奇怪的错误，我无法在 Windows 上构建 OCaml 程序

Question

我最近一直在尝试让 OCaml 工作，并且解释器工作正常，我只是无法用它构建本机可执行文件。这是我的程序：

let () = print_endline "Hello, World!"

现在如果我运行 ocaml program.ml 我得到预期的输出 Hello, World!。但是，如果我运行 ocamlbuild program.native 我得到：

mkdir 'C:\Users\User\_build'
'''C:\Program Files\OCaml\bin/ocamldep.opt' -modules program.ml > program.ml.depends
Exception Sys_error("program.ml.depends: No such file or directory").

然而，如果我查看目录 C:\Users\User\，我可以看到 program.ml.depends 存在。运行我又得到了：

SANITIZE: a total of 1 file that should probably not be in your source tree
  has been found. A script shell file "C:\Users\User\_build/sanitize.sh"
  is being created. Check this script and run it to remove unwanted files or
  use other options (such as defining hygiene exceptions or using the
  -no-hygiene option).
IMPORTANT: I cannot work with leftover compiled files.
ERROR: Leftover dependency files:
  File program.ml.depends in . has suffix .ml.depends
Exiting due to hygiene violations.

所以它确实存在！？！？！？！内容为my_prog.ml:。旁注，_build 目录包含文件：_digests、_log、program.ml 和 sanatize.sh。下面是我运行使用 -verbose 10:

命令时的输出

mkdir 'C:\Users\User\_build'
Doing sanity checks
include directories are: [ "." ]
==> program.native
====> program.cmx
======> program.mlpack
======> program.ml
program.ml exists in source dir -> import it
======> program.ml.depends
========> program.ml
program.ml already built
start rule ocaml dependencies ml (%=program )
dyndeps: {.  .}
mid rule ocaml dependencies ml (%=program ): cache miss: a product is not in build dir (program.ml.depends)
'''C:\Program Files\OCaml\bin/ocamldep.opt' -modules program.ml > program.ml.depends
resource_changed: program.ml.depends
end rule ocaml dependencies ml (%=program )
======> program.cmi
========> program.mli
==========> program.mly
========> program.mlpack
program.mlpack already failed
========> program.ml
program.ml already built
========> program.ml.depends
program.ml.depends already built
start rule ocaml: ml -> cmo & cmi (%=program )
Exception Sys_error("program.ml.depends: No such file or directory").

如果我强迫它：

include directories are: [ "." ]
==> program.native
====> program.cmx
======> program.mlpack
======> program.ml
program.ml exists and up to date
======> program.ml.depends
program.ml.depends exists in source dir -> import it
======> program.cmi
========> program.mli
==========> program.mly
========> program.mlpack
program.mlpack already failed
========> program.ml
program.ml already built
========> program.ml.depends
program.ml.depends already built
start rule ocaml: ml -> cmo & cmi (%=program )
dyndeps: {.  .}
mid rule ocaml: ml -> cmo & cmi (%=program ): cache miss: a product is not in build dir (program.cmo)
'''C:\Program Files\OCaml\bin/ocamlc.opt' -c -o program.cmo program.ml
resource_changed: program.cmo
resource_changed: program.cmi
end rule ocaml: ml -> cmo & cmi (%=program )
start rule ocaml: ml & cmi -> cmx & o (%=program )
dyndeps: {.  .}
mid rule ocaml: ml & cmi -> cmx & o (%=program ): cache miss: a product is not in build dir (program.cmx)
'''C:\Program Files\OCaml\bin/ocamlopt.opt' -c -o program.cmx program.ml
resource_changed: program.cmx
resource_changed: program.o
end rule ocaml: ml & cmi -> cmx & o (%=program )
====> program.o
program.o already built
start rule ocaml: cmx* & o* -> native (%=program )
prepare_libs: "program.native" -> [  ]
caml_transitive_closure ~caml_obj_ext:"cmx" ~pack_mode:false
  ~used_libraries:[  ] [ "program.cmx" ]
packages: {.  .}
dependency_map: {::}
used_files: {. program.cmx .}
open_packages: [  ]
lib_index: {::}
dependencies: {::}
caml_transitive_closure: [ "program.cmx" ] -> [  ]
Failure: Link list cannot be empty.

我再次运行相同的命令：

include directories are: [ "." ]
==> program.native
====> program.cmx
program.cmx exists in source dir -> import it
====> program.o
program.o exists in source dir -> import it
start rule ocaml: cmx* & o* -> native (%=program )
prepare_libs: "program.native" -> [  ]
caml_transitive_closure ~caml_obj_ext:"cmx" ~pack_mode:false
  ~used_libraries:[  ] [ "program.cmx" ]
packages: {.  .}
dependency_map: {::}
used_files: {. program.cmx .}
open_packages: [  ]
lib_index: {::}
dependencies: {::}
caml_transitive_closure: [ "program.cmx" ] -> [ "program.cmx" ]
link: [ "program.cmx" ] -o program.native
dyndeps: {.  .}
mid rule ocaml: cmx* & o* -> native (%=program ): cache miss: a product is not in build dir (program.native)
'''C:\Program Files\OCaml\bin/ocamlopt.opt' program.cmx -o program.native
resource_changed: program.native
end rule ocaml: cmx* & o* -> native (%=program )

此时我确实得到了一个 program.native 文件，但是它不起作用，当我在文本编辑器中打开它时，它以 !<symlink> 开头。使用 readlink 后，它指向不存在的 _build/program.native。在这一点上，我很困惑，不知道下一步该去哪里。令人遗憾的是，让这种编程语言发挥作用是如此困难。

我宁愿不必双重 boot/install 虚拟机来编译 OCaml。

最后一件事，我将如何安装 OPAM？

Answer 1

1) 不要将 OCaml 安装到包含白色 space 字符（如 'C:\Program Files...'）、非 ascii 字符或其他特殊字符如 '~#?... ').您的构建路径也不应包含此类字符。它迟早会导致问题，因为所有常见的构建工具要么依赖于 cygwin（因此依赖 unix 约定），要么太愚蠢而无法正确引用。（此外，您的构建路径看起来可疑。'C:\Users\User' 通常包含许多与您的项目无关的其他文件。将您的文件放在专用文件夹中。）

2) 如果要编译为本机代码，$PATH 中必须存在 C 工具链（mingw-w64 或 msvc）。

3) 您可以使用我为 cygwin 和 mingw-w64 编译器定制的 opam 和 OCaml 构建：https://github.com/fdopen/opam-repository-mingw。它工作得很好，如果满足要求（安装所有必要的 cygwin 包，在你的 username/build 路径中没有 white-spaces，在你的 $PATH 中没有替代的 OCaml 安装）

奇怪的错误，我无法在 Windows 上构建 OCaml 程序

Bizare errors and I'm unable to build OCaml programs on Windows

windows

ocaml

compiler-errors

compilation

ocamlbuild