使用 HTTParty 解析 HTTP header 'set-cookie'

Question

我正在使用 HTTParty 来发出 HTTP 请求和使用 REST API。现在我想通过 POST.

调用的登录页面设置 re-use cookie

class SomeImporter
  include HTTParty

  def self.login
    response = self.post('https://www.example.com/login', :query => {:user => 'myusername', :password => 'secret'})
    self.default_cookies.add_cookies(response.header['set-cookie'])
    self.get('https://www.example.com/protected')
  end
end

此代码未正确设置 cookie。如何正确解析HTTParty给出的'set-cookie' header并为下一次请求设置cookie？

Answer 1

通常 HTTP header 中的每个 Set-Cookie 都有一个条目。 HTTParty 将它们合并为一个字符串作为 comma-separated 列表。但是 HTTParty 在将它们添加回默认 cookie 时不会自行拆分它们。你必须自己解析它们。

可以用下面的方法解析'set-cookie'。将其添加到您的 class:

# Parse the 'set-cookie' string
# @param [String] all_cookies_string
# @return [Hash]
def self.parse_set_cookie(all_cookies_string)
  cookies = Hash.new

  if all_cookies_string.present?
    # single cookies are devided with comma
    all_cookies_string.split(',').each {
      # @type [String] cookie_string
        |single_cookie_string|
      # parts of single cookie are seperated by semicolon; first part is key and value of this cookie
      # @type [String]
      cookie_part_string  = single_cookie_string.strip.split(';')[0]
      # remove whitespaces at beginning and end in place and split at '='
      # @type [Array]
      cookie_part         = cookie_part_string.strip.split('=')
      # @type [String]
      key                 = cookie_part[0]
      # @type [String]
      value               = cookie_part[1]

      # add cookie to Hash
      cookies[key] = value
    }
  end

  cookies
end

可以通过调整此行将 cookie 添加到 HTTParty 以用于以下请求：

self.default_cookies.add_cookies(self.parse_set_cookie(response.header['set-cookie']))

在 self.parse_set_cookie 中，提取的 cookie 仅包含名称和值。您可以扩展它以获得更多详细信息，例如 Path、Domain 等。有关详细信息，请参阅 RFC 2109（4.2.2 Set-Cookie 语法）。

Answer 2

def cookies_to_hash(acookies)
    vs = acookies.split(',')
    ak = Array.new
    # Avoiding break in expiry date comma
    vs.each_cons(2) do |v, vn|
        unless(vn.include?("="))
            ak << "#{v}#{vn}"
        else
            ak << v if(v.include?("="))
        end
    end
    # Cookies as array of hashes
    all_cookies = []
    ak.each do |each_cookie|
        ecookie = []
        each_cookie.split(';').each do |cookie_attr|
            ecookie << cookie_attr.split("=")
        end
        all_cookies << Hash[ecookie]
    end
    all_cookies
end

上述方法将帮助您将 set-cookies 响应 headers 转换为有效的哈希数组。处理过期时附加逗号的问题。

Answer 3

感谢@dineshspabu，我能够按照他的模式添加一些修改来处理过期日期。希望对您有所帮助：

def cookies_to_hash(set_cookie)
  set_cookie = set_cookie.gsub(/Expires=[a-zA-Z]+,/) do |m|
    # replace , with #####
    m[0..-2] + "#####"
  end
  set_cookie = set_cookie.split(',')
  # Cookies as array of hashes
  all_cookies = []
  set_cookie.each do |each_cookie|
    ecookie = []
    each_cookie.strip.split(';').each do |cookie_attr|
      # replace ##### with , back
      ecookie << cookie_attr.split("=").map{|e| e.gsub(/#####/, ',') if e}
    end
    all_cookies << Hash[ecookie]
  end
  all_cookies
end

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