如何 运行 JUnit SpringJUnit4ClassRunner 参数化?
How to run JUnit SpringJUnit4ClassRunner with Parametrized?
由于 @RunWith
注释重复,以下代码无效:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = {ApplicationConfigTest.class})
public class ServiceTest {
}
但是如何结合使用这两个注释?
至少有 2 个选项可以做到这一点:
-
您的测试需要如下所示:
@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {ApplicationConfigTest.class})
public class ServiceTest {
private TestContextManager testContextManager;
@Before
public void setUpContext() throws Exception {
//this is where the magic happens, we actually do "by hand" what the spring runner would do for us,
// read the JavaDoc for the class bellow to know exactly what it does, the method names are quite accurate though
this.testContextManager = new TestContextManager(getClass());
this.testContextManager.prepareTestInstance(this);
}
...
}
有一个 github 项目 https://github.com/mmichaelis/spring-aware-rule,它建立在以前的博客上,但以通用方式添加了支持
@SuppressWarnings("InstanceMethodNamingConvention")
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {ServiceTest.class})
public class SpringAwareTest {
@ClassRule
public static final SpringAware SPRING_AWARE = SpringAware.forClass(SpringAwareTest.class);
@Rule
public TestRule springAwareMethod = SPRING_AWARE.forInstance(this);
@Rule
public TestName testName = new TestName();
...
}
所以你可以有一个基本的 class 实现其中一种方法,所有测试都继承自它。
您可以使用 SpringClassRule 和 SpringMethodRule - Spring
提供
import org.junit.ClassRule;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.rules.SpringClassRule;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.rules.SpringMethodRule;
@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
@ContextConfiguration(...)
public class MyTest {
@ClassRule
public static final SpringClassRule SPRING_CLASS_RULE = new SpringClassRule();
@Rule
public final SpringMethodRule springMethodRule = new SpringMethodRule();
...
JUnit 4.12 有另一个解决方案,不需要 Spring 4.2+。
JUnit 4.12 引入了 ParametersRunnerFactory,它允许结合参数化测试和 Spring 注入。
public class SpringParametersRunnerFactory implements ParametersRunnerFactory {
@Override
public Runner createRunnerForTestWithParameters(TestWithParameters test) throws InitializationError {
final BlockJUnit4ClassRunnerWithParameters runnerWithParameters = new BlockJUnit4ClassRunnerWithParameters(test);
return new SpringJUnit4ClassRunner(test.getTestClass().getJavaClass()) {
@Override
protected Object createTest() throws Exception {
final Object testInstance = runnerWithParameters.createTest();
getTestContextManager().prepareTestInstance(testInstance);
return testInstance;
}
};
}
}
可以将工厂添加到测试 class 以提供完整的 Spring 支持,例如 test transaction, reinit dirty context and servlet test。
@UseParametersRunnerFactory(SpringParametersRunnerFactory.class)
@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"/test-context.xml", "/mvc-context.xml"})
@WebAppConfiguration
@Transactional
@TransactionConfiguration
public class MyTransactionalTest {
@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext context;
...
}
如果您需要 Spring 上下文 @Parameters static method to provide parameters to test instances, please see my answer here How can I use the Parameterized JUnit test runner with a field that's injected using Spring?。
自己处理应用上下文
对我有用的是进行 @RunWith(Parameterized.class)
测试 class 来管理应用程序上下文 "by hand"。
为此,我创建了一个应用程序上下文,其中包含与 @ContextConfiguration
中相同的字符串集合。所以不用
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:spring-config-file1.xml",
"classpath:spring-config-file2.xml" })
我有
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] {
"classpath:spring-config-file1.xml", "classpath:spring-config-file2.xml" });
对于我需要的每个@Autowired,我都从创建的上下文中手动获取它:
SomeClass someBean = ctx.getBean("someClassAutowiredBean", SomeClass.class);
不要忘记在最后关闭上下文:
((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext) ctx).close();
由于 @RunWith
注释重复,以下代码无效:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = {ApplicationConfigTest.class})
public class ServiceTest {
}
但是如何结合使用这两个注释?
至少有 2 个选项可以做到这一点:
-
您的测试需要如下所示:
@RunWith(Parameterized.class) @ContextConfiguration(classes = {ApplicationConfigTest.class}) public class ServiceTest { private TestContextManager testContextManager; @Before public void setUpContext() throws Exception { //this is where the magic happens, we actually do "by hand" what the spring runner would do for us, // read the JavaDoc for the class bellow to know exactly what it does, the method names are quite accurate though this.testContextManager = new TestContextManager(getClass()); this.testContextManager.prepareTestInstance(this); } ... }
有一个 github 项目 https://github.com/mmichaelis/spring-aware-rule,它建立在以前的博客上,但以通用方式添加了支持
@SuppressWarnings("InstanceMethodNamingConvention") @ContextConfiguration(classes = {ServiceTest.class}) public class SpringAwareTest { @ClassRule public static final SpringAware SPRING_AWARE = SpringAware.forClass(SpringAwareTest.class); @Rule public TestRule springAwareMethod = SPRING_AWARE.forInstance(this); @Rule public TestName testName = new TestName(); ... }
所以你可以有一个基本的 class 实现其中一种方法,所有测试都继承自它。
您可以使用 SpringClassRule 和 SpringMethodRule - Spring
提供import org.junit.ClassRule;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.rules.SpringClassRule;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.rules.SpringMethodRule;
@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
@ContextConfiguration(...)
public class MyTest {
@ClassRule
public static final SpringClassRule SPRING_CLASS_RULE = new SpringClassRule();
@Rule
public final SpringMethodRule springMethodRule = new SpringMethodRule();
...
JUnit 4.12 有另一个解决方案,不需要 Spring 4.2+。
JUnit 4.12 引入了 ParametersRunnerFactory,它允许结合参数化测试和 Spring 注入。
public class SpringParametersRunnerFactory implements ParametersRunnerFactory {
@Override
public Runner createRunnerForTestWithParameters(TestWithParameters test) throws InitializationError {
final BlockJUnit4ClassRunnerWithParameters runnerWithParameters = new BlockJUnit4ClassRunnerWithParameters(test);
return new SpringJUnit4ClassRunner(test.getTestClass().getJavaClass()) {
@Override
protected Object createTest() throws Exception {
final Object testInstance = runnerWithParameters.createTest();
getTestContextManager().prepareTestInstance(testInstance);
return testInstance;
}
};
}
}
可以将工厂添加到测试 class 以提供完整的 Spring 支持,例如 test transaction, reinit dirty context and servlet test。
@UseParametersRunnerFactory(SpringParametersRunnerFactory.class)
@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"/test-context.xml", "/mvc-context.xml"})
@WebAppConfiguration
@Transactional
@TransactionConfiguration
public class MyTransactionalTest {
@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext context;
...
}
如果您需要 Spring 上下文 @Parameters static method to provide parameters to test instances, please see my answer here How can I use the Parameterized JUnit test runner with a field that's injected using Spring?。
自己处理应用上下文
对我有用的是进行 @RunWith(Parameterized.class)
测试 class 来管理应用程序上下文 "by hand"。
为此,我创建了一个应用程序上下文,其中包含与 @ContextConfiguration
中相同的字符串集合。所以不用
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:spring-config-file1.xml",
"classpath:spring-config-file2.xml" })
我有
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] {
"classpath:spring-config-file1.xml", "classpath:spring-config-file2.xml" });
对于我需要的每个@Autowired,我都从创建的上下文中手动获取它:
SomeClass someBean = ctx.getBean("someClassAutowiredBean", SomeClass.class);
不要忘记在最后关闭上下文:
((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext) ctx).close();