lapply 正在将字符串转换为因子
lapply is converting strings to factors
我有以下列表元素（一个由字符串和数字单元格组成的数据框，其中
as.data.frame(lapply(t1[3], function(y) gsub("\s+", " ", y)),stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
生成数字数据框
1 c(84, 85, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 85, 6, 7, 8, 9, 85, 10, 11, 12, 13, 85, 14, 15, 16, 17, 85, 18, 85, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 85, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 85, 34, 35, 85, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 85, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 85, 46, 47, 85, 48, 49, 85, 50, 51, 85, 52, 53, 54, 85, 55, 56, 85, 57, 58, 59, 85, 60, 61, 62, 85, 63, 85, 64, 85, 65, 85, 66, 85, 67, 85, 68, 85, 69, 85, 70, 85, 71, 85, 72, 85, 73, 85, 74, 75, 76, 85, 77, 85, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83)
2 c(66, 114, 64, 21, 2, 102, 115, 52, 46, 47, 22, 53, 38, 80, 20, 39, 40, 62, 105, 28, 106, 63, 6, 7, 103, 67, 108, 71, 113, 112, 104, 10, 33, 15, 92, 97, 107, 55, 56, 41, 11, 36, 60, 37, 90, 70, 54, 8, 61, 91, 85, 3, 87, 75, 57, 86, 29, 69, 30, 59, 77, 74, 65, 99, 58, 93, 9, 19, 94, 34, 25, 35, 12, 68, 111, 13, 72, 98, 14, 73, 42, 43, 109, 110, 23, 24, 88, 89, 78, 79, 48, 49, 50, 51, 81, 82, 95, 96, 44, 45, 31, 32, 83, 16, 1, 84, 4, 5, 100, 17, 18, 101, 76, 27, 26)
3 c(2, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1)
4 c(1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2)
我只是将数据框中的多个空格替换为一个空格，那么为什么我会返回数字？我应该期待 strings
t1[3]的dput输出：
dput(t1[3])
structure(list(`NULL` = structure(list(V1 = structure(c(84L,
85L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 85L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 9L, 85L, 10L, 11L,
12L, 13L, 85L, 14L, 15L, 16L, 17L, 85L, 18L, 85L, 19L, 20L, 21L,
22L, 23L, 24L, 85L, 25L, 26L, 27L, 28L, 29L, 30L, 31L, 32L, 33L,
85L, 34L, 35L, 85L, 36L, 37L, 38L, 39L, 40L, 85L, 41L, 42L, 43L,
44L, 45L, 85L, 46L, 47L, 85L, 48L, 49L, 85L, 50L, 51L, 85L, 52L,
53L, 54L, 85L, 55L, 56L, 85L, 57L, 58L, 59L, 85L, 60L, 61L, 62L,
85L, 63L, 85L, 64L, 85L, 65L, 85L, 66L, 85L, 67L, 85L, 68L, 85L,
69L, 85L, 70L, 85L, 71L, 85L, 72L, 85L, 73L, 85L, 74L, 75L, 76L,
85L, 77L, 85L, 78L, 79L, 80L, 81L, 82L, 83L), .Label = c("01A",
"01B", "01C", "01D", "01Z", "02A", "02B", "02C", "02Z", "03A",
"03B", "03C", "03Z", "04A", "04B", "04C", "04Z", "05Z", "06A",
"06B", "06C", "06D", "06E", "06Z", "07A", "07B", "07C", "07D",
"07E", "07F", "07G", "07H", "07Z", "08A", "08Z", "09A", "09B",
"09C", "09D", "09Z", "10A", "10B", "10C", "10D", "10Z", "11A",
"11Z", "12A", "12B", "13A", "13Z", "14A", "14B", "14Z", "15A",
"15Z", "16A", "16B", "16Z", "17A", "17B", "17Z", "18Z", "19Z",
"20Z", "21Z", "22Z", "23Z", "24Z", "25Z", "26Z", "27Z", "28Z",
"29A", "29B", "29Z", "30Z", "31A", "31B", "31Z", "97Z", "98Z",
"99Z", "Value", " "), class = "factor"), V2 = structure(c(66L,
114L, 64L, 21L, 2L, 102L, 115L, 52L, 46L, 47L, 22L, 53L, 38L,
80L, 20L, 39L, 40L, 62L, 105L, 28L, 106L, 63L, 6L, 7L, 103L,
67L, 108L, 71L, 113L, 112L, 104L, 10L, 33L, 15L, 92L, 97L, 107L,
55L, 56L, 41L, 11L, 36L, 60L, 37L, 90L, 70L, 54L, 8L, 61L, 91L,
85L, 3L, 87L, 75L, 57L, 86L, 29L, 69L, 30L, 59L, 77L, 74L, 65L,
99L, 58L, 93L, 9L, 19L, 94L, 34L, 25L, 35L, 12L, 68L, 111L, 13L,
72L, 98L, 14L, 73L, 42L, 43L, 109L, 110L, 23L, 24L, 88L, 89L,
78L, 79L, 48L, 49L, 50L, 51L, 81L, 82L, 95L, 96L, 44L, 45L, 31L,
32L, 83L, 16L, 1L, 84L, 4L, 5L, 100L, 17L, 18L, 101L, 76L, 27L,
26L), .Label = c("Abdominal \r\n Pain", "Abrasion", "Alcohol",
"Allergy (including \r\n Anaphylaxis)", "Allergy (including \r\n Anaphylaxis), other or unspecified",
"Amputation", "Amputation, other or \r\n unspecified", "Animal Bite",
"Asthma", "Burns, Scalds and \r\n Thermal Conditions", "Burns, Scalds and Thermal \r\n Conditions, other or unspecified",
"Cardiovascular \r\n Conditions", "Cardiovascular Conditions, \r\n other or unspecified",
"Cerebrovascular \r\n Event", "Chemical", "Chest Pain, non \r\n cardiac",
"Chronic Alcohol \r\n Abuse", "Chronic Drug \r\n Abuse",
"Chronic Obstructive \r\n Pulmonary disease", "Closed \r\n Fracture",
"Contusion", "Dental \r\nInjury", "Dermatological \r\n Conditions",
"Dermatological Conditions, \r\n other or unspecified",
"Diabetes", "Diagnosis Not \r\n Recorded", "Diagnosis Type Not \r\n Otherwise Specified",
"Dislocation", "Drowning", "Drowning, other or \r\n unspecified",
"Ear, Nose and Throat \r\n Conditions", "Ear, Nose and Throat \r\n Conditions, other or unspecified",
"Electric", "Endocrinological \r\n Conditions", "Endocrinological \r\n Conditions, other or unspecified",
"Foreign \r\n Body", "Foreign Body, other or \r\n unspecified",
"Fracture", "Fracture \r\n Dislocation", "Fracture, other or \r\n unspecified",
"Frostbite", "Gastrointestinal \r\n Conditions", "Gastrointestinal \r\n Conditions, other or unspecified",
"Genito-Urinary \r\n Medicine", "Genito-urinary Medicine, \r\n other or unspecified",
"Glasgow Coma Score \r\n 15", "Glasgow Coma Score \r\n <15",
"Gynaecological \r\n Conditions", "Gynaecological Conditions, \r\n other or unspecified",
"Haematological \r\n Conditions", "Haematological Conditions, \r\n other or unspecified",
"Head \r\n Injury", "Head Injury, other or \r\n unspecified",
"Human Bite", "Hyperthermia", "Hypothermia", "Illicit \r\n Drug",
"Infection, other or \r\n unspecified", "Infectious \r\n Disease",
"Ingested Foreign \r\n Body", "Insect Bite or \r\n Sting",
"Joint \r\n Injury", "Joint Injury, other or \r\n unspecified",
"Laceration", "Local \r\n Infection", "Meaning", "Muscle \r\nInjury",
"Myocardial \r\n Infarction", "Near \r\nDrowning", "Needle Stick \r\n Injury",
"Nerve Injury", "Neurological Conditions", "Neurological Conditions, \r\n other or unspecified",
"Non-notifiable \r\n Disease", "Non-prescribed/purchased \r\n drug",
"Nothing Abnormal \r\n Detected", "Notifiable \r\n Disease",
"Obstetric \r\n Conditions", "Obstetric Conditions, \r\n other or unspecified",
"Open \r\nFracture", "Ophthalmic \r\n Conditions", "Ophthalmic Conditions, \r\n other or unspecified",
"Pain", "Pain, other or \r\n unspecified", "Poisoning or \r\n Overdose",
"Poisoning or Overdose, \r\n other or unspecified", "Prescribed \r\n Drug",
"Psychological/Psychiatric \r\n Conditions", "Psychological/Psychiatric \r\n Conditions, other or unspecified",
"Puncture \r\n Wounds", "Puncture Wounds, other or \r\n unspecified",
"Radiation", "Respiratory \r\n Conditions", "Respiratory Conditions, \r\n other or unspecified",
"Rheumatological \r\n Conditions", "Rheumatological \r\n Conditions, other or unspecified",
"Scald", "Seizure/Convulsion", "Septicaemia", "Social \r\n Problems/Homelessness",
"Social \r\n Problems/Homelessness, other or unspecified",
"Soft tissue \r\n inflammation", "Soft Tissue \r\n Injury",
"Soft Tissue Injury, other \r\n or unspecified", "Sprain",
"Subluxation", "Sunburn", "Tendon \r\nInjury", "Urological Conditions",
"Urological Conditions, \r\n other or unspecified", "Vascular Condition",
"Vascular \r\n Injury", "Visceral \r\n Injury", "Wound",
"Wound, other or \r\n unspecified"), class = "factor"),
V3 = structure(c(2L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L,
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L,
1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L,
1L, 3L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L, 1L,
3L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L
), .Label = c("1st July 2010", "Valid From", " "), class = "factor"),
V4 = structure(c(1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L
), .Label = c("Valid To", " "), class = "factor")), .Names = c("V1",
"V2", "V3", "V4"), row.names = c(NA, -115L), class = "data.frame")), .Names = "NULL")
t1[3] 仍然是具有一个 list 元素的 list。我们可以 select 元素，然后循环遍历 'data.frame' 的列，使用 gsub。输出将是 list。这可以用 data.frame.
包裹
lapply(t1[3][[1]], function(y) gsub("\s+", " ", y))
我有以下列表元素（一个由字符串和数字单元格组成的数据框，其中
as.data.frame(lapply(t1[3], function(y) gsub("\s+", " ", y)),stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
生成数字数据框
1 c(84, 85, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 85, 6, 7, 8, 9, 85, 10, 11, 12, 13, 85, 14, 15, 16, 17, 85, 18, 85, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 85, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 85, 34, 35, 85, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 85, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 85, 46, 47, 85, 48, 49, 85, 50, 51, 85, 52, 53, 54, 85, 55, 56, 85, 57, 58, 59, 85, 60, 61, 62, 85, 63, 85, 64, 85, 65, 85, 66, 85, 67, 85, 68, 85, 69, 85, 70, 85, 71, 85, 72, 85, 73, 85, 74, 75, 76, 85, 77, 85, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83)
2 c(66, 114, 64, 21, 2, 102, 115, 52, 46, 47, 22, 53, 38, 80, 20, 39, 40, 62, 105, 28, 106, 63, 6, 7, 103, 67, 108, 71, 113, 112, 104, 10, 33, 15, 92, 97, 107, 55, 56, 41, 11, 36, 60, 37, 90, 70, 54, 8, 61, 91, 85, 3, 87, 75, 57, 86, 29, 69, 30, 59, 77, 74, 65, 99, 58, 93, 9, 19, 94, 34, 25, 35, 12, 68, 111, 13, 72, 98, 14, 73, 42, 43, 109, 110, 23, 24, 88, 89, 78, 79, 48, 49, 50, 51, 81, 82, 95, 96, 44, 45, 31, 32, 83, 16, 1, 84, 4, 5, 100, 17, 18, 101, 76, 27, 26)
3 c(2, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1)
4 c(1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2)
我只是将数据框中的多个空格替换为一个空格，那么为什么我会返回数字？我应该期待 strings
t1[3]的dput输出：
dput(t1[3])
structure(list(`NULL` = structure(list(V1 = structure(c(84L,
85L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 85L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 9L, 85L, 10L, 11L,
12L, 13L, 85L, 14L, 15L, 16L, 17L, 85L, 18L, 85L, 19L, 20L, 21L,
22L, 23L, 24L, 85L, 25L, 26L, 27L, 28L, 29L, 30L, 31L, 32L, 33L,
85L, 34L, 35L, 85L, 36L, 37L, 38L, 39L, 40L, 85L, 41L, 42L, 43L,
44L, 45L, 85L, 46L, 47L, 85L, 48L, 49L, 85L, 50L, 51L, 85L, 52L,
53L, 54L, 85L, 55L, 56L, 85L, 57L, 58L, 59L, 85L, 60L, 61L, 62L,
85L, 63L, 85L, 64L, 85L, 65L, 85L, 66L, 85L, 67L, 85L, 68L, 85L,
69L, 85L, 70L, 85L, 71L, 85L, 72L, 85L, 73L, 85L, 74L, 75L, 76L,
85L, 77L, 85L, 78L, 79L, 80L, 81L, 82L, 83L), .Label = c("01A",
"01B", "01C", "01D", "01Z", "02A", "02B", "02C", "02Z", "03A",
"03B", "03C", "03Z", "04A", "04B", "04C", "04Z", "05Z", "06A",
"06B", "06C", "06D", "06E", "06Z", "07A", "07B", "07C", "07D",
"07E", "07F", "07G", "07H", "07Z", "08A", "08Z", "09A", "09B",
"09C", "09D", "09Z", "10A", "10B", "10C", "10D", "10Z", "11A",
"11Z", "12A", "12B", "13A", "13Z", "14A", "14B", "14Z", "15A",
"15Z", "16A", "16B", "16Z", "17A", "17B", "17Z", "18Z", "19Z",
"20Z", "21Z", "22Z", "23Z", "24Z", "25Z", "26Z", "27Z", "28Z",
"29A", "29B", "29Z", "30Z", "31A", "31B", "31Z", "97Z", "98Z",
"99Z", "Value", " "), class = "factor"), V2 = structure(c(66L,
114L, 64L, 21L, 2L, 102L, 115L, 52L, 46L, 47L, 22L, 53L, 38L,
80L, 20L, 39L, 40L, 62L, 105L, 28L, 106L, 63L, 6L, 7L, 103L,
67L, 108L, 71L, 113L, 112L, 104L, 10L, 33L, 15L, 92L, 97L, 107L,
55L, 56L, 41L, 11L, 36L, 60L, 37L, 90L, 70L, 54L, 8L, 61L, 91L,
85L, 3L, 87L, 75L, 57L, 86L, 29L, 69L, 30L, 59L, 77L, 74L, 65L,
99L, 58L, 93L, 9L, 19L, 94L, 34L, 25L, 35L, 12L, 68L, 111L, 13L,
72L, 98L, 14L, 73L, 42L, 43L, 109L, 110L, 23L, 24L, 88L, 89L,
78L, 79L, 48L, 49L, 50L, 51L, 81L, 82L, 95L, 96L, 44L, 45L, 31L,
32L, 83L, 16L, 1L, 84L, 4L, 5L, 100L, 17L, 18L, 101L, 76L, 27L,
26L), .Label = c("Abdominal \r\n Pain", "Abrasion", "Alcohol",
"Allergy (including \r\n Anaphylaxis)", "Allergy (including \r\n Anaphylaxis), other or unspecified",
"Amputation", "Amputation, other or \r\n unspecified", "Animal Bite",
"Asthma", "Burns, Scalds and \r\n Thermal Conditions", "Burns, Scalds and Thermal \r\n Conditions, other or unspecified",
"Cardiovascular \r\n Conditions", "Cardiovascular Conditions, \r\n other or unspecified",
"Cerebrovascular \r\n Event", "Chemical", "Chest Pain, non \r\n cardiac",
"Chronic Alcohol \r\n Abuse", "Chronic Drug \r\n Abuse",
"Chronic Obstructive \r\n Pulmonary disease", "Closed \r\n Fracture",
"Contusion", "Dental \r\nInjury", "Dermatological \r\n Conditions",
"Dermatological Conditions, \r\n other or unspecified",
"Diabetes", "Diagnosis Not \r\n Recorded", "Diagnosis Type Not \r\n Otherwise Specified",
"Dislocation", "Drowning", "Drowning, other or \r\n unspecified",
"Ear, Nose and Throat \r\n Conditions", "Ear, Nose and Throat \r\n Conditions, other or unspecified",
"Electric", "Endocrinological \r\n Conditions", "Endocrinological \r\n Conditions, other or unspecified",
"Foreign \r\n Body", "Foreign Body, other or \r\n unspecified",
"Fracture", "Fracture \r\n Dislocation", "Fracture, other or \r\n unspecified",
"Frostbite", "Gastrointestinal \r\n Conditions", "Gastrointestinal \r\n Conditions, other or unspecified",
"Genito-Urinary \r\n Medicine", "Genito-urinary Medicine, \r\n other or unspecified",
"Glasgow Coma Score \r\n 15", "Glasgow Coma Score \r\n <15",
"Gynaecological \r\n Conditions", "Gynaecological Conditions, \r\n other or unspecified",
"Haematological \r\n Conditions", "Haematological Conditions, \r\n other or unspecified",
"Head \r\n Injury", "Head Injury, other or \r\n unspecified",
"Human Bite", "Hyperthermia", "Hypothermia", "Illicit \r\n Drug",
"Infection, other or \r\n unspecified", "Infectious \r\n Disease",
"Ingested Foreign \r\n Body", "Insect Bite or \r\n Sting",
"Joint \r\n Injury", "Joint Injury, other or \r\n unspecified",
"Laceration", "Local \r\n Infection", "Meaning", "Muscle \r\nInjury",
"Myocardial \r\n Infarction", "Near \r\nDrowning", "Needle Stick \r\n Injury",
"Nerve Injury", "Neurological Conditions", "Neurological Conditions, \r\n other or unspecified",
"Non-notifiable \r\n Disease", "Non-prescribed/purchased \r\n drug",
"Nothing Abnormal \r\n Detected", "Notifiable \r\n Disease",
"Obstetric \r\n Conditions", "Obstetric Conditions, \r\n other or unspecified",
"Open \r\nFracture", "Ophthalmic \r\n Conditions", "Ophthalmic Conditions, \r\n other or unspecified",
"Pain", "Pain, other or \r\n unspecified", "Poisoning or \r\n Overdose",
"Poisoning or Overdose, \r\n other or unspecified", "Prescribed \r\n Drug",
"Psychological/Psychiatric \r\n Conditions", "Psychological/Psychiatric \r\n Conditions, other or unspecified",
"Puncture \r\n Wounds", "Puncture Wounds, other or \r\n unspecified",
"Radiation", "Respiratory \r\n Conditions", "Respiratory Conditions, \r\n other or unspecified",
"Rheumatological \r\n Conditions", "Rheumatological \r\n Conditions, other or unspecified",
"Scald", "Seizure/Convulsion", "Septicaemia", "Social \r\n Problems/Homelessness",
"Social \r\n Problems/Homelessness, other or unspecified",
"Soft tissue \r\n inflammation", "Soft Tissue \r\n Injury",
"Soft Tissue Injury, other \r\n or unspecified", "Sprain",
"Subluxation", "Sunburn", "Tendon \r\nInjury", "Urological Conditions",
"Urological Conditions, \r\n other or unspecified", "Vascular Condition",
"Vascular \r\n Injury", "Visceral \r\n Injury", "Wound",
"Wound, other or \r\n unspecified"), class = "factor"),
V3 = structure(c(2L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L,
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L,
1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L,
1L, 3L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L, 1L,
3L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L
), .Label = c("1st July 2010", "Valid From", " "), class = "factor"),
V4 = structure(c(1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L
), .Label = c("Valid To", " "), class = "factor")), .Names = c("V1",
"V2", "V3", "V4"), row.names = c(NA, -115L), class = "data.frame")), .Names = "NULL")
t1[3] 仍然是具有一个 list 元素的 list。我们可以 select 元素，然后循环遍历 'data.frame' 的列，使用 gsub。输出将是 list。这可以用 data.frame.
lapply(t1[3][[1]], function(y) gsub("\s+", " ", y))