无法在 python3 asyncio 中正确接收数据报

Question

我写了简单的udp客户端程序，但是无法正确接收数据报。
我的代码如下。

import asyncio

class EchoClientProtocol:
    def __init__(self, message, loop):
        self.message = message
        self.loop = loop
        self.transport = None

    def connection_made(self, transport):
        self.transport = transport
        print('Send:', self.message)
        self.transport.sendto(self.message.encode())

    def datagram_received(self, data, addr):
        print('Received:', data.decode())

async def sendChar(transport, msg):
    print('send: ', msg)
    transport.sendto(msg.encode())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
    message = 'Hello World!'
    connect = loop.create_datagram_endpoint(
            lambda: EchoClientProtocol(message, loop),
            remote_addr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)
            )
    transport, protocol = loop.run_until_complete(connect)
    while (True):
        try:
            ch = input()
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            break
        loop.run_until_complete(sendChar(transport, ch))
    loop.run_forever()
    transport.close()
    loop.close()

还有我写的UDP echo server协议程序贴在asyncio文档里
(https://docs.python.org/3/library/asyncio-protocol.html#udp-echo-server-protocol)

运行这些程序，我想结果是这样的。

Send: Hello World!
Received: Hello World!
1
send: 1
Received: 1
2
send: 2
Received: 2

但是结果是这样的

Send: Hello World!
1
send: 1
Received: Hello World!
2
send: 2
Received: 1

为什么结果偏移了？
我搜索了 asyncio 模块，但我无法解决这个问题。

Answer 1

这是因为 while True 循环在下一次发送调用之前不会将控制权交还给 ioloop - input 正在阻塞。只需添加一些异步睡眠，以便 ioloop 可以处理事件以接收数据

while (True):
    try:
        loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.sleep(0.001))
        ch = input()
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        break
    loop.run_until_complete(sendChar(transport, ch))

而且由于 input 也会在此处阻塞，所以最好将其移至单独的线程：

import threading
import asyncio

class EchoClientProtocol:
    def __init__(self, message, loop):
        self.message = message
        self.loop = loop
        self.transport = None

    def connection_made(self, transport):
        self.transport = transport
        print('Send:', self.message)
        self.transport.sendto(self.message.encode())

    def datagram_received(self, data, addr):
        print('Received:', data.decode())

    def error_received(self, data, addr=None):
        raise data

async def sendChar(transport, msg):
    print('send: ', msg)
    transport.sendto(msg.encode())

user_input = [None]

# spawn a new thread to wait for input 
def get_user_input(user_input_ref):
    while True:
        user_input_ref[0] = input()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
    message = 'Hello World!'
    connect = loop.create_datagram_endpoint(
            lambda: EchoClientProtocol(message, loop),
            remote_addr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)
            )
    transport, protocol = loop.run_until_complete(connect)
    input_thread = threading.Thread(target=get_user_input, args=(user_input,))
    input_thread.daemon = True
    input_thread.start()
    while (True):
        if user_input[0] is not None:
            loop.run_until_complete(sendChar(transport, user_input[0]))
            user_input[0] = None
        loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.sleep(1))
    loop.run_forever()
    transport.close()
    loop.close()

我已经将你的代码与 waiting for user input in separate thread 混合在一起，当然是为了重构:)

无法在 python3 asyncio 中正确接收数据报

cannot receive datagram correctly in python3 asyncio

python

python-3.x

python-asyncio