如何在 python 包中设置路径

Question

我正在创建一个 package，首先我在本地安装它 python setup.py develop 我在调用程序时遇到问题

>>> import cstm.artefact as art
>>> art.what_is('Objname', 'en')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/home/guinsly/development/public/project/jeunesse/canadian_science_and_t
echnology_museum_api/cstm/artefact.py", line 56, in what_is
    valeur = open_file(keywords, lang)
  File "/home/guinsly/development/public/project/jeunesse/canadian_science_and_t
echnology_museum_api/cstm/artefact.py", line 24, in open_file
    book = xlrd.open_workbook(path)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/xlrd/__init__.py", line 394, in open_wo
rkbook
    f = open(filename, "rb")
IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/home/guinsly/cstm/data/data.xls'

所以我正在创建的包在这条路径上 /home/guinsly/development/public/project/jeunesse/canadian_science_and_technology_museum_api/cstm/

但是当我运行使用 bpython 控制台时，程序包会尝试打开 .xls 文件。

在我的包裹上我的测试没问题

-> % py.test -v
============================== test session starts ==============================
platform linux -- Python 3.4.0 -- py-1.4.26 -- pytest-2.6.4 -- /usr/bin/python3
plugins: quickcheck
collected 4 items 

test_artefact.py::TestArtefact::test_definition PASSED
test_artefact.py::TestArtefact::test_definition_fr PASSED
test_artefact.py::TestArtefact::test_definition_not_found PASSED
test_artefact.py::TestArtefact::test_definition_not_found_fr PASSED

=========================== 4 passed in 0.09 seconds ============================
guinsly@guinsly-ThinkPad-L430 [09:46:33] [~/development/public/project/jeunesse/canadian_science_and_technology_museum_api]

问题：如何在此函数上正确设置我的路径

def open_file(keywords, lang = 'en'):
    """
    Open and read an Excel file
    """
    directory = os.getcwd()
    path = directory+"/cstm/data/data.xls"

....

Answer 1

您使用的是相对于当前工作目录的路径，而不是相对于您的项目的路径。当前工作目录由用户设置（例如，基于他们在终端中的当前位置）。

使用模块的 __file__ 全局来确定模块位置：

import os

module_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))

并以相对于此的文件路径为基础：

path = os.path.join(module_path, "cstm/data/data.xls")

如何在 python 包中设置路径

how to setup a path within a python package

python

package