通过 otool 查看时，install-name-tool 不会添加到库的路径？
install-name-tool does not add path to library when viewed through otool?
我使用 Xcode 和 Qt 完成了我的 mac 应用程序。现在我想准备将其部署到其他 macs。为此，我使用了 macdeployqt.
我刚刚使用 macdeployqt 创建了一个应用程序包。但是缺少一些库。我试图遵循 [this][1] 答案。结果我需要将丢失的 dylib 从我的计算机复制到 .app，然后 运行 安装名称工具。我还没有使用 install-name 工具，因为我对使用 -id 或 -change 感到困惑，尤其是在我当前的情况下。我什至需要使用它吗？这是我到目前为止所做的。
第 1 步：运行 macdeployqt - 这是 Qt 自带的程序，将 qt 的必要要求嵌入到应用程序中。
> /Users/Guest/Qt/5.5/clang_64/bin/macdeployqt project2.app
第 2 步：然后我决定 运行 在实际生成的应用程序二进制文件上使用 otool
> pwd
/Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS
> otool -L project2
project2:
@rpath/libcreatecore_rt.dylib (compatibility version 0.0.0, current version 0.0.0)
@rpath/QtQuick.framework/Versions/5/QtQuick (compatibility version 5.5.0, current version 5.5.1)
@rpath/QtConcurrent.framework/Versions/5/QtConcurrent (compatibility version 5.5.0, current version 5.5.1)
@rpath/QtSvg.framework/Versions/5/QtSvg (compatibility version 5.5.0, current version 5.5.1)
/System/Library/Frameworks/AGL.framework/Versions/A/AGL (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.0.0)
/System/Library/Frameworks/OpenGL.framework/Versions/A/OpenGL (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.0.0)
@executable_path/../Frameworks/libosg.141.dylib (compatibility version 141.0.0, current version 3.5.1)
@executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgDB.141.dylib (compatibility version 141.0.0, current version 3.5.1)
@executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgGA.141.dylib (compatibility version 141.0.0, current version 3.5.1)
@executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgUtil.141.dylib (compatibility version 141.0.0, current version 3.5.1)
@executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgViewer.141.dylib (compatibility version 141.0.0, current version 3.5.1)
@executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgManipulator.141.dylib (compatibility version 141.0.0, current version 3.5.1)
@executable_path/../Frameworks/libOpenThreads.20.dylib (compatibility version 20.0.0, current version 3.3.0)
/usr/lib/libz.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.2.5)
/System/Library/Frameworks/Cocoa.framework/Versions/A/Cocoa (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 22.0.0)
/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreFoundation.framework/Versions/A/CoreFoundation (compatibility version 150.0.0, current version 1256.14.0)
/usr/lib/libiconv.2.dylib (compatibility version 7.0.0, current version 7.0.0)
@rpath/libtbb.dylib (compatibility version 0.0.0, current version 0.0.0)
@rpath/libtbb_debug.dylib (compatibility version 0.0.0, current version 0.0.0)
@rpath/libtbbmalloc_debug.dylib (compatibility version 0.0.0, current version 0.0.0)
@rpath/libtbbmalloc_proxy.dylib (compatibility version 0.0.0, current version 0.0.0)
@rpath/libtbbmalloc_proxy_debug.dylib (compatibility version 0.0.0, current version 0.0.0)
@rpath/libtbb_preview.dylib (compatibility version 0.0.0, current version 0.0.0)
@rpath/libtbb_preview_debug.dylib (compatibility version 0.0.0, current version 0.0.0)
@rpath/libquazip.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.0.0)
@executable_path/../Frameworks/libprotobuf.9.dylib (compatibility version 10.0.0, current version 10.1.0)
@rpath/QtQml.framework/Versions/5/QtQml (compatibility version 5.5.0, current version 5.5.1)
@rpath/QtNetwork.framework/Versions/5/QtNetwork (compatibility version 5.5.0, current version 5.5.1)
@rpath/QtWidgets.framework/Versions/5/QtWidgets (compatibility version 5.5.0, current version 5.5.1)
@rpath/QtGui.framework/Versions/5/QtGui (compatibility version 5.5.0, current version 5.5.1)
@rpath/QtCore.framework/Versions/5/QtCore (compatibility version 5.5.0, current version 5.5.1)
/usr/lib/libc++.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 120.1.0)
/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1226.10.1)
第 3 步：
但是我注意到我的 project2.app/Contents/Frameworks 里面没有那些库。所以我决定手动复制它们。
cp /usr/local/lib/libosg.141.dylib project2.app/Contents/Frameworks/libosg.141.dylib
cp /usr/local/lib/libosgDB.141.dylib project2.app/Contents/Frameworks/libosgDB.141.dylib
cp /usr/local/lib/libosgGA.141.dylib project2.app/Contents/Frameworks/libosgGA.141.dylib
cp /usr/local/lib/libosgUtil.141.dylib project2.app/Contents/Frameworks/libosgUtil.141.dylib
cp /usr/local/lib/libosgViewer.141.dylib project2.app/Contents/Frameworks/libosgViewer.141.dylib
cp /usr/local/lib/libosgManipulator.141.dylib project2.app/Contents/Frameworks/libosgManipulator.141.dylib
cp /usr/local/lib/libOpenThreads.20.dylib project2.app/Contents/Frameworks/libOpenThreads.20.dylib
你能告诉我复制这些文件后下一步应该做什么吗？
这是我在不使用 install_name_tool
的情况下尝试在另一台计算机上 运行 应用程序时得到的输出
Dyld Error Message:
Library not loaded: libosgUtil.141.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/one/Desktop/project2.app/Contents/Frameworks/libosgDB.141.dylib
Reason: image not found
Binary Images:
0x7fff6c436000 - 0x7fff6c46c837 dyld (353.2.1) <65DCCB06-339C-3E25-9702-600A28291D0E> /usr/lib/dyld
更新：
经过一番挣扎，我决定执行以下操作
install_name_tool -change libosg.141.dylib @executable_path/../Frameworks/libosg.141.dylib /Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS/project2
install_name_tool -change libosgDB.141.dylib @executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgDB.141.dylib /Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS/project2
install_name_tool -change libosgGA.141.dylib @executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgGA.141.dylib /Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS/project2
install_name_tool -change libosgUtil.141.dylib @executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgUtil.141.dylib /Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS/project2
install_name_tool -change libosgViewer.141.dylib @executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgViewer.141.dylib /Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS/project2
install_name_tool -change libosgManipulator.141.dylib @executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgManipulator.141.dylib /Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS/project2
install_name_tool -change libOpenThreads.20.dylib @executable_path/../Frameworks/libOpenThreads.20.dylib /Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS/project2
当我对刚添加的库之一执行此操作时，这似乎并没有解决问题。
otool -L libosgDB.141.dylib
libosgDB.141.dylib:
@executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgDB.141.dylib (compatibility version 141.0.0, current version 3.5.1)
libosgUtil.141.dylib (compatibility version 141.0.0, current version 3.5.1) <-----!!!Why did this not change!!!!!
/System/Library/Frameworks/Carbon.framework/Versions/A/Carbon (compatibility version 2.0.0, current version 157.0.0)
/System/Library/Frameworks/Cocoa.framework/Versions/A/Cocoa (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 22.0.0)
/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1226.10.1)
/usr/lib/libz.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.2.5)
/System/Library/Frameworks/OpenGL.framework/Versions/A/OpenGL (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.0.0)
libosg.141.dylib (compatibility version 141.0.0, current version 3.5.1) <-----!!!Why did this not change!!!!!
libOpenThreads.20.dylib (compatibility version 20.0.0, current version 3.3.0)<-----!!!Why did this not change!!!!!
/usr/lib/libc++.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 120.1.0)
/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreFoundation.framework/Versions/A/CoreFoundation (compatibility version 150.0.0, current version 1256.14.0)
/System/Library/Frameworks/Foundation.framework/Versions/C/Foundation (compatibility version 300.0.0, current version 1256.1.0)
/usr/lib/libobjc.A.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 228.0.0)
我仍然没有得到库的路径libOpenThreads.20.dylib , libosgUtil.141.dylib and libosg.141.dylib我们非常欢迎任何建议。
libosg.141.dylib 是您在构建的应用程序中包含的动态库。
您实际上应该查看应用程序的二进制文件...即：
otool -L /Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS/project2
至于将库的路径重置为指向“@executable_path/../Frameworks/libosg.141.dylib”而不是“/usr/local/lib”中的 dylib，请尝试这样做：
install_name_tool -change libosg.141.dylib @executable_path/../Frameworks/libosg.141.dylib /Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS/project2
我使用 Xcode 和 Qt 完成了我的 mac 应用程序。现在我想准备将其部署到其他 macs。为此，我使用了 macdeployqt.
我刚刚使用 macdeployqt 创建了一个应用程序包。但是缺少一些库。我试图遵循 [this][1] 答案。结果我需要将丢失的 dylib 从我的计算机复制到 .app，然后 运行 安装名称工具。我还没有使用 install-name 工具，因为我对使用 -id 或 -change 感到困惑，尤其是在我当前的情况下。我什至需要使用它吗？这是我到目前为止所做的。
第 1 步：运行 macdeployqt - 这是 Qt 自带的程序，将 qt 的必要要求嵌入到应用程序中。
> /Users/Guest/Qt/5.5/clang_64/bin/macdeployqt project2.app
第 2 步：然后我决定 运行 在实际生成的应用程序二进制文件上使用 otool
> pwd
/Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS
> otool -L project2
project2:
@rpath/libcreatecore_rt.dylib (compatibility version 0.0.0, current version 0.0.0)
@rpath/QtQuick.framework/Versions/5/QtQuick (compatibility version 5.5.0, current version 5.5.1)
@rpath/QtConcurrent.framework/Versions/5/QtConcurrent (compatibility version 5.5.0, current version 5.5.1)
@rpath/QtSvg.framework/Versions/5/QtSvg (compatibility version 5.5.0, current version 5.5.1)
/System/Library/Frameworks/AGL.framework/Versions/A/AGL (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.0.0)
/System/Library/Frameworks/OpenGL.framework/Versions/A/OpenGL (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.0.0)
@executable_path/../Frameworks/libosg.141.dylib (compatibility version 141.0.0, current version 3.5.1)
@executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgDB.141.dylib (compatibility version 141.0.0, current version 3.5.1)
@executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgGA.141.dylib (compatibility version 141.0.0, current version 3.5.1)
@executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgUtil.141.dylib (compatibility version 141.0.0, current version 3.5.1)
@executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgViewer.141.dylib (compatibility version 141.0.0, current version 3.5.1)
@executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgManipulator.141.dylib (compatibility version 141.0.0, current version 3.5.1)
@executable_path/../Frameworks/libOpenThreads.20.dylib (compatibility version 20.0.0, current version 3.3.0)
/usr/lib/libz.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.2.5)
/System/Library/Frameworks/Cocoa.framework/Versions/A/Cocoa (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 22.0.0)
/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreFoundation.framework/Versions/A/CoreFoundation (compatibility version 150.0.0, current version 1256.14.0)
/usr/lib/libiconv.2.dylib (compatibility version 7.0.0, current version 7.0.0)
@rpath/libtbb.dylib (compatibility version 0.0.0, current version 0.0.0)
@rpath/libtbb_debug.dylib (compatibility version 0.0.0, current version 0.0.0)
@rpath/libtbbmalloc_debug.dylib (compatibility version 0.0.0, current version 0.0.0)
@rpath/libtbbmalloc_proxy.dylib (compatibility version 0.0.0, current version 0.0.0)
@rpath/libtbbmalloc_proxy_debug.dylib (compatibility version 0.0.0, current version 0.0.0)
@rpath/libtbb_preview.dylib (compatibility version 0.0.0, current version 0.0.0)
@rpath/libtbb_preview_debug.dylib (compatibility version 0.0.0, current version 0.0.0)
@rpath/libquazip.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.0.0)
@executable_path/../Frameworks/libprotobuf.9.dylib (compatibility version 10.0.0, current version 10.1.0)
@rpath/QtQml.framework/Versions/5/QtQml (compatibility version 5.5.0, current version 5.5.1)
@rpath/QtNetwork.framework/Versions/5/QtNetwork (compatibility version 5.5.0, current version 5.5.1)
@rpath/QtWidgets.framework/Versions/5/QtWidgets (compatibility version 5.5.0, current version 5.5.1)
@rpath/QtGui.framework/Versions/5/QtGui (compatibility version 5.5.0, current version 5.5.1)
@rpath/QtCore.framework/Versions/5/QtCore (compatibility version 5.5.0, current version 5.5.1)
/usr/lib/libc++.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 120.1.0)
/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1226.10.1)
第 3 步： 但是我注意到我的 project2.app/Contents/Frameworks 里面没有那些库。所以我决定手动复制它们。
cp /usr/local/lib/libosg.141.dylib project2.app/Contents/Frameworks/libosg.141.dylib
cp /usr/local/lib/libosgDB.141.dylib project2.app/Contents/Frameworks/libosgDB.141.dylib
cp /usr/local/lib/libosgGA.141.dylib project2.app/Contents/Frameworks/libosgGA.141.dylib
cp /usr/local/lib/libosgUtil.141.dylib project2.app/Contents/Frameworks/libosgUtil.141.dylib
cp /usr/local/lib/libosgViewer.141.dylib project2.app/Contents/Frameworks/libosgViewer.141.dylib
cp /usr/local/lib/libosgManipulator.141.dylib project2.app/Contents/Frameworks/libosgManipulator.141.dylib
cp /usr/local/lib/libOpenThreads.20.dylib project2.app/Contents/Frameworks/libOpenThreads.20.dylib
你能告诉我复制这些文件后下一步应该做什么吗？
这是我在不使用 install_name_tool
的情况下尝试在另一台计算机上 运行 应用程序时得到的输出Dyld Error Message:
Library not loaded: libosgUtil.141.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/one/Desktop/project2.app/Contents/Frameworks/libosgDB.141.dylib
Reason: image not found
Binary Images:
0x7fff6c436000 - 0x7fff6c46c837 dyld (353.2.1) <65DCCB06-339C-3E25-9702-600A28291D0E> /usr/lib/dyld
更新：
经过一番挣扎，我决定执行以下操作
install_name_tool -change libosg.141.dylib @executable_path/../Frameworks/libosg.141.dylib /Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS/project2
install_name_tool -change libosgDB.141.dylib @executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgDB.141.dylib /Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS/project2
install_name_tool -change libosgGA.141.dylib @executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgGA.141.dylib /Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS/project2
install_name_tool -change libosgUtil.141.dylib @executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgUtil.141.dylib /Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS/project2
install_name_tool -change libosgViewer.141.dylib @executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgViewer.141.dylib /Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS/project2
install_name_tool -change libosgManipulator.141.dylib @executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgManipulator.141.dylib /Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS/project2
install_name_tool -change libOpenThreads.20.dylib @executable_path/../Frameworks/libOpenThreads.20.dylib /Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS/project2
当我对刚添加的库之一执行此操作时，这似乎并没有解决问题。
otool -L libosgDB.141.dylib
libosgDB.141.dylib:
@executable_path/../Frameworks/libosgDB.141.dylib (compatibility version 141.0.0, current version 3.5.1)
libosgUtil.141.dylib (compatibility version 141.0.0, current version 3.5.1) <-----!!!Why did this not change!!!!!
/System/Library/Frameworks/Carbon.framework/Versions/A/Carbon (compatibility version 2.0.0, current version 157.0.0)
/System/Library/Frameworks/Cocoa.framework/Versions/A/Cocoa (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 22.0.0)
/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1226.10.1)
/usr/lib/libz.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.2.5)
/System/Library/Frameworks/OpenGL.framework/Versions/A/OpenGL (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.0.0)
libosg.141.dylib (compatibility version 141.0.0, current version 3.5.1) <-----!!!Why did this not change!!!!!
libOpenThreads.20.dylib (compatibility version 20.0.0, current version 3.3.0)<-----!!!Why did this not change!!!!!
/usr/lib/libc++.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 120.1.0)
/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreFoundation.framework/Versions/A/CoreFoundation (compatibility version 150.0.0, current version 1256.14.0)
/System/Library/Frameworks/Foundation.framework/Versions/C/Foundation (compatibility version 300.0.0, current version 1256.1.0)
/usr/lib/libobjc.A.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 228.0.0)
我仍然没有得到库的路径libOpenThreads.20.dylib , libosgUtil.141.dylib and libosg.141.dylib我们非常欢迎任何建议。
libosg.141.dylib 是您在构建的应用程序中包含的动态库。
您实际上应该查看应用程序的二进制文件...即：
otool -L /Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS/project2
至于将库的路径重置为指向“@executable_path/../Frameworks/libosg.141.dylib”而不是“/usr/local/lib”中的 dylib，请尝试这样做：
install_name_tool -change libosg.141.dylib @executable_path/../Frameworks/libosg.141.dylib /Users/Guest/project_XCODE/bin/Release/project2.app/Contents/MacOS/project2