Android 单元测试过去工作正常，现在抛出 NullPointerException

Question

所以我有一些类是我模型的单元测试，在更新 Android Studio 之后，我的单元测试不再有效我收到以下消息任何人都知道它可能是什么意思是？

java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.robolectric.manifest.MetaData.init(MetaData.java:55)
    at org.robolectric.manifest.AndroidManifest.initMetaData(AndroidManifest.java:343)
    at org.robolectric.res.builder.DefaultPackageManager.addManifest(DefaultPackageManager.java:417)
    at org.robolectric.internal.ParallelUniverse.setUpApplicationState(ParallelUniverse.java:74)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.setUpApplicationState(RobolectricTestRunner.java:433)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:240)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.runChild(RobolectricTestRunner.java:188)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.runChild(RobolectricTestRunner.java:54)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access[=11=]0(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:152)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:78)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:212)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:68)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:140)

java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:244)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.runChild(RobolectricTestRunner.java:188)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.runChild(RobolectricTestRunner.java:54)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access[=11=]0(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:152)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:78)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:212)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:68)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:140)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.robolectric.manifest.MetaData.init(MetaData.java:55)
    at org.robolectric.manifest.AndroidManifest.initMetaData(AndroidManifest.java:343)
    at org.robolectric.res.builder.DefaultPackageManager.addManifest(DefaultPackageManager.java:417)
    at org.robolectric.internal.ParallelUniverse.setUpApplicationState(ParallelUniverse.java:74)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.setUpApplicationState(RobolectricTestRunner.java:433)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:240)
    ... 18 more

java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.robolectric.manifest.MetaData.init(MetaData.java:55)
    at org.robolectric.manifest.AndroidManifest.initMetaData(AndroidManifest.java:343)
    at org.robolectric.res.builder.DefaultPackageManager.addManifest(DefaultPackageManager.java:417)
    at org.robolectric.internal.ParallelUniverse.setUpApplicationState(ParallelUniverse.java:74)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.setUpApplicationState(RobolectricTestRunner.java:433)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:240)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.runChild(RobolectricTestRunner.java:188)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.runChild(RobolectricTestRunner.java:54)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access[=11=]0(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:152)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:78)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:212)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:68)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:140)
java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.robolectric.manifest.MetaData.init(MetaData.java:55)
    at org.robolectric.manifest.AndroidManifest.initMetaData(AndroidManifest.java:343)
    at org.robolectric.res.builder.DefaultPackageManager.addManifest(DefaultPackageManager.java:417)
    at org.robolectric.internal.ParallelUniverse.setUpApplicationState(ParallelUniverse.java:74)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.setUpApplicationState(RobolectricTestRunner.java:433)
    at org.robolectric.R
Process finished with exit code -1

我已经检查过Build Variants正在测试神器Unit Tests

Answer 1

更新 Android Studio 后我也遇到了这种情况。如果您注意到前两行错误，请说明 metadata 和 AndroidManifest 正在抛出 NPE：

java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.robolectric.manifest.MetaData.init(MetaData.java:55)
    at org.robolectric.manifest.AndroidManifest.initMetaData(AndroidManifest.java:343)

所以我使用 Roboelectric 来启动我的类，就像这样：

@Config(sdk = 16, manifest = "src/main/AndroidManifest.xml")
@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
public class MyClassTest{
  //tests class here
 }

所以我注意到 Android Studio AndroidManifest 文件比单元测试高 1 级，所以我更改了过去的代码片段：

@Config(sdk = 16, manifest = "../src/main/AndroidManifest.xml") //notice ../ added at beggining

现在他们工作得很好。

Android 单元测试过去工作正常，现在抛出 NullPointerException

Android unit tests used to work just fine now throwing NullPointerException

android

nullpointerexception

android-manifest

robolectric

android-testing