Mojo::DOMHTML提取

Mojo::DOM HTML extraction

我正在尝试从结构完美的网页中提取相当多的数据并努力使用 Mojo::DOM 方法。如果有人能指出正确的方向,我将不胜感激。

带有有趣数据的截断 HTML 如下:

 <div class="post" data-story-id="3964117" data-visited="false">//extracting story-id
  <h2 class="post_title page_title"><a href="http://example.com/story/some_url" class="to-comments">header.</a></h2>
  //useless data and tags

<a href="http://example.com/story/some_url" class="b-story__show-all">
  <span>useless data</span>
</a>

<div class="post_tags">
  <ul>
    <li class="post_tag post_tag_strawberry hidden"><a href="http://example.com/search.php?n=32&r=3">&nbsp;</a></li>
    <li class="post_tag"><a href="http://example.com/tag/tag1/hot">tag1</a></li>
    <li class="post_tag"><a href="http://example.com/tag/tag2/hot">tag2</a></li>
    <li class="post_tag"><a href="http://example.com/tag/tag1/hot">tag3</a></li>
  </ul>
</div>

<div class="post_actions_box">

  <div class="post_rating_box">
    <ul data-story-id="3964117" data-vote="0" data-can-vote="true">
      <li><span class="post_rating post_rating_up control">&nbsp;</span></li>
      <li><span class="post_rating_count control label">1956</span></li> //1956 - interesting value
      <li><span class="post_rating post_rating_down control">&nbsp;</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <div class="post_more_box">
    <ul>
      <li>
        <span class="post_more control">&nbsp;</span>
      </li>
      <li>
        <a class="post_comments_count label to-comments" href="http://example.com/story/some_url#comments">132&nbsp;<i>&nbsp;</i></a>
      </li>
    </ul>
  </div>

</div>
</div>

我现在拥有的是

use strict;
use warnings;

use Data::Dumper;
use Mojo::DOM;


my $file = "index2.html";
local( $/, *FH ) ;
open( FH, $file ) or die "sudden flaming death\n";
my $text = <FH>;
my $dom = Mojo::DOM->new;
$dom->parse($text);
my $ids = $dom->find('div.post')
    ->each (sub {print $_->attr('data-story-id'), "\n";});
$dom->find('a.to-comments')->each (sub {print $_->text, "\n";});

这个混乱从 src 和 header 值中提取 data-story-id(用 href 值测试相同),但我所有其他尝试都失败了。

3964117
Header
132

"post_rating_count control label" 未提取。我可以通过搜索 a.to-comments 并返回 attr('href') 来获得第一个 href 值,但出于某种原因,它还会在带有 [=19= 的段末尾返回 link 的值]. header 值提取也是如此。

最后,我正在寻找一个具有以下字段的数据结构的数组:

另外,我觉得可以优化代码,让它看起来更好一点,但是我的kung-fu没那么强

正如我在评论中所说,您的 HTML 格式错误。我猜到丢失的 <div> 可能会去哪里,但我可能错了。我假设数据中的最后一个 </div> 对应于第一个 <div>,因此整个块构成一个 post

您遇到的主要问题是试图在 Mojo::Collection 对象的 each 方法调用中执行所有操作。使用 Perl 迭代每个集合要容易得多,就像这样

use strict;
use warnings;

use Mojo::DOM;

use constant HTML_FILE => 'index2.html';

my $html = do {
    open my $fh, '<', HTML_FILE or die $!;
    local $/;
    <$fh>;
};

my $dom = Mojo::DOM->new($html);

for my $post ( $dom->find('div.post')->each ) {

    printf "Post ID:     %s\n", $post->attr('data-story-id');

    my $anchor = $post->at('h2.post_title > a');
    printf "Post href:   %s\n", $anchor->attr('href');
    printf "Post header: %s\n", $anchor->text;

    my @tags = $post->find('li.post_tag > a')->map('text')->each;

    printf "Tags:        %s\n", join ', ', @tags;

    print "\n";
}

输出

Post ID:     3964117
Post href:   http://example.com/story/some_url
Post header: Header
Tags:        some_value, tag1, tag2, tag3