使用 uWSGI 时导入 psycopg2._psycopg 时出错

Question

当我尝试运行 uwsgi --ini <my uwsi ini file>:

时出现以下导入错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/var/www/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py", line 20, in <module>
    import psycopg2 as Database
  File "/var/www/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 50, in <module>
    from psycopg2._psycopg import BINARY, NUMBER, STRING, DATETIME, ROWID
ImportError: No module named 'psycopg2._psycopg'

但是，当我运行站点

时，一切运行都很好

python manage.py runserver --settings=config.settings.prod

psycopg2 已安装，Django 查不到问题。只有当我运行服务器使用uwsgi时，它才能找到_psycopg模块。

这是我的uwsgi.ini:

[uwsgi]
# variables
base = /var/www/mysite

# general settings
master = True
plugins = python3
vacuum = True

env = DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=config.settings.prod
env = PYTHONHASHSEED=random

# directory containing packages
chdir=%(base)/server

# python modules and paths
home = %(base)/venv
module = config.wsgi:application
pythonpath = %(chdir)
pythonpath = %(home)/lib/python3.5/site-packages

# socket file settings
socket = %(base)/conf/%n.sock
uid = www-data
gid = www-data
chmod-socket = 644
chown-socket = www-data:www-data

# location of log files
logto = /var/log/uwsgi/%n.log

这两种模式有什么区别？我看到的唯一区别是我运行 manage.py 作为 root，而 uwsgi 运行s 作为用户 www-data（根据 .ini） , 但是运行ning uwsgi 作为 root 给出了同样的错误。

有什么线索吗？

编辑：

在 uwsgi 错误日志中找到线索：

*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.7-debian (64bit) on [Mon Jan 18 22:27:08 2016] ***
compiled with version: 4.9.1 on 25 October 2014 19:17:54
os: Linux-3.16.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.16.7-ckt20-1+deb8u2 (2016-01-02)
nodename: averna
machine: x86_64
clock source: unix
pcre jit disabled
detected number of CPU cores: 1
current working directory: /var/www/mysite/scripts
detected binary path: /usr/bin/uwsgi-core
your processes number limit is 1789
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
detected max file descriptor number: 65536
lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
uwsgi socket 0 bound to UNIX address /var/www/mysite/conf/uwsgi.sock fd 3
setgid() to 33
setuid() to 33
Python version: 3.4.2 (default, Oct  8 2014, 10:47:48)  [GCC 4.9.1]
PEP 405 virtualenv detected: /var/www/mysite/venv
Set PythonHome to /var/www/mysite/venv
*** Python threads support is disabled. You can enable it with --enable-threads ***
Python main interpreter initialized at 0x23b43f0
your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
mapped 145536 bytes (142 KB) for 1 cores
*** Operational MODE: single process ***
added /var/www/mysite/server/ to pythonpath.
added /var/www/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/ to pythonpath.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/var/www/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py", line 20, in <module>
    import psycopg2 as Database
  File "/var/www/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 50, in <module>
    from psycopg2._psycopg import BINARY, NUMBER, STRING, DATETIME, ROWID
ImportError: No module named 'psycopg2._psycopg'

它说 uwsgi 正在使用 Python 版本 3.4.2（系统版本），但我在 virtualenv 中运行ning 3.5.1。现在我该如何解决这个问题而不必在我的 virtualenv 中降级到 Python 3.4.2？

Answer 1

psycopg2 不适用于 python 3.5

来自the features list

Supports Python versions from 2.5 to 3.4 (Python 2.4 is supported until Psycopg versions 2.4.x).

如果你想使用这个包，你需要降级到 python 3.4

Answer 2

我通过避免 sudo apt-get install uwsgi 安装 uwsgi 和 uwsgi-plugin-python3 解决了这个问题。这导致了为 Python 3.4（也在我的系统上）构建的版本。

相反，我安装了 sudo pip3 install uwsgi，pip3 是我的 Python 3.5 目录中的那个。这为 Python 3.5 构建了 uwsgi 及其插件。我只需要将生成的 uwsgi 文件符号链接到 /usr/bin (ln -s <my python 3.5 dir>/bin/uwsgi /usr/bin/uwsgi)，以便它可用 system-wide.

psycopg2 对我来说似乎可以很好地与 Python 3.5 一起使用，所以我唯一的问题是 uwsgi 需要使用 Python 3.5.

使用 uWSGI 时导入 psycopg2._psycopg 时出错

Error importing psycopg2._psycopg when using uWSGI

django

psycopg2

uwsgi