Tkinter 动画将不起作用

Question

我正在尝试显示我的 gif 图像中的动画。从我之前的，我发现 Tkinter 不会自动为图像制作动画。我的 Tk 界面显示图像的第一帧，当我点击按钮播放它的动画时，它什么也没做。这可能与与按钮关联的命令有关。这是代码：

from Tkinter import *
import Tkinter

root = Tk()

photo_path = "/users/zinedine/downloads/091.gif"
photo = PhotoImage(
    file = photo_path
    )

def run():
    frame = 1
    while True:
        try:
            photo = PhotoImage(
                file = photo_path,
                format = "gif - {}".format(frame)
                )
            frame = frame + 1

        except Exception: # This because I don't know what exception it would raise
            frame = 1
            break

picture = Label(image = photo)
picture.pack()
picture.configure(run())

animate = Button(
    root,
    text = "animate",
    command = run()
    )
animate.pack()

root.geometry("250x250+100+100")
root.mainloop()

Answer 1

您可以使用通用 Tk 小部件 after() 方法将函数安排到运行在以毫秒为单位的指定延迟后。这只会发生一次，因此通常函数本身也会调用 after() 来延续该过程。

在下面的代码中定义了一个自定义 AnimatedGif 容器 class，它将动画序列的所有帧单独加载并保存在一个列表中，允许使用 [= 快速（随机）访问它们14=] 索引语法。它使用 photo Tk manual page.

中提到的 -index indexvalue 图像格式子选项从文件中读取单个帧

我得到了 test image shown below from the Animation Library 网站。

这是它最初启动时的样子。

您应该能够使用相同的技术为多个图像或附加到其他类型小部件的图像制作动画，例如 Button 和 Canvas 实例。

try:
    from tkinter import *
except ImportError:
    from Tkinter import *  # Python 2


class AnimatedGif(object):
    """ Animated GIF Image Container. """
    def __init__(self, image_file_path):
        # Read in all the frames of a multi-frame gif image.
        self._frames = []

        frame_num = 0  # Number of next frame to read.
        while True:
            try:
                frame = PhotoImage(file=image_file_path,
                                   format="gif -index {}".format(frame_num))
            except TclError:
                break
            self._frames.append(frame)
            frame_num += 1

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self._frames)

    def __getitem__(self, frame_num):
        return self._frames[frame_num]


def update_label_image(label, ani_img, ms_delay, frame_num):
    global cancel_id
    label.configure(image=ani_img[frame_num])
    frame_num = (frame_num+1) % len(ani_img)
    cancel_id = root.after(
        ms_delay, update_label_image, label, ani_img, ms_delay, frame_num)

def enable_animation():
    global cancel_id
    if cancel_id is None:  # Animation not started?
        ms_delay = 1000 // len(ani_img)  # Show all frames in 1000 ms.
        cancel_id = root.after(
            ms_delay, update_label_image, animation, ani_img, ms_delay, 0)

def cancel_animation():
    global cancel_id
    if cancel_id is not None:  # Animation started?
        root.after_cancel(cancel_id)
        cancel_id = None


root = Tk()
root.title("Animation Demo")
root.geometry("250x125+100+100")
ani_img = AnimatedGif("small_globe.gif")
cancel_id = None

animation = Label(image=ani_img[0])  # Display first frame initially.
animation.pack()
Button(root, text="start animation", command=enable_animation).pack()
Button(root, text="stop animation", command=cancel_animation).pack()
Button(root, text="exit", command=root.quit).pack()

root.mainloop()

Answer 2

这是我的 . Although also based on the universal Tk widget after() 方法的替代版本，它使用 PIL（或它的枕叉）模块来读取 gif 图像文件。使用 PIL 不仅可以轻松地从文件中提取每一帧，还可以直接从 gif 文件中获取动画帧之间的延迟（或 "duration"）——这样就无需猜测它应该是什么对于不同的文件。

try:
    from tkinter import *
except ImportError:
    from Tkinter import *
from PIL import Image, ImageSequence, ImageTk


class AnimatedGif(object):
    """ Animated GIF Image Container. """
    def __init__(self, image_file_path):
        # Read in all the frames of a multi-frame gif image.
        self._frames = []
        img = Image.open(image_file_path)
        for frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(img):
            photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(frame)
            photo.delay = frame.info['duration'] * 10  # Add attribute.
            self._frames.append(photo)

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self._frames)

    def __getitem__(self, frame_num):
        return self._frames[frame_num]


def update_label_image(label, ani_img, frame_num):
    """ Change label image to given frame number of AnimatedGif. """
    global cancel_id
    frame = ani_img[frame_num]
    label.configure(image=frame)
    frame_num = (frame_num+1) % len(ani_img)  # Next frame number.
    cancel_id = root.after(frame.delay, update_label_image, label, ani_img, frame_num)

def enable_animation():
    """ Start animation of label image. """
    global cancel_id
    if cancel_id is None:  # Animation not started?
        cancel_id = root.after(ani_img[0].delay, update_label_image, animation, ani_img, 0)

def cancel_animation():
    """ Stop animation of label image. """
    global cancel_id
    if cancel_id is not None:  # Animation started?
        root.after_cancel(cancel_id)
        cancel_id = None


root = Tk()
root.title("Animation Demo")
root.geometry("250x125+100+100")
ani_img = AnimatedGif("small_globe.gif")
cancel_id = None

animation = Label(image=ani_img[0])  # Display first frame initially.
animation.pack()
Button(root, text="start animation", command=enable_animation).pack()
Button(root, text="stop animation", command=cancel_animation).pack()
Button(root, text="exit", command=root.quit).pack()

root.mainloop()

Tkinter 动画将不起作用

Tkinter animation will not work

python

animation

tkinter

gif