库中的全局可变 HashMap

Question

我想要一个可扩展的字典，将 Object 与我的图书馆中的 &'static str 链接在一起。 HashMap 似乎是正确的数据结构，但我如何使它成为全局的、在声明时初始化和可变的？

所以像这样：

use std::collections::HashMap;

enum Object { A, B, C }

const OBJECT_STR: &'static [&'static str] = &[ "a", "b", "c" ];

static mut word_map: HashMap<&'static str, Object> = {
    let mut m = HashMap::new();
    m.insert(OBJECT_STR[0], Object::A);
    m.insert(OBJECT_STR[1], Object::B);
    m.insert(OBJECT_STR[2], Object::C);
    m
};

impl Object {
...
}

Answer 1

这可以通过 lazy_static crate. As seen in their example. Since mutablity accessing a static variable is unsafe, it would need to wrapped into a Mutex. I would recommend not making the HashMap public, but instead provide a set of methods that lock, and provide access to the HashMap. See this answer 创建一个全局可变的单例来实现。

#[macro_use]
extern crate lazy_static;

use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::sync::Mutex;

lazy_static! {
    static ref HASHMAP: Mutex<HashMap<u32, &'static str>> = {
        let mut m = HashMap::new();
        m.insert(0, "foo");
        m.insert(1, "bar");
        m.insert(2, "baz");
        Mutex::new(m)
    };    
}

fn main() {
    let mut map = HASHMAP.lock().unwrap();
    map.insert(3, "sample");
}

库中的全局可变 HashMap

Global mutable HashMap in a library

hashmap

libraries

rust