Android NDK 链接共享库 libxxx.so.ver 而不是 libxxx.so

Question

我使用 ndk-build 编译了我自己的共享库，它依赖于外部共享库（ffmpeg 和 x264）。我定义了外部库，如 documentation:

中所述

LOCAL_PATH := $(my-root-dir)/external_libs
include $(CLEAR_VARS)

LOCAL_MODULE := avcodec
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(TARGET_ARCH_ABI)/lib/libavcodec.so
LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/$(TARGET_ARCH_ABI)/include

include $(PREBUILT_SHARED_LIBRARY)


include $(CLEAR_VARS)

LOCAL_MODULE := avutil
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(TARGET_ARCH_ABI)/lib/libavutil.so
LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/$(TARGET_ARCH_ABI)/include

include $(PREBUILT_SHARED_LIBRARY)


include $(CLEAR_VARS)

LOCAL_MODULE := swscale
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(TARGET_ARCH_ABI)/lib/libswscale.so
LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/$(TARGET_ARCH_ABI)/include

include $(PREBUILT_SHARED_LIBRARY)


include $(CLEAR_VARS)

LOCAL_MODULE := x264
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(TARGET_ARCH_ABI)/lib/libx264.so
LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/$(TARGET_ARCH_ABI)/include

include $(PREBUILT_SHARED_LIBRARY)

并为所有需要的 ABI 安装了外部共享库：

external_libs
- armeabi
- - include
- - lib
- - - libavcodec.so -> libavcodec.so.57.24.101
- - - libavcodec.so.57 -> libavcodec.so.57.24.101
- - - libavcodec.so.57.24.101
- - - libavutil.so -> libavutil.so.55.16.101
- - - libavutil.so.55 -> libavutil.so.55.16.101
- - - libavutil.so.55.16.101
- - - libswresample.so -> libswresample.so.2.0.101
- - - libswresample.so.2 -> libswresample.so.2.0.101
- - - libswresample.so.2.0.101
- - - libswscale.so -> libswscale.so.4.0.100
- - - libswscale.so.4 -> libswscale.so.4.0.100
- - - libswscale.so.4.0.100
- - - libx264.so -> libx264.so.148
- - - libx264.so.148
- armeabi-v7a
- - include
- - lib
- - - libavcodec.so -> libavcodec.so.57.24.101
- - - libavcodec.so.57 -> libavcodec.so.57.24.101
- - - libavcodec.so.57.24.101
- - - libavutil.so -> libavutil.so.55.16.101
- - - libavutil.so.55 -> libavutil.so.55.16.101
- - - libavutil.so.55.16.101
... (etc)

在我的库的 Android.mk 中，我添加了对这个外部库的引用：

LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES += libx264

项目构建良好，外部库已复制到 lib/$(TARGET_ARCH_ABI):

lib
- armeabi
- - libavcodec.so
- - libavutil.so
- - libswscale.so
- - libx264.so
- armeabi-v7a
- - libavcodec.so
- - libavutil.so
- - libswscale.so
- - libx264.so

而不是 device/simulator。但是，当我使用 System.loadLibrary("mylibrary"); 在应用程序中加载我的库时，出现错误：

java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: dlopen failed: library "libx264.so.148" not found
at java.lang.Runtime.loadLibrary(Runtime.java:372)

当我用

检查我的图书馆时

arm-linux-androideabi-readelf -d libs/armeabi-v7a/libmylibrary.so

我明白了：

Dynamic section at offset 0x12d34c contains 42 entries:
  Tag        Type                         Name/Value
0x00000003 (PLTGOT)                     0x12eb00
0x00000002 (PLTRELSZ)                   2536 (bytes)
0x00000017 (JMPREL)                     0x3a264
0x00000014 (PLTREL)                     REL
0x00000011 (REL)                        0x352ac
0x00000012 (RELSZ)                      20408 (bytes)
0x00000013 (RELENT)                     8 (bytes)
0x6ffffffa (RELCOUNT)                   2546
0x00000006 (SYMTAB)                     0x148
0x0000000b (SYMENT)                     16 (bytes)
0x00000005 (STRTAB)                     0x10c58
0x0000000a (STRSZ)                      106907 (bytes)
0x00000004 (HASH)                       0x2adf4
0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libx264.so.148]
0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libavcodec.so.57]
0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libswscale.so.4]
0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libavutil.so.55]
0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [liblog.so]
0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libdl.so]
0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libstdc++.so]
0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libm.so]
0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libc.so]
0x0000000e (SONAME)                     Library soname: [libmylibrary.so]
0x0000001a (FINI_ARRAY)                 0x12d77c
0x0000001c (FINI_ARRAYSZ)               8 (bytes)
0x00000019 (INIT_ARRAY)                 0x12e344
0x0000001b (INIT_ARRAYSZ)               8 (bytes)
0x00000016 (TEXTREL)                    0x0
0x00000010 (SYMBOLIC)                   0x0
0x0000001e (FLAGS)                      SYMBOLIC TEXTREL BIND_NOW
0x6ffffffb (FLAGS_1)                    Flags: NOW
0x6ffffff0 (VERSYM)                     0x330cc
0x6ffffffc (VERDEF)                     0x35230
0x6ffffffd (VERDEFNUM)                  1
0x6ffffffe (VERNEED)                    0x3524c
0x6fffffff (VERNEEDNUM)                 3
0x00000000 (NULL)                       0x0

为什么我的 libmylibrary.so 中引用了 libx264.so.148、libavcodec.so.57 等而不是 libx264.so、libavcodec.so 等符合预期吗？

Answer 1

链接器查看库的 soname，而不是文件名。你可以要求./configure生成没有版本后缀的sonames

Android NDK 链接共享库 libxxx.so.ver 而不是 libxxx.so

Android NDK links shared libraries libxxx.so.ver instead of libxxx.so

linker

android

shared-libraries

android-ndk