请求确定特定成员的数量类与乘数链接在一起

Question

我以 RDF/XML 格式制作了一个 ontology 的简化示例。它在问题的末尾。我使用 Protégé 5.0 beta。

解释我的请求的图片：

我总结一下：

二级 1 class : 过程, 产品
进程的三个子Class：process_1,process_2,process_3
每个流程都有许多自己的成员，这些成员通过属性 input 或 output[=45 链接到产品成员=]

process_n 的每个成员都有名为数量的数据属性。

如果你能在语法方面帮助我，那会很好，但主要是因为我需要帮助的推理。

Ontology (RDF/XML)

<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE rdf:RDF [ <!ENTITY owl "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#" > <!ENTITY xsd "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" > <!ENTITY rdfs "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" > <!ENTITY rdf "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" > <!ENTITY untitled-ontology-14 "http://www.semanticweb.org/francocy/ontologies/2015/1/untitled-ontology-14#" > ]> <rdf:RDF xmlns="http://www.semanticweb.org/francocy/ontologies/2015/1/untitled-ontology-14#" xml:base="http://www.semanticweb.org/francocy/ontologies/2015/1/untitled-ontology-14" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:untitled-ontology-14="http://www.semanticweb.org/francocy/ontologies/2015/1/untitled-ontology-14#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> <owl:Ontology rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/francocy/ontologies/2015/1/untitled-ontology-14"/> <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;input"/> <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;output"> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&owl;FunctionalProperty"/> </owl:ObjectProperty> <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;quantity"/> <owl:Class rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;process"/> <owl:Class rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;process_1"> <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;process"/> </owl:Class> <owl:Class rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;process_2"> <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;process"/> </owl:Class> <owl:Class rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;process_3"> <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;process"/> </owl:Class> <owl:Class rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;products"/> <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;input_1_of_process_1"> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;process_1"/> <quantity rdf:datatype="&xsd;integer">5</quantity> <input rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;product_2"/> </owl:NamedIndividual> <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;input_1_of_process_2"> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;process_2"/> <quantity rdf:datatype="&xsd;integer">3</quantity> <input rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;product_4"/> </owl:NamedIndividual> <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;input_1_of_process_3"> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;process_3"/> <quantity rdf:datatype="&xsd;integer">2</quantity> <input rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;product_2"/> </owl:NamedIndividual> <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;input_2_of_process_1"> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;process_1"/> <quantity rdf:datatype="&xsd;integer">2</quantity> <input rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;product_3"/> </owl:NamedIndividual> <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;input_2_of_process_2"> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;process_2"/> <quantity rdf:datatype="&xsd;integer">10</quantity> <input rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;product_5"/> </owl:NamedIndividual> <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;input_2_of_process_3"> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;process_3"/> <quantity rdf:datatype="&xsd;integer">3</quantity> <input rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;product_4"/> </owl:NamedIndividual> <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;output_1_of_process_1"> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;process_1"/> <quantity rdf:datatype="&xsd;integer">1</quantity> <output rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;product_1"/> </owl:NamedIndividual> <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;output_1_of_process_2"> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;process_2"/> <quantity rdf:datatype="&xsd;integer">1</quantity> <output rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;product_2"/> </owl:NamedIndividual> <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;output_1_of_process_3"> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;process_3"/> <quantity rdf:datatype="&xsd;integer">1</quantity> <output rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;product_3"/> </owl:NamedIndividual> <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;product_1"> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;products"/> </owl:NamedIndividual> <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;product_2"> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;products"/> </owl:NamedIndividual> <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;product_3"> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;products"/> </owl:NamedIndividual> <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;product_4"> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;products"/> </owl:NamedIndividual> <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="&untitled-ontology-14;product_5"> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&untitled-ontology-14;products"/> </owl:NamedIndividual> </rdf:RDF>

Answer 1

感谢您对 ontology 进行了如此多的清理和返工。但是，我仍然认为这不是捕捉您要表达的内容的好方法。例如，您的 ontology 包括，以 N3 表示法）：

untitled-ontology-14:input_2_of_process_1
        a                              owl:NamedIndividual , untitled-ontology-14:process_1 ;
        untitled-ontology-14:input     untitled-ontology-14:product_3 ;
        untitled-ontology-14:quantity  2 .

untitled-ontology-14:input_1_of_process_1
        a                              owl:NamedIndividual , untitled-ontology-14:process_1 ;
        untitled-ontology-14:input     untitled-ontology-14:product_2 ;
        untitled-ontology-14:quantity  5 .

untitled-ontology-14:output_1_of_process_1
        a                              owl:NamedIndividual , untitled-ontology-14:process_1 ;
        untitled-ontology-14:output    untitled-ontology-14:product_1 ;
        untitled-ontology-14:quantity  1 .

这是 classprocess_1 的三个实例。我认为这些是名为 process_1 的 class 的实例是没有意义的。

相反，我认为有一些不同的过程，它恰好有两个输入和一个输出。每个输入和输出都是一对数量和特定产品。

我会在 N3 或 RDF/XML 中用类似的东西来表示您的流程。（目前我打算使用纯 RDF；转换为 OWL 只是声明一些 classes 和属性的问题；毕竟这是关于 SPARQL 的问题，而 SPARQL 是一个RDF 查询语言.)

@prefix : <urn:ex:> .

:process1 a :Process ;
          :hasInput  [ a :Measure ; :quantity 2 ; :product :product3 ] ,
                     [ a :Measure ; :quantity 5 ; :product :product2 ] ;
          :hasOutput [ a :Measure ; :quantity 1 ; :product :product1 ] .

:process2 a :Process ;
          :hasInput  [ a :Measure ; :quantity  3 ; :product :product4 ] ,
                     [ a :Measure ; :quantity 10 ; :product :product5 ] ;
          :hasOutput [ a :Measure ; :quantity  1 ; :product :product2 ] .

:process3 a :Process ;
          :hasInput  [ a :Measure ; :quantity 2 ; :product :product2 ] ,
                     [ a :Measure ; :quantity 3 ; :product :product4 ] ;
          :hasOutput [ a :Measure ; :quantity 1 ; :product :product3 ] .

<rdf:RDF
    xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
    xmlns="urn:ex:">
  <Process rdf:about="urn:ex:process3">
    <hasInput>
      <Measure>
        <quantity rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer"
        >2</quantity>
        <product rdf:resource="urn:ex:product2"/>
      </Measure>
    </hasInput>
    <hasInput>
      <Measure>
        <quantity rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer"
        >3</quantity>
        <product rdf:resource="urn:ex:product4"/>
      </Measure>
    </hasInput>
    <hasOutput>
      <Measure>
        <quantity rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer"
        >1</quantity>
        <product rdf:resource="urn:ex:product3"/>
      </Measure>
    </hasOutput>
  </Process>
  <Process rdf:about="urn:ex:process2">
    <hasInput>
      <Measure>
        <quantity rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer"
        >3</quantity>
        <product rdf:resource="urn:ex:product4"/>
      </Measure>
    </hasInput>
    <hasInput>
      <Measure>
        <quantity rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer"
        >10</quantity>
        <product rdf:resource="urn:ex:product5"/>
      </Measure>
    </hasInput>
    <hasOutput>
      <Measure>
        <quantity rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer"
        >1</quantity>
        <product rdf:resource="urn:ex:product2"/>
      </Measure>
    </hasOutput>
  </Process>
  <Process rdf:about="urn:ex:process1">
    <hasInput>
      <Measure>
        <quantity rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer"
        >2</quantity>
        <product rdf:resource="urn:ex:product3"/>
      </Measure>
    </hasInput>
    <hasInput>
      <Measure>
        <quantity rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer"
        >5</quantity>
        <product rdf:resource="urn:ex:product2"/>
      </Measure>
    </hasInput>
    <hasOutput>
      <Measure>
        <quantity rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer"
        >1</quantity>
        <product rdf:resource="urn:ex:product1"/>
      </Measure>
    </hasOutput>
  </Process>
</rdf:RDF>

当然，这并没有解决问题，而且我不确定您是否可以使用 SPARQL 完成您想要的所有计算，尤其是当有多种方法时生产各种产品，但您至少可以开始编写这样的查询，这将帮助您弄清楚生产产品需要什么，以及哪些流程可以提供帮助：

prefix : <urn:ex:>

select * where {
 ?process :hasOutput [ :quantity ?q ; :product :product1 ] ;
          :hasInput [ :quantity ?inputq ; :product ?input ] .
 ?input ^:product/^:hasOutput ?subprocess          
}

---------------------------------------------------
| process   | q | inputq | input     | subprocess |
===================================================
| :process1 | 1 | 5      | :product2 | :process2  |
| :process1 | 1 | 2      | :product3 | :process3  |
---------------------------------------------------

请求确定特定成员的数量类与乘数链接在一起

Request to determine the quantity of a specific members in several classes linked together with a multiplier

rdf

sparql

owl

ontology

Ontology (RDF/XML)

请求确定特定成员的数量 类 与乘数链接在一起

Request to determine the quantity of a specific members in several classes linked together with a multiplier

rdf

sparql

owl

ontology

Ontology (RDF/XML)

请求确定特定成员的数量类与乘数链接在一起