HTML5 主要元素的用途

Question

我最近一直在研究 HTML 语义，我想知道 <main> 的真正目的是什么。我创建了如下所示的两个场景：

场景一

     <main role="main">
        <header role="banner">
           <hgroup>
              <h1>Header 1</h1>
              <h2>Header 2</h2>
           </hgroup>

           <nav>
              <ul>
                 <li><a href="#">Link 1</a></li>
                 <li><a href="#">Link 2</a></li>
                 <li><a href="#">Link 3</a></li>
              </ul>
           </nav>
        </header>

        <section role="region">
           <header>
              <h1>Articles</h1>
           </header>

           <article>
              <header>
                 <h1>Article name</h1>
              </header>

              <p>Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.</p>

              <footer>
                 <a href="#" title="Read more">Read this post</a>
              </footer>
           </article>

           <footer>
              <a href="#" title="Read more">Read this articles</a>
           </footer>
        </section>

        <footer role="contentinfo">
           <p>Page last updated <time datetime="2009-11-04">November 4th, 2009</time></p>
           <address>
              <a title="Posts by Just A Name" href="#">Just A Name</a>
           </address>
        </footer>
     </main>

场景二

     <header role="banner">
        <hgroup>
           <h1>Header 1</h1>
           <h2>Header 2</h2>
        </hgroup>

        <nav>
           <ul>
              <li><a href="#">Link 1</a></li>
              <li><a href="#">Link 2</a></li>
              <li><a href="#">Link 3</a></li>
           </ul>
        </nav>
     </header>

     <main role="main">
        <section role="region">
           <header>
              <h1>Articles</h1>
           </header>

           <article>
              <header>
                 <h1>Article name</h1>
              </header>

              <p>Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.</p>

              <footer>
                 <a href="#" title="Read more">Read this post</a>
              </footer>
           </article>

           <footer>
              <a href="#" title="Read more">Read this articles</a>
           </footer>
        </section>
     </main>

     <footer role="contentinfo">
        <p>Page last updated <time datetime="2009-11-04">November 4th, 2009</time></p>
        <address>
           <a title="Posts by Just A Name" href="#">Just A Name</a>
        </address>
     </footer>

哪一个是最好的解决方案，为什么？

Answer 1

<main> 元素用于指示页面的主要（主要）内容。如果 role="banner" 对内容有重要意义，您应该选择 场景一 ，否则选择场景二。

This describes/explains <main>-目的很好。

这些元素的首要原因（<main>、<header>、<footer>、<section>、<article>、<nav>、<aside>) 被引入是为了表明文档大纲的重要性。

如果您要编制各种章节索引，您会希望查看 <main> 中的 heading-elements，而忽略 <nav> 和 <aside>部分。这也是 html5 允许多个 <h1> 元素的原因，因为它们的重要性取决于它们所在的元素（与 HTML < 5 相比，其中 heading-elements 本身将在文档中表示重要性）。

Answer 2

根据 W3C，main 应仅用于该文档独有的内容，因此在您的情况下，情况 #2 是最合适的。

The main element represents the main content section of the body of a document or application. The main content section consists of content that is directly related to or expands upon the central topic of a document or central functionality of an application.

Note: the main element is not sectioning content and has no effect on the document outline

The main content section of a document includes content that is unique to that document and excludes content that is repeated across a set of documents such as site navigation links, copyright information, site logos and banners and search forms (unless the document or applications main function is that of a search form).

Authors MUST NOT include more than one main element in a document.

Authors MUST NOT include the main element as a child of an article, aside, footer, header or nav element.

Answer 3

除了已经回答的内容，从here中提取的重要观点是：

<main> doesn't contribute to the document's outline; that is, unlike elements such as <body>, headings such as <h2>, and such, <main> doesn't affect the DOM's concept of the structure of the page. It's strictly informative.

HTML5 主要元素的用途

Purpose of the HTML5 main element

html

semantic-markup