Oracle DB，在插入期间验证 xml

Question

我试图在将文档 XML 插入到 ORACLE 数据库中的 table 中时对其进行验证。我在我的 table 中定义了一个 XML 模式和一个 XMLTYPE，但数据库允许我插入错误的 xml.

我的架构：

BEGIN
dbms_xmlschema.registerschema(
  schemaurl => 'http://www.testXml.com/schema.xsd',
  schemadoc => xmltype('<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<xs:complexType name="Name_tp">
  <xs:simpleContent>
    <xs:extension base="xs:string">
      <xs:attribute name="Id" type="xs:positiveInteger"/>
    </xs:extension>
  </xs:simpleContent>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:complexType name="Category_tp">
  <xs:attribute name="NumPrize" type="xs:positiveInteger"/>
  <xs:attribute name="From" type="xs:integer"/>
  <xs:attribute name="To" type="xs:positiveInteger"/>
  <xs:attribute name="Type" type="xs:string"/>
  <xs:attribute name="Age" type="xs:positiveInteger"/>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:complexType name="Match_tp">
  <xs:attribute name="typeMatch" type="xs:string"/>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:complexType name="GolfCompetition_tp">
  <xs:sequence>
    <xs:element name="Name" type="Name_tp"/>
    <xs:element name="Date" type="xs:date"/>
    <xs:element name="Sponsor" type="xs:string"/>
    <xs:element name="Category" maxOccurs="unbounded" type="Category_tp"/>
    <xs:element name="Reserved" type="Match_tp" minOccurs="0"/>
  </xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
    <xs:element name="GolfCompetition" type="GolfCompetition_tp"/>
</xs:schema>'),
local => true,
gentypes => false,
gentables => false
);
END;

我的数据库模式：

CREATE TYPE t_gara AS OBJECT (
  id INTEGER,
  informazioni XMLTYPE
);

CREATE TABLE gara OF t_gara () XMLType COLUMN informazioni
XMLSCHEMA "http://www.testXml.com/schema.xsd"
ELEMENT "GolfCompetition";

当我尝试插入这一行时没有问题:

INSERT INTO GARA VALUES(1, XMLType('<GolfCompetition>
<Name Id="324">Coppa del Presidente</Name>
<Date>2009-12-25</Date>
<Sponsor>Lavazza S.p.A</Sponsor>
<Category NumPrize="3" From="0" To="12" Type="First"/>
<Category NumPrize="3" From="13" To="24" Type="Second"/>
<Category NumPrize="2" From="25" To="36" Type="Third"/>
<Category NumPrize="1" Type="Lady"/>
<Category NumPrize="1" Type="Over" Age="40"/>
</GolfCompetition>'));

但这适用于：

INSERT INTO GARA VALUES(2, XMLType('<GolfCompetition>
<Category NumPrize="3" From="0" To="12" Type="First"/>
<Category NumPrize="3" From="13" To="24" Type="Second"/>
<Category NumPrize="2" From="25" To="36" Type="Third"/>
<Category NumPrize="1" Type="Lady"/>
<Category NumPrize="1" Type="Over" Age="40"/>
</GolfCompetition>'));

我该如何解决？

Answer 1

自动架构验证需要以二进制格式而非对象关系格式存储 XML。

来自XML Developer's Guide：

For XMLType data that is stored object-relationally, full validation requires building a DOM, which can be costly in terms of memory management. For this reason, Oracle XML DB does not automatically perform full validation when you insert or update data that is stored object-relationally.

重新注册架构，添加此参数：

...
options => dbms_xmlschema.REGISTER_BINARYXML
...

像这样创建 table：

create table gara
(
    id number,
    informazioni xmltype
) xmltype informazioni
    store as binary xml
    XMLSCHEMA "http://www.testXml.com/schema.xsd"
    ELEMENT "GolfCompetition";

现在第一个插入可以工作，但第二个将失败并出现此错误：

ORA-64464: XML event error
ORA-19202: Error occurred in XML processing
LSX-00213: only 0 occurrences of particle "Name", minimum is 1

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