随机不在鼻子测试中使用模拟

Question

我在一个简单的游戏中练习单元测试和鼻子测试，我有一个游戏部分有 random.randint 的掷骰子，我需要测试它。我一直在关注这篇关于如何使用 mock

测试随机事件的文章

http://www.jjinux.com/2014/01/python-lightning-quick-introduction-to.html

我在运行鼻测

时收到此错误

ERROR: tests.ex47_tests.test_dice_roll
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nose/case.py", line 197, in runTest
    self.test(*self.arg)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mock/mock.py", line 1297, in patched
    arg = patching.__enter__()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mock/mock.py", line 1353, in __enter__
    self.target = self.getter()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mock/mock.py", line 1520, in <lambda>
    getter = lambda: _importer(target)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mock/mock.py", line 1210, in _importer
    thing = _dot_lookup(thing, comp, import_path)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mock/mock.py", line 1199, in _dot_lookup
    __import__(import_path)
ImportError: No module named random

我导入了随机的，所以不确定为什么它不起作用，或者这与模拟有关吗？

这是游戏文件和测试文件中的部分代码（我认为不需要，所以没有把所有代码都放在这里）

game.py

class Intro(Rooms):

def enter(self):
    print "Intro room"

    print "You see the Gothon, you have to fight him!"

def dice_roll_fight(self):
    print 'DICE ROLL'

    dice_roll = randint(1,6)
    print "You rolled a ", dice_roll
    if dice_roll <= 2:
        return 'death'

    elif dice_roll >= 3:
        return 'starter'

    else:

        print "ERROR try again"

ex47_tests.py

from nose.tools import *
from ex47.game import Intro
from mock import mock
import random


@mock.patch('ex47.game.random.randint')
def test_dice_roll(randint_mock):
randint_mock.return_value = 1
assert_equal(game.dice_roll_fight(), 'death')


@mock.patch('ex47.game.random.randint')
def test_dice_roll(randint_mock):
randint_mock.return_value = 2
assert_equal(game.dice_roll_fight(), 'death')

@mock.patch('ex47.game.random.randint')
def test_dice_roll(randint_mock):
randint_mock.return_value = 3
assert_equal(game.dice_roll_fight(), 'starter')

Answer 1

根据您在 Intro class 中调用 rand_int 的方式，您可能正在以这种方式导入：

from random import randint

在这种情况下，您的补丁应该是这样的：

@mock.patch('ex47.game.randint')

您修补的方式：

@mock.patch('ex47.game.random.randint')

表示您是这样导入的：

import random

此外，我发现您的测试代码中存在一些问题。

您正在测试中导入随机数。您不需要这样做。您正在正确修补（针对您正在测试的内容进行修补），因此您不需要导入 random 因为您将根据您的 game 模块正确修补您的随机方法。
您似乎在尝试调用您的方法而不实际实例化您的 class。如果您还没有，您应该将测试设置为：

class ThisIsMyTest(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): self.game = Intro()
您的测试方法都命名相同。这最终只会运行一次测试，您将不会收到想要测试的其他结果。

考虑到以上三点，以下代码应该足以帮助您进行单元测试：

import unittest
from nose.tools import assert_equal
from game import Intro
from mock import mock


class GameTest(unittest.TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        self.game = Intro()

    @mock.patch('game.randint')
    def test_dice_roll_one(self, randint_mock):
        randint_mock.return_value = 1
        from nose.tools import assert_equal
        assert_equal(self.game.dice_roll_fight(), 'death')

    @mock.patch('game.randint')
    def test_dice_roll_two(self, randint_mock):
        randint_mock.return_value = 2
        assert_equal(self.game.dice_roll_fight(), 'death')

    @mock.patch('game.randint')
    def test_dice_roll_three(self, randint_mock):
        randint_mock.return_value = 3
        assert_equal(self.game.dice_roll_fight(), 'starter')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

随机不在鼻子测试中使用模拟

Random not working with mock in nosetest

python

mocking

nose

monkeypatching