error: unknown type name ‘Point’
error: unknown type name ‘Point’
当我尝试使用以下命令在 64 位 Linux 下编译 C 文件时：
gcc -o strain_from_faults_new strain_from_faults_new.c gen.h eqf.h
我遇到了以下错误：
eqf.h:16:3: error: unknown type name ‘Point’
Point loc;
^
eqf.h:32:3: error: unknown type name ‘Point’
Point p[33];
^
eqf.h:44:3: error: unknown type name ‘Point’
Point p[33];
^
eqf.h:61:3: error: unknown type name ‘Point’
Point xy[NSEG];
^
似乎类型 'Point' 没有定义，但它确实在文件中定义了
gen.h
struct point {
double x;
double y;
};
typedef struct point Point;
不知道为什么会出现这样的错误，因为这个C文件在其他电脑上是可以编译的。这是 32 位-64 位兼容问题吗？
任何评论将不胜感激！
根据我在 eqf.h 文件中 #include "gen.h" 的评论，但效果不佳。由于C文件strain_from_faults_new.c中已经包含了两个头文件gen.h eqf.h，编译器出现错误：
In file included from eqf.h:12:0,
from strain_from_faults_new.c:6:
gen.h:11:8: error: redefinition of ‘struct point’
struct point {
^
In file included from strain_from_faults_new.c:5:0:
gen.h:11:8: note: originally defined here
struct point {
^
有人有什么想法吗？
好了，下面是全部代码：
gen.h
#define MAX_NAME 50
#define MAXNAME 50
#define EARTH_RADIUS 6371.0
#define MU (3.0e11)
#define PI 3.1415927
#define D2R 0.0174532
#define SUNIT (1.0e-9)
#define KAPA 0.25
#include <stdio.h>
struct point {
double x;
double y;
};
typedef struct point Point;
extern int enclose(Point *, int, Point);
extern int enclose2(Point *, int, Point, Point);
extern int lenclose(Point *p, int n, Point p1);
extern int lenclose2(Point *p, int n, Point p1, Point p2);
extern double azimuth(double, double);
extern double atan2d(double, double);
extern double sind(double);
extern double cosd(double);
extern double dsign(double);
extern double dmax(double, double);
extern double dmin(double, double);
extern double diag_len(Point p[]);
extern void make_tensor(double z[][3], double, double, double);
extern void read_a_line(FILE *);
extern void strip_a_line(FILE *);
extern char *get_a_string(FILE *f, char* str);
extern int line_to_string(FILE *f, char* str);
extern int in_region(int node[], int N, int p);
extern double convert_date_to_year(int);
eqf.h
#define MAXP 10
#define MAXN 400
#define MAXB 1000
#define MAXF 37000
#define MAXE 1000
#define TYPE_F 1
#define TYPE_E 0
#define T 149
#define DEPTH 15.0
#define NSEG 2074
#include <stdio.h>
#include "gen.h"
struct earthquake {
int date;
Point loc;
double mom[3][3];
double m0;
int type;
};
struct merr {
double m[3][3];
};
struct mom {
double m0;
double mxx;
double myy;
double mxy;
};
struct region {
Point p[33];
double area;
double t0;
struct earthquake event[50];
int ne;
struct earthquake *e[100];
double strainrate[9];
double strain[9];
double strainr[9];
double strain0[9];
};
struct regionf {
Point p[33];
double area;
int ix;
int iy;
int ia;
};
struct fault {
double strike;
double rake;
double dip;
double rate;
double ratemin;
double ratemax;
char name[50];
int date;
int n;
Point xy[NSEG];
};
extern void test();
extern void read_faults(FILE *inf, struct fault *f);
extern void test_mom();
extern void print_event (FILE *inf, struct earthquake e);
extern int bydate(struct earthquake *, struct earthquake *);
extern void sort_event(FILE *);
extern int write_mom_tensor(struct earthquake *, int *, double);
extern void fill_regionf(struct regionf *, int *);
extern void fill_region(struct region *, int *);
extern void print_mom_in_region(struct region *b, int nb);
extern double strain_rate(double ex, double ey, double exy);
extern double strain_rate_var(double ex, double ey, double exy, double dex, double dey, double dexy, double cxy, double cxxy, double cyxy);
strain_from_faults_new.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "gen.h"
#include "eqf.h"
void deal_with_options(int, char **);
int no_faults, n_events;
double sdepth;
double ub = 0.01;
char faultin[25];
FILE *strain1;
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
Point p[MAXN], p1[10];
struct fault f[MAXF];
struct regionf b[MAXB];
double plat=0.0, plon=0.0, prat=0.0;
int n=0, i, j, nb=0, np, num, ia, k, l, nrect=0, nfree=0, ix=0, iy=0;
FILE *faults, *strain0;
sdepth = DEPTH*1.0e5;
strcpy(faultin, "fault.in");
deal_with_options(argc, argv);
if( (faults = fopen(faultin, "r")) == NULL ) {
printf("Error: File %s does not exist.\n", faultin);
exit(-1);
}
if( (strain0 = fopen("spline_fit.dat", "r")) == NULL) {
printf("Error: File spline_fit.dat cannot open\n");
exit(-1);
}
if( (strain1 = fopen("strain_from_faults.dat", "w")) == NULL) {
printf("Error: File strain_from_faults.dat cannot open\n");
exit(-1);
}
fscanf(strain0, "%d%d%d", &ix, &iy, &num);
fscanf(strain0, "%d", &nfree);
fprintf(strain1, "%10d %10d %10d\n", ix, iy, num);
fprintf(strain1, "%10d\n", nfree);
for(i=nfree; i<num; i++) {
if(fscanf(strain0, "%d%lf%lf%lf", &np, &plat, &plon, &prat) != 4) {
printf("Error: format error in spline_fit.dat\n");
exit(1);
}
fprintf(strain1, "%10d %10.3f %10.3f %12.6e\n", np, plat, plon, prat);
}
fscanf(strain0, "%d", &nrect);
fprintf(strain1, "%10d\n", nrect);
close(strain0);
for(i = 0; i < nrect; i += MAXB) {
nb = i;
printf("Working on regions %d to %d ...\n", i, i+MAXB);
fill_regionf(b, &nb);
read_clip_faults(faults, f, b, nb);
}
return 0;
}
int read_clip_faults(FILE *inf, struct fault *f, struct regionf *b, int nb) {
int i, j, k, l, ib, jj, kk, ii, n, nf;
double x, y, dx, dy, d, mt[3][3], c, theta;
double sd, md, strainrate[9];
double clip_seg = 0.05;
struct mom m1;
struct mom m0;
struct merr m2;
struct fault f0;
Point p[100], p0;
i=0;
fseek(inf, 0, SEEK_SET);
while( (k = fscanf(inf, "%d%lf%lf%lf%lf%lf%s",
&n, &(f[i].rake), &(f[i].dip), &(f[i].ratemin),
&(f[i].rate), &(f[i].ratemax), f[i].name)) == 7) {
printf("Fault no. %d, %s\n", i, f[i].name);
f[i].rate = f[i].rate;
f[i].ratemin = f[i].ratemin;
f[i].ratemax = f[i].ratemax;
f[i].n = 0;
for(j=0; j<n; j++) {
if( (l = fscanf(inf, "%lf%lf", &(p[j].y), &(p[j].x))) != 2) {
printf("Error at fault %s, line %d in fault.in\n", f[i].name, j);
exit(1);
}
}
jj=0;
for(j=0; j<n-1; j++) {
k = 0;
while( k < nb && (l = enclose(b[k].p, 33, p[j])) == 0)
...
根据 Mike Kinghan 的评论，我添加了
#ifndef GEN_H
#define GEN_H
和
#endif
分别在gen.h文件的头部和尾部。但效果不佳，这里是错误：
/tmp/ccteT25z.o: In function `read_clip_faults':
strain_from_faults_new.c:(.text+0x6a4): undefined reference to `enclose'
strain_from_faults_new.c:(.text+0x7c5): undefined reference to `enclose'
strain_from_faults_new.c:(.text+0xa14): undefined reference to `enclose'
strain_from_faults_new.c:(.text+0xa7b): undefined reference to `dsign'
strain_from_faults_new.c:(.text+0xaae): undefined reference to `dsign'
strain_from_faults_new.c:(.text+0xad9): undefined reference to `dsign'
strain_from_faults_new.c:(.text+0xb5a): undefined reference to `dsign'
...
您需要 #include "gen.h" 在 eqf.h
您需要在eqf.h中添加#include "gen.h"并使用以下命令编译您的程序：
gcc -o gen.h eqf.h strain_from_faults_new strain_from_faults_new.c;
编译器会根据您的文件输入顺序编译您的程序文件。
如果你读到这篇文章：
In file included from eqf.h:12:0,
from strain_from_faults_new.c:6:
gen.h:11:8: error: redefinition of ‘struct point’
struct point {
^
In file included from strain_from_faults_new.c:5:0:
gen.h:11:8: note: originally defined here
struct point {
^
它告诉你 struct point 在同一个翻译中被定义了两次
单位，strain_from_faults_new.c，这是一个错误。
您在第 11 行的 gen.h 中定义了 struct point。
您在 strain_from_faults_new.c
的第 5 行包含了 gen.h
您还在 eqf.h 的第 12 行包含了 gen.h。
最后你在 strain_from_faults_new.c 的第 6 行包含了 eqf.h，
从而再次包含 struct point 的定义。
为避免此类问题，请在您编写的每个 header 中使用 header guards a.k.a include guards，
例如
gen.h
#ifndef GEN_H
#define GEN_H
struct point {
double x;
double y;
};
typedef struct point Point;
#endif
这使得在翻译单元中多次包含 header 是无害的。
并且，不要在编译器命令行中传递 header 文件：
gcc -o strain_from_faults_new strain_from_faults_new.c gen.h eqf.h
^^^^^ ^^^^^
A header 文件通过在 .c 文件中被 #include 编译，这
将其复制到翻译单元中。
当我尝试使用以下命令在 64 位 Linux 下编译 C 文件时：
gcc -o strain_from_faults_new strain_from_faults_new.c gen.h eqf.h
我遇到了以下错误：
eqf.h:16:3: error: unknown type name ‘Point’
Point loc;
^
eqf.h:32:3: error: unknown type name ‘Point’
Point p[33];
^
eqf.h:44:3: error: unknown type name ‘Point’
Point p[33];
^
eqf.h:61:3: error: unknown type name ‘Point’
Point xy[NSEG];
^
似乎类型 'Point' 没有定义，但它确实在文件中定义了
gen.h
struct point {
double x;
double y;
};
typedef struct point Point;
不知道为什么会出现这样的错误，因为这个C文件在其他电脑上是可以编译的。这是 32 位-64 位兼容问题吗？ 任何评论将不胜感激！
根据我在 eqf.h 文件中 #include "gen.h" 的评论，但效果不佳。由于C文件strain_from_faults_new.c中已经包含了两个头文件gen.h eqf.h，编译器出现错误：
In file included from eqf.h:12:0,
from strain_from_faults_new.c:6:
gen.h:11:8: error: redefinition of ‘struct point’
struct point {
^
In file included from strain_from_faults_new.c:5:0:
gen.h:11:8: note: originally defined here
struct point {
^
有人有什么想法吗？
好了，下面是全部代码：
gen.h
#define MAX_NAME 50
#define MAXNAME 50
#define EARTH_RADIUS 6371.0
#define MU (3.0e11)
#define PI 3.1415927
#define D2R 0.0174532
#define SUNIT (1.0e-9)
#define KAPA 0.25
#include <stdio.h>
struct point {
double x;
double y;
};
typedef struct point Point;
extern int enclose(Point *, int, Point);
extern int enclose2(Point *, int, Point, Point);
extern int lenclose(Point *p, int n, Point p1);
extern int lenclose2(Point *p, int n, Point p1, Point p2);
extern double azimuth(double, double);
extern double atan2d(double, double);
extern double sind(double);
extern double cosd(double);
extern double dsign(double);
extern double dmax(double, double);
extern double dmin(double, double);
extern double diag_len(Point p[]);
extern void make_tensor(double z[][3], double, double, double);
extern void read_a_line(FILE *);
extern void strip_a_line(FILE *);
extern char *get_a_string(FILE *f, char* str);
extern int line_to_string(FILE *f, char* str);
extern int in_region(int node[], int N, int p);
extern double convert_date_to_year(int);
eqf.h
#define MAXP 10
#define MAXN 400
#define MAXB 1000
#define MAXF 37000
#define MAXE 1000
#define TYPE_F 1
#define TYPE_E 0
#define T 149
#define DEPTH 15.0
#define NSEG 2074
#include <stdio.h>
#include "gen.h"
struct earthquake {
int date;
Point loc;
double mom[3][3];
double m0;
int type;
};
struct merr {
double m[3][3];
};
struct mom {
double m0;
double mxx;
double myy;
double mxy;
};
struct region {
Point p[33];
double area;
double t0;
struct earthquake event[50];
int ne;
struct earthquake *e[100];
double strainrate[9];
double strain[9];
double strainr[9];
double strain0[9];
};
struct regionf {
Point p[33];
double area;
int ix;
int iy;
int ia;
};
struct fault {
double strike;
double rake;
double dip;
double rate;
double ratemin;
double ratemax;
char name[50];
int date;
int n;
Point xy[NSEG];
};
extern void test();
extern void read_faults(FILE *inf, struct fault *f);
extern void test_mom();
extern void print_event (FILE *inf, struct earthquake e);
extern int bydate(struct earthquake *, struct earthquake *);
extern void sort_event(FILE *);
extern int write_mom_tensor(struct earthquake *, int *, double);
extern void fill_regionf(struct regionf *, int *);
extern void fill_region(struct region *, int *);
extern void print_mom_in_region(struct region *b, int nb);
extern double strain_rate(double ex, double ey, double exy);
extern double strain_rate_var(double ex, double ey, double exy, double dex, double dey, double dexy, double cxy, double cxxy, double cyxy);
strain_from_faults_new.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "gen.h"
#include "eqf.h"
void deal_with_options(int, char **);
int no_faults, n_events;
double sdepth;
double ub = 0.01;
char faultin[25];
FILE *strain1;
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
Point p[MAXN], p1[10];
struct fault f[MAXF];
struct regionf b[MAXB];
double plat=0.0, plon=0.0, prat=0.0;
int n=0, i, j, nb=0, np, num, ia, k, l, nrect=0, nfree=0, ix=0, iy=0;
FILE *faults, *strain0;
sdepth = DEPTH*1.0e5;
strcpy(faultin, "fault.in");
deal_with_options(argc, argv);
if( (faults = fopen(faultin, "r")) == NULL ) {
printf("Error: File %s does not exist.\n", faultin);
exit(-1);
}
if( (strain0 = fopen("spline_fit.dat", "r")) == NULL) {
printf("Error: File spline_fit.dat cannot open\n");
exit(-1);
}
if( (strain1 = fopen("strain_from_faults.dat", "w")) == NULL) {
printf("Error: File strain_from_faults.dat cannot open\n");
exit(-1);
}
fscanf(strain0, "%d%d%d", &ix, &iy, &num);
fscanf(strain0, "%d", &nfree);
fprintf(strain1, "%10d %10d %10d\n", ix, iy, num);
fprintf(strain1, "%10d\n", nfree);
for(i=nfree; i<num; i++) {
if(fscanf(strain0, "%d%lf%lf%lf", &np, &plat, &plon, &prat) != 4) {
printf("Error: format error in spline_fit.dat\n");
exit(1);
}
fprintf(strain1, "%10d %10.3f %10.3f %12.6e\n", np, plat, plon, prat);
}
fscanf(strain0, "%d", &nrect);
fprintf(strain1, "%10d\n", nrect);
close(strain0);
for(i = 0; i < nrect; i += MAXB) {
nb = i;
printf("Working on regions %d to %d ...\n", i, i+MAXB);
fill_regionf(b, &nb);
read_clip_faults(faults, f, b, nb);
}
return 0;
}
int read_clip_faults(FILE *inf, struct fault *f, struct regionf *b, int nb) {
int i, j, k, l, ib, jj, kk, ii, n, nf;
double x, y, dx, dy, d, mt[3][3], c, theta;
double sd, md, strainrate[9];
double clip_seg = 0.05;
struct mom m1;
struct mom m0;
struct merr m2;
struct fault f0;
Point p[100], p0;
i=0;
fseek(inf, 0, SEEK_SET);
while( (k = fscanf(inf, "%d%lf%lf%lf%lf%lf%s",
&n, &(f[i].rake), &(f[i].dip), &(f[i].ratemin),
&(f[i].rate), &(f[i].ratemax), f[i].name)) == 7) {
printf("Fault no. %d, %s\n", i, f[i].name);
f[i].rate = f[i].rate;
f[i].ratemin = f[i].ratemin;
f[i].ratemax = f[i].ratemax;
f[i].n = 0;
for(j=0; j<n; j++) {
if( (l = fscanf(inf, "%lf%lf", &(p[j].y), &(p[j].x))) != 2) {
printf("Error at fault %s, line %d in fault.in\n", f[i].name, j);
exit(1);
}
}
jj=0;
for(j=0; j<n-1; j++) {
k = 0;
while( k < nb && (l = enclose(b[k].p, 33, p[j])) == 0)
...
根据 Mike Kinghan 的评论，我添加了
#ifndef GEN_H
#define GEN_H
和
#endif
分别在gen.h文件的头部和尾部。但效果不佳，这里是错误：
/tmp/ccteT25z.o: In function `read_clip_faults':
strain_from_faults_new.c:(.text+0x6a4): undefined reference to `enclose'
strain_from_faults_new.c:(.text+0x7c5): undefined reference to `enclose'
strain_from_faults_new.c:(.text+0xa14): undefined reference to `enclose'
strain_from_faults_new.c:(.text+0xa7b): undefined reference to `dsign'
strain_from_faults_new.c:(.text+0xaae): undefined reference to `dsign'
strain_from_faults_new.c:(.text+0xad9): undefined reference to `dsign'
strain_from_faults_new.c:(.text+0xb5a): undefined reference to `dsign'
...
您需要 #include "gen.h" 在 eqf.h
您需要在eqf.h中添加#include "gen.h"并使用以下命令编译您的程序：
gcc -o gen.h eqf.h strain_from_faults_new strain_from_faults_new.c;
编译器会根据您的文件输入顺序编译您的程序文件。
如果你读到这篇文章：
In file included from eqf.h:12:0,
from strain_from_faults_new.c:6:
gen.h:11:8: error: redefinition of ‘struct point’
struct point {
^
In file included from strain_from_faults_new.c:5:0:
gen.h:11:8: note: originally defined here
struct point {
^
它告诉你 struct point 在同一个翻译中被定义了两次
单位，strain_from_faults_new.c，这是一个错误。
您在第 11 行的 gen.h 中定义了 struct point。
您在 strain_from_faults_new.c
gen.h
您还在 eqf.h 的第 12 行包含了 gen.h。
最后你在 strain_from_faults_new.c 的第 6 行包含了 eqf.h，
从而再次包含 struct point 的定义。
为避免此类问题，请在您编写的每个 header 中使用 header guards a.k.a include guards， 例如
gen.h
#ifndef GEN_H
#define GEN_H
struct point {
double x;
double y;
};
typedef struct point Point;
#endif
这使得在翻译单元中多次包含 header 是无害的。
并且，不要在编译器命令行中传递 header 文件：
gcc -o strain_from_faults_new strain_from_faults_new.c gen.h eqf.h
^^^^^ ^^^^^
A header 文件通过在 .c 文件中被 #include 编译，这
将其复制到翻译单元中。