在 Python C 扩展中创建 PyList_New 时出现段错误

Segment fault when creating PyList_New in Python C extention

parser.cpp:

#include <python3.4/Python.h>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
extern "C"
{
    PyObject* test(const char* filename)
    {
        size_t LIM = 1000;
        PyObject* result = PyList_New(LIM);
        for (size_t i = 0; i < LIM; i++) {
            PyObject * t = PyList_New(0);
            PyList_Append(t, PyLong_FromLong(1));
            cout << i << "/" << PyList_Size(result) << " " << t << endl;
            if (PyList_SetItem(result, i, t) != 0) {
                cout << "!" << endl;
            }
        }
        Py_INCREF(result);
        return result;
    }
}

编译者:

g++ -O2 -fPIC -std=c++11 -shared -o parser_c.so parser_c.cpp -lpython3.4m

test.py:

import ctypes
import datetime
p = ctypes.CDLL('./parser_c.so')
p.test.restype = ctypes.py_object
print(p.test("asd"))

执行 python3 test.py 因分段错误而终止,调试输出得到的最后一行是

381/1000 0x7f0996bb5a88

此外,如果我不在 test.py 中导入日期时间或在 parser.cpp 中减少 LIM,它可以正常工作。

我不明白为什么会这样。

有人可以帮助我吗?

问题是 ctypes 释放了全局解释器锁,因此对 Python api 函数的调用未定义

From the documentation:

The Python global interpreter lock is released before calling any function exported by these libraries, and reacquired afterwards.

函数开始时需要重新获取,结束时重新释放:

PyObject* test(const char* filename)
{
    PyGILState_STATE gstate = PyGILState_Ensure();

    // The bulk of your code stays the same and goes here ...

    PyGILState_Release(gstate);

    return result;
}