如何link lapack 与CMake 和Visual 2013？

Question

摘要： 我使用 lapack 创建了一个简单的 c++ 示例。由于 link 错误，我无法使用 CMake 和 Visual Studio 2013 编译它。

配置： Windows 7 64位，Visual Studio 12 2013 Win64，编译器intel64，CMake 3.1.0，Lapack 3.5.0.

Lapack 安装： 我用 CMake 构建了 lapack 3.5.0，使用了来自 intel 的编译器。我激活了除 BUILD_SHARED_LIBS 之外的所有 BUILD_* 选项。我在发布模式下使用 Visual Studio 构建。我的安装目录下有两个lib文件：blas.lib和lapack.lib.

C++ 示例： 我使用函数 ilaver 创建了以下简单的 C++ 示例（给出了 lapack 的版本）。

#include <iostream>
extern "C" { void ilaver_(int* major, int* minor, int* patch); }
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
  int major = 0; int minor = 0; int patch = 0;
  ilaver_(&major, &minor, &patch);
  std::cout << major << "." << minor << "." << patch << std::endl;
  return 0;
}

CMakeLists.txt : 我还创建了关联的 CMakeLists 文件 :

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION "2.8.9")
project(linklapack)
enable_language(C)
enable_language(CXX)
enable_language(Fortran)
set(LAPACK_LIBDIRS "C:/softs/lapack/3.5.0/64/lib")
set(LAPACK_LIBRARIES lapack)
link_directories(${LAPACK_LIBDIRS})
add_executable(GetLapackVersion ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/GetLapackVersion.cpp)
target_link_libraries(GetLapackVersion ${LAPACK_LIBRARIES})
install(TARGETS GetLapackVersion DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX})

在 Linux : 下有效。（当然是通过改变lib的路径）

Under Windows : 我用相同的编译器和相同的 Visual Studio 配置启动了 CMake。我为 Visual Studio 加载了生成的解决方案，并构建了 "GetLapackVersion" 目标。然后我得到以下 link 错误：

2>GetLapackVersion.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol ilaver_ referenced in function main
2>C:\Users\caduchon\Documents\Christophe\linklapack\BUILD\Release\GetLapackVersion.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 1 unresolved externals

编辑： Visual Studio 中针对目标的 link 命令如下：

/OUT:"C:\Users\caduchon\Documents\Christophe\linklapack\BUILD\Release\GetLapackVersion.exe" /MANIFEST /NXCOMPAT /PDB:"C:/Users/caduchon/Documents/Christophe/linklapack/BUILD/Release/GetLapackVersion.pdb" /DYNAMICBASE "kernel32.lib" "user32.lib" "gdi32.lib" "winspool.lib" "shell32.lib" "ole32.lib" "oleaut32.lib" "uuid.lib" "comdlg32.lib" "advapi32.lib" "lapack.lib" /IMPLIB:"C:/Users/caduchon/Documents/Christophe/linklapack/BUILD/Release/GetLapackVersion.lib" /MACHINE:X64 /INCREMENTAL:NO /PGD:"C:\Users\caduchon\Documents\Christophe\linklapack\BUILD\Release\GetLapackVersion.pgd" /SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE /MANIFESTUAC:"level='asInvoker' uiAccess='false'" /ManifestFile:"GetLapackVersion.dir\Release\GetLapackVersion.exe.intermediate.manifest" /ERRORREPORT:PROMPT /NOLOGO /LIBPATH:"C:/softs/lapack/3.5.0/64/lib" /LIBPATH:"C:/softs/lapack/3.5.0/64/lib/Release" /TLBID:1

我不知道如何解决这个问题...在此先感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

回答我自己的问题。

正如 rubenvb 所预料的那样，符号没有按预期出现在库中。该问题记录为 "Fortran Name Mangling"。为了使用 CMake 检测库的配置，我修改了我的测试示例如下：

#include <iostream>
#if defined LapackNameManglingUpper
#define ilaver ILAVER
#elif defined LapackNameManglingLower
#define ilaver ilaver
#elif defined LapackNameManglingUBack
#define ilaver ilaver_
#elif defined LapackNameMangling2UBack
#define ilaver ilaver__
#elif defined LapackNameManglingUFront
#define ilaver _ilaver
#endif
extern "C" { void ilaver(int* major, int* minor, int* patch); }
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
  int major = 0; int minor = 0; int patch = 0;
  ilaver(&major, &minor, &patch);
  std::cout << major << "." << minor << "." << patch << std::endl;
  return 0;
}

然后，我可以通过尝试使用附加参数编译代码来检测 CMake 的良好配置 -DLapackNameManglingConfig :

set(NAME_MANGLING_OPTIONS
  "NameManglingUpper"
  "NameManglingLower"
  "NameManglingUBack"
  "NameMangling2UBack"
  "NameManglingUFront")
set(LAPACK_NAME_MANGLING "")
foreach(NAME_MANGLING_OPTION IN LISTS NAME_MANGLING_OPTIONS)
  set(LAPACK_NAME_MANGLING "${NAME_MANGLING_OPTION}")
  set(TRY_MANGLING_LIBRARY_DIRS ${Lapack_LIBRARY_DIRS} ${Compiler_LIBRARY_DIRS})
  set(TRY_MANGLING_LIBRARIES ${Lapack_LIBRARIES} ${Fortran_LIBRARIES})
  try_compile(TRY_MANGLING_OPTION ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/tmpLapack ${CMAKE_MODULES_DIR}/GetLapackVersion.cpp
              CMAKE_FLAGS "-DLINK_DIRECTORIES=${TRY_MANGLING_LIBRARY_DIRS}" "-DLINK_LIBRARIES=${TRY_MANGLING_LIBRARIES}"
              COMPILE_DEFINITIONS "-DLapack${NAME_MANGLING_OPTION}")
  if(TRY_MANGLING_OPTION)
    set(LAPACK_NAME_MANGLING "Lapack${NAME_MANGLING_OPTION}")
    break()
  endif()
endforeach()
if(LAPACK_NAME_MANGLING STREQUAL "")
  message(SEND_ERROR "Impossible to detect Fortran name mangling...")
else()
  message(STATUS "Lapack: detected Fortran name mangling: ${LAPACK_NAME_MANGLING}")
  add_definitions("-D${LAPACK_NAME_MANGLING}")
endif()

如何link lapack 与CMake 和Visual 2013？

How to link lapack with CMake and Visual 2013?

c++

linker

cmake

intel

lapack