奇怪的 Char* 截断

Strange Char* Truncation

我刚回到 C 编程,我遇到了结构中动态 char* 字段的奇怪问题。它开始时完全没问题,长度也合适,但它被截断为 25 个字符,最后一个字符甚至不在原始数组中。

我定义了两个结构和几个全局变量:

struct files_list {
  struct files_list* next;
  char* fpath;
};

struct job_list {
  int len;
  off_t size;
  struct files_list* files;
  struct job_list* next;
};

struct job_list* job_head = NULL;
struct job_list* active = NULL;

(想法是将有一个 "jobs" 的单个链表,多个线程将处理该链表,每个线程都包含该作业的单个文件链表。)

Main 只是调用 ntfw 遍历目录树:

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
  // ...
  nftw("/tmp/", populate, 100, 0);
  // ...
}

对于每个文件和目录,ntfw 调用我的 populate 函数:

int populate(const char *fpath, const struct stat *sb,
             int tflag, struct FTW *ftwbuf) {



  if (tflag == FTW_F) {
    /* #1 CREATE NEW FILE ENTRY */
    printf("\n\n");
    printf("FPATH: %s\n", fpath);
    struct files_list* current_files = malloc(sizeof(struct files_list));
    current_files->fpath = malloc(sizeof(fpath) + 1);
    strcpy(current_files->fpath, fpath);
    current_files->next = NULL;
    printf("files_list %s (%i)\n", current_files->fpath, strlen(current_files->fpath)); 
    printf("&current_files: %p\n", current_files);



    /* #2 CREATE NEW ACTIVE JOB */
    if (active == NULL) {
      struct job_list* job = malloc(sizeof(struct job_list));
      job->len = 0;
      job->size = 0;
      job->files = NULL;
      job->next = NULL;
      active = job;
    }
    active->len++;
    active->size += sb->st_size;


    /* #3 INSERT FILE ENTRY AT THE END OF ACTIVE JOB */
    if (active->files == NULL) {
      active->files = current_files;
      printf("&active->files: %p\n", active->files);
      printf("current_files->fpath: %s (%i)\n", current_files->fpath, strlen(current_files->fpath)); // TRUNCATED STRING
      printf("active->files->fpath: %s (%i)\n", active->files->fpath, strlen(active->files->fpath));
    } else {                                                                                                                                                                                               
      struct files_list* x = active->files->next;                                                                                                                                                                  
      while (1) {                                                                                                                                                                                                  
        if (x == NULL) {                                                                                                                                                                                           
          x = current_files;                                                                                                                                                                                       
          printf("Added files_list: %s\n", x->fpath);                                                                                                                                                              
          break;                                                                                                                                                                                                   
        } else {                                                                                                                                                                                                   
          printf("next x->next\n");                                                                                                                                                                                
          x = x->next;                                                                                                                                                                                             
        }                                                                                                                                                                                                          
      }
    }

    /* #4 TIME FOR A NEW JOB */
    if (active->size > MAX_BYTES) {
      if (job_head == NULL) {
        job_head = active;
        job_tail = active;
      } else {
        job_tail->next = active;
      }
      struct job_list* new_active = NULL;
      active = new_active;
      job_len++;
    }
  }
  return 0;
}

产生这样的输出:

FPATH: /tmp/.com.google.Chrome.T8MuMk/SingletonSocket
files_list /tmp/.com.google.Chrome.T8MuMk/SingletonSocket (46)
&current_files: 0x125d1e0
&active->files: 0x125d1e0
current_files->fpath: /tmp/.com.google.Chrome.1 (25)
active->files->fpath: /tmp/.com.google.Chrome.1 (25)

从前两行我们可以看出,文件路径很长,包含 46 个字符,并且已成功 strcpy()ed 到我的 files_list 结构中。然后在步骤 #2 和步骤 #3 的前几行之间发生了一些事情,将文件名截断为 24 个字符并添加了一个“1”。指针地址表明它仍然是同一个结构对象,而且我没有看到任何可能会弄乱它的操作。

我用过GCC 4.9.2和Clang 3.5.0,他们都有这个问题,所以一定是我哪里做错了。

知道这里发生了什么吗?

这就是问题所在

malloc(sizeof(fpath) + 1);

sizeof(fpath) 将给出指针的大小,因为 fpath 是一个 char *char 指针,你需要 strlen()

malloc(strlen(fpath) + 1);

不要忘记包含 string.h

您需要阅读有关 sizeof 运算符的内容,这是来自 1570 草案,§ 6.5.3.4 段落 ¶ 2.

The sizeof operator yields the size (in bytes) of its operand, which may be an expression or the parenthesized name of a type. The size is determined from the type of the operand. The result is an integer. If the type of the operand is a variable length array type, the operand is evaluated; otherwise, the operand is not evaluated and the result is an integer constant.

注意:您必须检查 malloc() 函数族中的 return 值,它们 return NULL 失败时发生了,你必须检查几乎每个有一个函数的 return 值,因为这是确保函数正常工作并且没有意外发生的唯一方法,否则为什么会有 return 值为了它?