Spring 其余:在服务器端处理 POST 请求

Spring Rest : Handling POST requests, at server end

我是根据 link

中的答案问这个问题的

POST request via RestTemplate in JSON

我实际上想从客户端发送 JSON 并在 REST 服务器上接收相同的内容。由于客户端部分是在我上面提到的 link 中完成的。同样,我将如何在服务器端处理该请求。

客户:

// create request body
JSONObject request = new JSONObject();
request.put("username", name);
request.put("password", password);

// set headers
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
HttpEntity<String> entity = new HttpEntity<String>(request.toString(), headers);

// send request and parse result
ResponseEntity<String> loginResponse = restTemplate
  .exchange(urlString, HttpMethod.POST, entity, String.class);
if (loginResponse.getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.OK) {
  JSONObject userJson = new JSONObject(loginResponse.getBody());
} else if (loginResponse.getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED) {
  // nono... bad credentials
}

服务器:

@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.POST, value = "/login")
    public ResponseEntity<String> login(@RequestBody HttpEntity<String> entity) {
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(entity.getBody());
        String username = jsonObject.getString("username");
        return new ResponseEntity<>(username, HttpStatus.OK);
    }

客户端出现 400 错误请求错误。希望得到一些关于如何在服务器端处理这个问题的线索。

不应在您的服务器方法中使用 HTTPEntity。而是使用从您的客户端传递给 HTTPEntity 的参数。在您的情况下,它必须是 String,因为您要从客户端传递字符串。下面的代码应该适合你。

@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.POST, value = "/login")
public ResponseEntity<String> login(@RequestBody String jsonStr) {
    System.out.println("jsonStr  " + jsonStr);
    JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(jsonStr);
    String username = jsonObject.getString("username");
    return new ResponseEntity<String>(username, HttpStatus.OK);
}  

我的建议是创建 bean class 并在服务器和客户端中使用它,而不是将其转换为 String。它将提高代码的可读性。

使用SpringRestTemplate时,我通常更喜欢直接交换对象。例如:

Step 1: Declare and define a data holder class

class User {
  private String username;
  private String password;

  ... accessor methods, constructors, etc. ...
}

Step 2: Send objects of this class to the server using RestTemplate

... You have a RestTemplate instance to send data to the server ...

// You have an object to send to the server, such as:
User user = new User("user", "secret");

// Set HTTP headers for an error-free exchange with the server.
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);

// Generate an HTTP request payload.
HttpEntity<User> request = new HttpEntity<User>(user, headers);

// Send the payload to the server.
restTemplate.exchange("[url]", [HttpMethod], request, User.class);

Step 3: Configure a ContentNegotiatingViewResolver on the server

在 Spring XML 或 Java 配置中声明类型 ContentNegotiatingViewResolver 的 bean。这将帮助服务器自动将 HTTP 请求与 bean 对象绑定。

Step 4: Receive the request on the server

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
class UserAPI {
  @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST)
  @ResponseBody
  public User create(User user) {
    // Process the user.

    // Possibly return the same user, although anything can be returned.
    return user;
  }
}

ContentNegotiatingViewResolver 确保在没有任何其他干预的情况下将传入请求转换为 User 实例。

Step 5: Receive the response on the client

// Receive the response.
HttpEntity<User> response = restTemplate.exchange("[url]", [HttpMethod], request, User.class);

// Unwrap the object from the response.
user = response.getBody();

您会注意到客户端和服务器都使用相同的 bean class (User)。这使两者保持同步,因为 bean 结构中的任何重大更改都会立即导致一个或两个编译失败,需要在部署代码之前进行修复。