(NoMethodError: undefined method `email' for main:Object). Sending Welcome Email After Devise Confirm with Mandrill & Mailchimp

Question

我目前正在覆盖 Devise Confirmable 方法以在用户确认其帐户后创建欢迎电子邮件。在当前设置下，运行 UserTransactionMailer.welcome_message(self).deliver_now 在 rails 控制台中导致以下错误：

    "NoMethodError: undefined method `email' for main:Object
 from /Users/AnthonyEmtman/Documents/projects/Team_Development/kons/app/mailers/user_transaction_mailer.rb:6:in `welcome_message'"

下面是 user.rb 中用于触发发送 welcome_message 电子邮件的 def confirm! 覆盖。

models/user.rb:

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  devise :database_authenticatable, :registerable,
         :recoverable, :rememberable, :trackable, :validatable, 
         :confirmable, :lockable, :timeoutable, :zxcvbnable

  def confirm!
    send_welcome_message
    super
  end

private

  def send_welcome_message
    UserTransactionMailer.welcome_message(self).deliver_now
  end

end

以下文件是我的 user_transaction_mailer.rb 和 base_mandrill_mailer.rb 文件。 user_transaction_mailer.rb 继承自 base_mandrill_mailer.rb 因此我创建的所有未来邮件程序都可以访问 mandrill_send 方法，有效地减少了我每次需要编写的发送代码量到 mandrill_send方法。

mailers/user_transaction_mailer.rb:

class UserTransactionMailer < BaseMandrillMailer

  def welcome_message(user, opts={})
    options = {
      :subject => "Welcome to Kontracking",
      :email => user.email,
      :global_merge_vars => [
        {
          name: "USER_NAME",
          content: user.user_name
        }
      ],
      :template_name => "Welcome Message - Kontracking"
    }

    mandrill_send options

  end

end

mailers/base_mandrill_mailer.rb:

require "mandrill"

class BaseMandrillMailer < ApplicationMailer

  def mandrill_send(opts={})
    message = {
      :subject => "#{opts[:subject]}",
      :from_name => "Kontracking",
      :from_email => "admin@kontracking.com",
      :to =>
        [{"name" => "Some User",
          "email" => "#{opts[:email]}",
          "type" => "to"}],
      :global_merge_vars => opts[:global_merge_vars]
    }
    sending = MANDRILL.messages.send_template opts[:template_name], [], message
    rescue Mandrill::Error => e
      Rails.logger.debug("#{e.class}: #{e.message}")
      raise
  end

end

运行 UserTransactionMailer.welcome_message(User.first).deliver_now 在 rails 控制台中导致成功发送到我的电子邮件，包括正确处理我包含了 merge_var of user_name 以显示在电子邮件中。我对哈希没有经验，目前无法找出未定义方法问题的解决方案（这可能相当简单）。我如何让它正常工作？

此外，我目前在初始化程序中需要 'mandrill'，所以我应该能够将其从 base_mandrill_mailer.rb 文件中删除，对吗？

Answer 1

我解决了我的问题，因为当前的实现总是未定义 self。更改 models/user.rb 确认方法以将自己和用户包含在消息中解决了这个问题。

models/user.rb:

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  devise :database_authenticatable, :registerable,
         :recoverable, :rememberable, :trackable, :validatable, 
         :confirmable, :lockable, :timeoutable, :zxcvbnable

  def confirm!
    send_welcome_message(self)
    super
  end

private

  def send_welcome_message(user)
    UserTransactionMailer.welcome_message(user).deliver_now
  end

end

所有其他文件都是正确的。我会向希望覆盖 Devise 邮件程序或特定方法并同时利用 Mailchimp/Mandrill 集成的任何人推荐这种方法——尤其是那些在开发团队中工作的人。此方法有效地允许您将电子邮件的设计和更新卸载到 non-technical 成员，并且不需要将电子邮件视图更改部署到服务器（变量名称或电子邮件添加的待定更改）。

我在下面包含了用于覆盖 Devise 的文件。

mailers/custom_devise_mailer.rb:

class CustomDeviseMailer < Devise::Mailer


  def confirmation_instructions(record, token, opts={})
    options = {
      :subject => "Confirmation Instructions",
      :email => record.email,
      :global_merge_vars => [
        {
          name: "confirmation_link",
          content: user_confirmation_url(confirmation_token: token)
          }
      ],
      :template_name => "Confirmation Instructions - Kontracking"
    }

    mandrill_send options
  end


  def reset_password_instructions(record, token, opts={})
    options = {
      :subject => "Password Reset Instructions",
      :email => record.email,
      :global_merge_vars => [
        { 
          name: "password_reset_link",
          content: reset_password_url(reset_password_token: record.reset_password_token)
        }
      ],
      :template_name => "Password Reset Instructions - Kontracking"
    }

    mandrill_send options
  end


  def unlock_instructions(record, token, opts={})
    options = {
      :subject => "Account Unlock Instructions",
      :email => record.email,
      :global_merge_vars => [
        {
          name: "account_unlock_link",
          content: user_unlock_url(unlock_token: token)
        }
      ],
      :template_name => "Account Unlock Instructions - Kontracking"
    }

    mandrill_send options
  end


  def mandrill_send(opts={})
    message = {
      :subject => "#{opts[:subject]}",
      :from_name => "Kontracking",
      :from_email => "anthony.emtman@kredibleinc.com",
      :to =>
        [{"name" => "Some User",
          "email" => "#{opts[:email]}",
          "type" => "to"}],
      :global_merge_vars => opts[:global_merge_vars]
    }
    sending = MANDRILL.messages.send_template opts[:template_name], [], message
    rescue Mandrill::Error => e
      Rails.logger.debug("#{e.class}: #{e.message}")
      raise
  end


end

您还需要更改 Devise 初始化程序中的邮件程序配置以指向您的自定义邮件程序。

initializers/devise.rb:

  # ==> Mailer Configuration
  # Configure the e-mail address which will be shown in Devise::Mailer,
  # note that it will be overwritten if you use your own mailer class
  # with default "from" parameter.
  config.mailer_sender = 'john.smith@example.com'

  # Configure the class responsible to send e-mails.
  config.mailer = 'CustomDeviseMailer'

我还为 Mandrill 设置了一个简单的初始值设定项（我使用的是 Mandrill API-- 下面包含的文件）。

initializers/mandrill.rb:

require 'mandrill'

MANDRILL = Mandrill::API.new ENV['SMTP_PASSWORD']

config/environments/production.rb:

  # Do not dump schema after migrations.
  config.active_record.dump_schema_after_migration = false

  config.action_mailer.default_url_options = { host: ENV["SMTP_DOMAIN"] }
  config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :smtp
  config.action_mailer.perform_deliveries = true
  config.action_mailer.smtp_settings = {
    address: ENV.fetch("SMTP_ADDRESS"),
    authentication: :plain
    domain: ENV.fetch("SMTP_DOMAIN"),
    enable_starttls_auto: true,
    password: ENV.fetch("SMTP_PASSWORD"),
    port: "587",
    user_name: ENV.fetch("SMTP_USERNAME")
  }

config/environments/development.rb:

  # Care if the mailer can't send.
  config.action_mailer.raise_delivery_errors = true
  config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :test
  host = 'localhost:3000'
  config.action_mailer.default_url_options = { host: host }
  config.action_mailer.perform_deliveries = true

config/application.yml:

SMTP_ADDRESS: smtp.mandrillapp.com SMTP_DOMAIN: 本地主机 SMTP_PASSWORD: 'insert your Mandrill API key here--no quotes' SMTP_USERNAME: 'insert your Mandrill Username here--no quotes'

我正在使用 figaro 来管理这些。我设置了一个初始值设定项，因此如果它们未在服务器上设置，则会导致错误。

initializers/figaro.rb:

Figaro.require_keys("SMTP_ADDRESS", "SMTP_DOMAIN", 
  "SMTP_PASSWORD", "SMTP_USERNAME")

如果您有任何问题，请告诉我！

(NoMethodError: undefined method `email' for main:Object). Sending Welcome Email After Devise Confirm with Mandrill & Mailchimp

(NoMethodError: undefined method `email' for main:Object). Sending Welcome Email After Devise Confirm with Mandrill & Mailchimp

ruby

ruby-on-rails

devise

mailchimp

mandrill