for循环跳过数组中的第一个字符串

for loop skipping first string in array

我目前在我的脚本中遇到一个问题,我使用 for 循环遍历元素数组并检查它们在 GUI 中是否存在。我的问题是 for 循环总是跳过数组的第一个条目。

我现在的脚本如下:

public class GUIFunctionality {
    static Properties config = Data.getProperties("config");
    static int Pass = 0;
    static Screen s = new Screen();

    @Test(priority = 0)
    public static void loginGUI() {
        WebDriver driver = AutomationWebDriver.getWebDriver("firefox", config.getProperty("url"));

        // Test all GUI elements on login screen.

        String[] login_elements = { "loginbutton.png", "logintitle.png", "smalllogo.png", "remembermechecked.png",
                "signupbutton.png", "signuptitle.png", "changelanguage.png" };
        ArrayList<String> passed = new ArrayList<String>();
        ArrayList<String> failed = new ArrayList<String>();

        for (String base : login_elements) {
            String file = String.format("imagerepo/config/%s", base);
            if (s.exists(file) != null) {
                System.out.println(file + " has been successfully found.");
                passed.add(file);
                Pass++;
            } else {
                System.out.println(file + " has not been found.");
                failed.add(file);
            }
        }

这个脚本完全忽略了 "loginbutton.png",就好像它根本不存在于脚本中一样。我真的很困惑为什么。这是控制台输出:

imagerepo/config/logintitle.png has been successfully found.
imagerepo/config/smalllogo.png has been successfully found.
imagerepo/config/remembermechecked.png has been successfully found.
imagerepo/config/signupbutton.png has been successfully found.
imagerepo/config/signuptitle.png has been successfully found.
imagerepo/config/changelanguage.png has been successfully found.
Found elements: [imagerepo/config/logintitle.png, imagerepo/config/smalllogo.png, imagerepo/config/remembermechecked.png, imagerepo/config/signupbutton.png, imagerepo/config/signuptitle.png, imagerepo/config/changelanguage.png]
Missing elements: []

我想知道我需要更改什么以便 String[] login_elements 的第一个条目包含在 for 循环中。同样有趣的是,在 String[] login_elements 中再添加一个条目将完全修复它。

做这个小改动:(nobutton.png 是存储库中存在的图像,但不在被测页面上)

String[] login_elements = { "nobutton.png", "loginbutton.png", "logintitle.png", "smalllogo.png",
                "remembermechecked.png", "signupbutton.png", "signuptitle.png", "changelanguage.png" };

这一更改现在会将其打印到控制台:

imagerepo/config/nobutton.png has not been found.
imagerepo/config/loginbutton.png has been successfully found.
imagerepo/config/logintitle.png has been successfully found.
imagerepo/config/smalllogo.png has been successfully found.
imagerepo/config/remembermechecked.png has been successfully found.
imagerepo/config/signupbutton.png has been successfully found.
imagerepo/config/signuptitle.png has been successfully found.
imagerepo/config/changelanguage.png has been successfully found.
Found elements: [imagerepo/config/loginbutton.png, imagerepo/config/logintitle.png, imagerepo/config/smalllogo.png, imagerepo/config/remembermechecked.png, imagerepo/config/signupbutton.png, imagerepo/config/signuptitle.png, imagerepo/config/changelanguage.png]
Missing elements: [imagerepo/config/nobutton.png]

此控制台输出包括该数组中的每个条目。从数组中删除“nobutton.png”将使我们回到原来的问题。

那到底是怎么回事?我唯一可能想到的是数组中包含第一个条目的最少字符串数,但这看起来很愚蠢。

Edit: s.exists(String)Sikuli 屏幕的一个实例,使用 exists 函数来检查屏幕上的元素是否存在页。我真的不认为这与错误有任何关系。我也可能完全错了。我通过反复试验了解了大部分 Sikuli 库(发布日期前后的时间紧缩是一件可怕的事情),所以我对“为什么”的无知非常高,这就是我来这里的原因。

编辑:记住,在数组中再添加一项可以完全解决问题。

编辑:添加了s的实例。 WebDriver driver = AutomationWebDriver.getWebDriver("firefox", config.getProperty("url")); 行是我用来启动 WebDriver 实例的 Selenium WebDriver 实例,我必须将其与 Sikuli 一起使用,因为我们的 Web 应用程序是 fubar(6 年的遗留代码)。

另一个编辑Region.exists() 方法和文档的源代码。

Source Code

Documentation

此问题已得到解答。 @Berger 和@Andy Thomas 也对循环:

发生了什么提供了一些见解

I think I have found the source code. exists uses a while loop based on a timeout value, among other things, so a subsequent call with the same parameter, could well return another result, see : https://github.com/RaiMan/SikuliX-2014/blob/master/API/src/main/java/org/sikuli/script/Region.java - @Berger

I see from another Sikuli source file that the default autoWaitTimeout is 63 seconds, making the race condition easy to observe. Two important lessons from this question are: 1) A default case is frequently useful, especially if it's not expected to occur -- and 2) If you want a single return value, make a single call. - @Andy Thomas

您没有默认案例。您使用的是 if-elseif 而不是 if-else.

for (String base : login_elements) {
  String file = String.format("imagerepo/config/%s", base);
  if (s.exists(file) != null) {
    ...
  } else if (s.exists(file) == null) {
    ...
  }
}

您的第二个条件包括再次调用 s.exists(file)如果两个分支都没有输入,则返回的值必须在两次调用之间发生变化。

您可以通过添加默认情况来处理此问题。一个简单的方法是消除第二个条件。

for (String base : login_elements) {
  String file = String.format("imagerepo/config/%s", base);
  if (s.exists(file) != null) {
    ...
  } else {
    ...
  }
}

调试器可以帮助您发现此类问题。如果您在第一个条件下设置断点,您会看到循环正在考虑第一个文件。

这是因为你没有面对所有的可能性:

if (s.exists(file) != null) {
    System.out.println(file + " has been successfully found.");
    passed.add(file);
} else {
    System.out.println(file + " has not been found.");
    failed.add(file);
} 

使用相同的代码会抛出错误...

我认为 Java 代码应该是:

String[] login_elements = {
    "loginbutton.png",
    "logintitle.png",
    "smalllogo.png", 
    "remembermechecked.png",
    "signupbutton.png",
    "signuptitle.png",
    "changelanguage.png"
};

ArrayList<String> passed = new ArrayList<String>();
ArrayList<String> failed = new ArrayList<String>();

for (String base : login_elements) {
    String file = String.format("imagerepo/config/%s", base);
    File s = new File(file);
    if (s.exists()) {
        System.out.println(file + " has been successfully found.");
        passed.add(file);
    }
    else {
        System.out.println(file + " has not been found.");
        failed.add(file);
    }
}

System.out.println("Found elements: " + passed);
System.out.println("Missing elements: " + failed);