler

version-compatibility

Angular 2.3.0 (2016-12-07)

Angular TypeScript/ES6 (Angular 2+)