Ada并发执行过程指针数组

Question

我正在尝试同时执行存储在数组中的所有过程，但没有成功。我可以按顺序执行它们：

with ada.text_io;   -- Tell compiler to use i/o library
use  ada.text_io;   -- Use library routines w/o fully qualified names

with Ada.Numerics.Float_Random; -- Use numerics for the random generation
use ada.Numerics.Float_Random;

procedure Main is

   type Callback_Procedure is access procedure; -- Type that contains a procedure pointer
   type arr is array (Natural range <>) of Callback_Procedure; -- Array starting from 0 toi infinite of procedure pointers
   seed : Generator; -- Seed for the generator

   -- Procedure that will execute "concurrently" the procedures passed in the array
   procedure EjecutarConcurrentemente(procs : in arr ) is
   begin

      for index in 0 .. procs'Last loop

         procs(index).all; -- .all dereferences the pointer so it is the procedure itself (the value pointed by the pointer)

      end loop;      

   end EjecutarConcurrentemente;

   function rndDelay return Duration is
      num : Duration;
   begin
      num := Duration(Random(seed));
      return num * Duration(10);
   end ;


   procedure test0 is
   begin
      delay rndDelay;
      put("test0");
      New_Line;
   end test0;

   procedure test1 is
   begin
      delay rndDelay;
      put("test1");
      New_Line;
   end test1;

   procedure test2 is
   begin
      delay rndDelay;
      put("test2");
      New_Line;
   end test2;

   procedure test3 is
   begin
      delay rndDelay;
      put("test3");
      New_Line;
   end test3;

   procedure test4 is
   begin
      delay rndDelay;
      put("test4");
      New_Line;
   end test4;

   procedure test5 is
   begin
      delay rndDelay;
      put("test5");
      New_Line;
   end test5;

   procs : arr(0..5);

begin

   Reset(seed);

   procs(0) := test0'Access;
   procs(1) := test1'Access;
   procs(2) := test2'Access;
   procs(3) := test3'Access;
   procs(4) := test4'Access;
   procs(5) := test5'Access;

   EjecutarConcurrentemente(procs);

end Main;

Main 过程主体用之前声明的 6 个过程填充一个数组，并使用该数组调用 EjecutarConcurrentemente，必须是这个新过程必须同时执行数组过程。

我被告知要使用 Task 功能，并且 testX 必须是不带参数的过程。

希望我解释得很好，而且我刚刚开始使用 Ada，所以代码很可能格式不正确。

谢谢。

Answer 1

谁告诉你使用任务并发执行谁给了你正确的答案。要同时运行所有六个过程，您需要六个任务（和六个 processors/processor 核心）。

Answer 2

这是完美运行的代码：

with ada.text_io;   -- Tell compiler to use i/o library
use  ada.text_io;   -- Use library routines w/o fully qualified names

with Ada.Numerics.Float_Random; -- Use numerics for the random generation
use ada.Numerics.Float_Random;

procedure Main is

   type Callback_Procedure is access procedure; -- Type that contains a procedure pointer
   type arr is array (Natural range <>) of Callback_Procedure; -- Array starting from 0 toi infinite of procedure pointers
   seed : Generator; -- Seed for the generator

   task type Ex (proc : Callback_Procedure);
   type A is access Ex;

   task body Ex is
   begin
      proc.all; --.all dereferences the pointer so it is the procedure itself (the value pointed by the pointer)
   end Ex;

   -- Procedure that will execute concurrently the procedures passed in the array
   procedure EjecutarConcurrentemente(procs : in arr ) is
      p : A;
   begin

      for index in 0 .. procs'Last loop

         p := new Ex(procs(index));

      end loop;      

   end EjecutarConcurrentemente;

   function rndDelay return Duration is
      num : Duration;
   begin
      num := Duration(Random(seed));
      return num * Duration(10);
   end ;


   procedure test0 is
   begin
      delay rndDelay;
      put("test0");
      New_Line;
   end test0;

   procedure test1 is
   begin
      delay rndDelay;
      put("test1");
      New_Line;
   end test1;

   procedure test2 is
   begin
      delay rndDelay;
      put("test2");
      New_Line;
   end test2;

   procedure test3 is
   begin
      delay rndDelay;
      put("test3");
      New_Line;
   end test3;

   procedure test4 is
   begin
      delay rndDelay;
      put("test4");
      New_Line;
   end test4;

   procedure test5 is
   begin
      delay rndDelay;
      put("test5");
      New_Line;
   end test5;

   procs : arr(0..5);

begin

   Reset(seed);

   procs(0) := test0'Access;
   procs(1) := test1'Access;
   procs(2) := test2'Access;
   procs(3) := test3'Access;
   procs(4) := test4'Access;
   procs(5) := test5'Access;

   EjecutarConcurrentemente(procs);

end Main;

我只是用一个过程指针作为参数创建一个任务，然后在数组循环中我做

new Ex(procs(index));

它会立即使用给定的过程启动一个新任务

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