在 Python 2 上使用 Django 中的 __str__() 方法

Using __str__() method in Django on Python 2

我正在使用 Django project tutorial 学习 Django。 由于我使用 python 2.7,因此我无法在 python 2.7 中实现以下内容:

from django.db import models

class Question(models.Model):
# ...
    def __str__(self):              # __unicode__ on Python 2
        return self.question_text

class Choice(models.Model):
# ...
    def __str__(self):              # __unicode__ on Python 2
        return self.choice_text

是的,您只需将 __str__ 替换为 __unicode__,如评论所述:

class Question(models.Model):
# ...
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.question_text

class Choice(models.Model):
# ...
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.choice_text

在该部分的下方,您会找到一些解释:

__str__ or __unicode__?

On Python 3, it’s easy, just use __str__().

On Python 2, you should define __unicode__() methods returning unicode values instead. Django models have a default __str__() method that calls __unicode__() and converts the result to a UTF-8 bytestring. This means that unicode(p) will return a Unicode string, and str(p) will return a bytestring, with characters encoded as UTF-8. Python does the opposite: object has a __unicode__ method that calls __str__ and interprets the result as an ASCII bytestring. This difference can create confusion.

question_textchoice_text 属性 return Unicode 值已经存在。

为了保持py2和py3的代码兼容,更好的方法是使用装饰器python_2_unicode_compatible。 这样你就可以保留 str 方法:

from django.db import models
from django.utils.encoding import python_2_unicode_compatible

@python_2_unicode_compatible
class Question(models.Model):
# ...
    def __str__(self):              # __unicode__ on Python 2
        return self.question_text

@python_2_unicode_compatible
class Choice(models.Model):
# ...
    def __str__(self):              # __unicode__ on Python 2
        return self.choice_text

参考:https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/topics/python3/#str-and-unicode-methods

Django provides a simple way to define str() and unicode() methods that work on Python 2 and 3: you must define a str() method returning text and to apply the python_2_unicode_compatible() decorator.

...

This technique is the best match for Django’s porting philosophy.