在 Access VBA 中更新 SQL -- 从另一个 Table 更新 Table 值

Question

我对 Access VBA 和 SQL 编码还很陌生。到目前为止，我已经能够通过使用 Internet 找到大部分问题的答案。我目前正在尝试在 MS Access (2013) VBA 中编写一些代码，当特定表单关闭时，这些代码会从同一数据库中的另一个 table 更新一个 table 中的数据。

到目前为止，我已经解决了几个错误，但我一直卡在 "UPDATE" 中 SQLReplace 的语法错误。可能还有其他我不知道的错误，但我不确定。任何 help/Guidance 将不胜感激！

谢谢！

Private Sub Form_Close()

Dim SQLMove As String
Dim SQLReplace As String

Dim CountyCaseType As String
Dim CaseNumber As String
Dim County As String
Dim FirstName As String
Dim MiddleName As String
Dim LastName As String
Dim Facility As String
Dim VOL As String
Dim Diagnosis As String
Dim AppearanceWaived As String
Dim Dismissed As String
Dim HearingResults As String
Dim Disposition As String
Dim DOB As String
Dim Minor As String
Dim Sex As String
Dim ClerkName As String
Dim Judge As String
Dim CourtDate As String


CountyCaseType = "Tables!tblTemp.CountyCaseType.Value"
CaseNumber = "Tables!tblTemp.CaseNumber.Value"
County = "Tables!tblTemp.County.Value"
FirstName = "Tables!tblTemp.FirstName.Value"
MiddleName = "Tables!tblTemp.MiddleName.Value"
LastName = "Tables!tblTemp.LastName.Value"
Facility = "Tables!tblTemp.Facility.Value"
VOL = "Tables!tblTemp.VOL.Value"
Diagnosis = "Tables!tblTemp.Diagnosis.Value"
AppearanceWaived = "Tables!tblTemp.AppearanceWaived.Value"
Dismissed = "Tables!tblTemp.Dismissed.Value"
HearingResults = "Tables!tblTemp.HearingResults.Value"
Disposition = "Tables!tblTemp.Disposition.Value"
DOB = "Tables!tblTemp.DOB.Value"
Minor = "Tables!tblTemp.Minor.Value"
Sex = "Tables!tblTemp.Sex.Value"
ClerkName = "Tables!tblTemp.Clerk.Value"
Judge = "Tables!tblTemp.Judge.Value"
CourtDate = "Tables!tblTemp.CourtDate.Value"

SQLMove = "INSERT INTO tblCalendar SELECT * FROM tblTemp"
SQLReplace = "UPDATE tblCalendar " & _
                     "SET tblCalendar.CountyCaseType.Value = CountyCaseType, " & _
                     "    tblCalendar.CaseNumber.Value = CaseNumber, " & _
                     "    tblCalendar.County.Value = County, " & _
                     "    tblCalendar.FirstName.Value = FirstName, " & _
                     "    tblCalendar.MiddleName.Value = MiddleName, " & _
                     "    tblCalendar.LastName.Value = LastName, " & _
                     "    tblCalendar.Facility.Value = Facility, " & _
                     "    tblCalendar.VOL.Value = VOL, " & _
                     "    tblCalendar.Diagnosis.Value = Diagnosis, " & _
                     "    tblCalendar.AppearanceWaived.Value = AppearanceWaived, " & _
                     "    tblCalendar.Dismissed.Value = Dismissed, " & _
                     "    tblCalendar.HearingResults.Value = HearingResults, " & _
                     "    tblCalendar.Disposition.Value = Disposition, " & _
                     "    tblCalendar.DOB.Value = DOB, " & _
                     "    tblCalendar.Minor.Value = Minor, " & _
                     "    tblCalendar.Sex.Value = Sex, " & _
                     "    tblCalendar.ClerkName.Value = Clerk, " & _
                     "    tblCalendar.Judge.Value = Judge, " & _
                     "FROM tblTemp " & _
                     "Where 'CourtDate = tblCalendar.CourtDate.Value'"
DoCmd.SetWarnings False
DoCmd.RunSQL (SQLMove)
DoCmd.RunSQL (SQLReplace)
DoCmd.SetWarnings True
End Sub

Answer 1

删除 "Where 'CourtDate = tblCalendar.CourtDate.Value'"

中的单引号

Answer 2

您的代码中存在几个潜在的错误：

您无需在属性末尾添加 .Value 即可获得其实际值。
因为您直接在 Access 中工作，所以您也不需要 Tables! 部分。这是处理记录集时使用的语法。例如，写 tblTemp.CountyCaseType 而不是 Tables!tblTemp.CountyCaseType.Value

您的变量值不在 SQL 字符串中。您必须使用 [&] 将它们连接到 SQL 替换字符串。例如写

SQLReplace = "UPDATE tblCalendar " & _
                 "SET tblCalendar.CountyCaseType = " & CountyCaseType & ", " & _
                 "    tblCalendar.CaseNumber = " & CaseNumber & ", " & _
                 ....

正如@AlanHadsell 指出的那样，从 WHERE 子句中删除单引号。
```
Where 'CourtDate = tblCalendar.CourtDate.Value'
```
应该是
```
WHERE CourtDate = tblCalendar.CourtDate
```
但是正如我在3)中所说，CourTDate是一个String变量，所以需要连接起来。您的最终 WHERE 子句应为：
```
"WHERE " & CourtDate & " = tblCalendar.CourtDate"
```
您不需要 SQL替换字符串中的 FROM tblTemp 子句。
EDIT：正如@Parfait 指出的那样，SQLReplace 语句的范围内不存在 tblTemp。你应该做一个 INNER JOIN 来解决这个问题：
```
UPDATE tblCalendar INNER JOIN tblTemp ON tblCalendar.CourtDate = tblTemp.CourtDate SET ...
```

修复所有问题后，您的最终代码应如下所示：

Private Sub Form_Close()

    Dim SQLMove As String
    Dim SQLReplace As String

    Dim CountyCaseType As String
    Dim CaseNumber As String
    Dim County As String
    Dim FirstName As String
    Dim MiddleName As String
    Dim LastName As String
    Dim Facility As String
    Dim VOL As String
    Dim Diagnosis As String
    Dim AppearanceWaived As String
    Dim Dismissed As String
    Dim HearingResults As String
    Dim Disposition As String
    Dim DOB As String
    Dim Minor As String
    Dim Sex As String
    Dim ClerkName As String
    Dim Judge As String
    Dim CourtDate As String


    CountyCaseType = "tblTemp.CountyCaseType"
    CaseNumber = "tblTemp.CaseNumber"
    County = "tblTemp.County"
    FirstName = "tblTemp.FirstName"
    MiddleName = "tblTemp.MiddleName"
    LastName = "tblTemp.LastName"
    Facility = "tblTemp.Facility"
    VOL = "tblTemp.VOL"
    Diagnosis = "tblTemp.Diagnosis"
    AppearanceWaived = "tblTemp.AppearanceWaived"
    Dismissed = "tblTemp.Dismissed"
    HearingResults = "tblTemp.HearingResults"
    Disposition = "tblTemp.Disposition"
    DOB = "tblTemp.DOB"
    Minor = "tblTemp.Minor"
    Sex = "tblTemp.Sex"
    ClerkName = "tblTemp.Clerk"
    Judge = "tblTemp.Judge"
    CourtDate = "tblTemp.CourtDate"

    SQLMove = "INSERT INTO tblCalendar SELECT * FROM tblTemp"
    SQLReplace = "UPDATE tblCalendar " & _
                 "INNER JOIN tblTemp ON tblCalendar.CourtDate = tblTemp.CourtDate " & _
                         "SET tblCalendar.CountyCaseType = " & CountyCaseType & ", " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.CaseNumber = " & CaseNumber & ", " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.County = " & County & ", " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.FirstName = " & FirstName & ", " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.MiddleName = " & MiddleName & ", " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.LastName = " & LastName & ", " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.Facility = " & Facility & ", " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.VOL = " & VOL & ", " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.Diagnosis = " & Diagnosis & ", " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.AppearanceWaived = " & AppearanceWaived & ", " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.Dismissed = " & Dismissed & ", " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.HearingResults = " & HearingResults & ", " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.Disposition = " & Disposition & ", " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.DOB = " & DOB & ", " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.Minor = " & Minor & ", " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.Sex = " & Sex & ", " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.ClerkName = " & Clerk & ", " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.Judge = " & Judge 
    DoCmd.SetWarnings False
    DoCmd.RunSQL (SQLMove)
    DoCmd.RunSQL (SQLReplace)
    DoCmd.SetWarnings True
End Sub

最后，您可以简单地省略声明并将属性直接在 SQL 中。这将大大减少代码的长度，如下所示：

Private Sub Form_Close()

    Dim SQLMove As String
    Dim SQLReplace As String

    SQLMove = "INSERT INTO tblCalendar SELECT * FROM tblTemp"
    SQLReplace = "UPDATE tblCalendar " & _
                 "INNER JOIN tblTemp ON tblCalendar.CourtDate = tblTemp.CourtDate " & _
                         "SET tblCalendar.CountyCaseType = tblTemp.CountyCaseType, " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.CaseNumber = tblTemp.CaseNumber, " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.County = tblTemp.County, " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.FirstName = tblTemp.FirstName, " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.MiddleName = tblTemp.MiddleName, " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.LastName = tblTemp.LastName, " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.Facility = tblTemp.Facility, " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.VOL = tblTemp.VOL, " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.Diagnosis = tblTemp.Diagnosis, " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.AppearanceWaived = tblTemp.AppearanceWaived, " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.Dismissed = tblTemp.Dismissed, " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.HearingResults = tblTemp.HearingResults, " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.Disposition = tblTemp.Disposition, " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.DOB = tblTemp.DOB, " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.Minor = tblTemp.Minor, " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.Sex = tblTemp.Sex, " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.ClerkName = tblTemp.ClerkName, " & _
                         "    tblCalendar.Judge = tblTemp.Judge"
    DoCmd.SetWarnings False
    DoCmd.RunSQL (SQLMove)
    DoCmd.RunSQL (SQLReplace)
    DoCmd.SetWarnings True
End Sub

在 Access VBA 中更新 SQL -- 从另一个 Table 更新 Table 值

Update SQL in Access VBA -- Updating Table Values From Another Table

sql

vba

ms-access-2013