NUnit 和测试 Xamarin PCL

Question

我正在开发便携式 class 库和 iOS 应用程序，其中数据访问基于 Paul Betts' ModernHttpClient, Fusillade, Refit and Akavache 库。这适用于 PCL 和 iOS 应用程序，但我在针对 PCL.

创建单元测试时遇到问题

如果我用Resharper test running within Visual Studio 2015 all my tests pass but if I run the NUnit tests in Xamarin Studio about half the tests fail with TypeLoadExceptions。我试图确定是哪个 dll 导致了我的问题，但据我所知，一切都应该如此。

PCLClass测试中

   internal class ApiService<TRefitService> : IApiService<TRefitService> where TRefitService : IServiceContract
    {
        private readonly Lazy<TRefitService> background;
        private readonly Lazy<TRefitService> userInitiated;
        private readonly Lazy<TRefitService> speculative;

        private ApiService(){}

        public ApiService(string baseUrl)
        {
            ParameterGuard.ThrowIfNullOrEmpty(baseUrl, nameof(baseUrl));

            Func<string, RateLimitedHttpMessageHandler, TRefitService> createClient = (address, handler) =>
            {
                HttpClient client = new HttpClient(handler) {BaseAddress = new Uri(address)};
                return RestService.For<TRefitService>(client);
            };

            background = new Lazy<TRefitService>(() => createClient(baseUrl, new RateLimitedHttpMessageHandler(new NativeMessageHandler(), Priority.Background)));
            speculative = new Lazy<TRefitService>(() => createClient(baseUrl, new RateLimitedHttpMessageHandler(new NativeMessageHandler(), Priority.Speculative)));
            userInitiated = new Lazy<TRefitService>(() => createClient(baseUrl, new RateLimitedHttpMessageHandler(new NativeMessageHandler(), Priority.UserInitiated)));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Use for network requests that are running in the background.
        /// </summary>
        public TRefitService Background => background.Value; 

        /// <summary>
        /// Use to fetch data into a cache when a page loads. Expect that these requests will only get so far then give up and start failing.
        /// </summary>
        public TRefitService Speculative => speculative.Value;

        /// <summary>
        /// Use for network requests that are fetching data that the user is waiting on *right now*.
        /// </summary>
        public TRefitService UserInitiated => userInitiated.Value;
    }

Xamarin Studio 测试失败

        [Test()]
        public void PassingInANullBaseUrlThrowsAnException()
        {
            Assert.Throws<ArgumentNullException>(() => new ApiService<IAuthorisationApi>(null));
        }

测试结果

Expected: But was: (Could not load type 'ApiService`1' from assembly '/Users/206474978/Desktop/test/test/test/bin/Debug/xxx.xxx.xxx.dll'.) at NUnit.Framework.Assert.Throws (IResolveConstraint expression, NUnit.Framework.TestDelegate code, System.String message, System.Object[] args) <0x377c1c8 + 0x000e6> in :0

at NUnit.Framework.Assert.That (System.Object actual, IResolveConstraint expression, System.String message, System.Object[] args) <0x377c888 + 0x000bf> in :0 at NUnit.Framework.Assert.Throws (IResolveConstraint expression, NUnit.Framework.TestDelegate code, System.String message, System.Object[] args) <0x377c1c8 + 0x00137> in :0
at NUnit.Framework.Assert.Throws (System.Type expectedExceptionType, NUnit.Framework.TestDelegate code, System.String message, System.Object[] args) <0x377bfc8 + 0x0004f> in :0
at NUnit.Framework.Assert.Throws[T] (NUnit.Framework.TestDelegate code, System.String message, System.Object[] args) <0x377bf58 + 0x00033> in :0 at NUnit.Framework.Assert.Throws[T] (NUnit.Framework.TestDelegate code) <0x377bf08 + 0x0003b> in :0 at test.Test+ApiServiceTest.PassingInANullBaseUrlThrowsAnException () [0x00001] in /Users/206474978/Desktop/test/test/test/Test.cs:37 at (wrapper managed-to-native) System.Reflection.MonoMethod:InternalInvoke (System.Reflection.MonoMethod,object,object[],System.Exception&) at System.Reflection.MonoMethod.Invoke (System.Object obj, BindingFlags invokeAttr, System.Reflection.Binder binder, System.Object[] parameters, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture) [0x00038] in /private/tmp/source-mono-4.2.3/bockbuild-mono-4.2.0-branch/profiles/mono-mac-xamarin/build-root/mono-4.2.3/mcs/class/corlib/System.Reflection/MonoMethod.cs:295

现在这通常不是问题，因为我只会使用整形器，但我正在 Jenkins 之上构建我们的持续集成管道，运行通过 Xamarin 库中的 nunit 包进行测试，结果在构建报告失败中。

知道这里的问题是什么吗？

更新

好的，按照 SushiHangover 的提示，我使用了最新版本的 NUnit 测试运行器并得到了以下输出。似乎错误是 TypeLoadException 或 BadImageFormatException 但我不确定为什么。我检查了两个项目的输出，都设置为 AnyCPU。

    [Test()]
public void PassingInAValidBaseAddressGivesAValidRefitUserInitiatedObject()
{
    var api = new ApiService<IAuthorisationApi>(BaseAddress);
    Assert.IsNotNull(api.UserInitiated);
}

    [Test()]
    public async Task PassingInAValidBaseAddressReturnsAValidAccountFromTheBackgroundObject()
    {
        //Arrange
        ApiService<IAuthorisationApi> service = = new ApiService<IAuthorisationApi>(BaseAddress);;
        //Act

        AuthorisationDto account = await service.Background.GetAuthorisationToken(logonPost, "ireland");
        //Assert
        Assert.IsTrue(account != null);
    }

Invalid type xxx.xxx.Core.Services.Lib.ApiService`1 for instance field xxx.xxx.Core.Tests.ApiServiceTest+c__async0:__0

7) Error : xxx.xxx.Core.Tests.ApiServiceTest.PassingInAValidBaseAddressGivesAValidRefitUserInitiatedObject
System.TypeLoadException : Failure has occurred while loading a type.
  at (wrapper managed-to-native) System.Reflection.MonoMethod:InternalInvoke (System.Reflection.MonoMethod,object,object[],System.Exception&)
  at System.Reflection.MonoMethod.Invoke (System.Object obj, BindingFlags invokeAttr, System.Reflection.Binder binder, System.Object[] parameters, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture) <0x3083b38 + 0x00093> in <filename unknown>:0 

8) Error : xxx.xxx.Core.Tests.ApiServiceTest.PassingInAValidBaseAddressReturnsAValidAccountFromTheBackgroundObject
System.BadImageFormatException : Could not resolve field token 0x040001ae
  at (wrapper managed-to-native) System.Reflection.MonoMethod:InternalInvoke (System.Reflection.MonoMethod,object,object[],System.Exception&)
  at System.Reflection.MonoMethod.Invoke (System.Object obj, BindingFlags invokeAttr, System.Reflection.Binder binder, System.Object[] parameters, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture) <0x3083b38 + 0x00093> in <filename unknown>:0

更新 2

另一个测试因以下堆栈跟踪而失败，这看起来像是单声道的问题？

System.TypeLoadException : Could not load type 'ApiService`1' from assembly '/Users/206474978/Documents/Development/Projects/BRSMemberApp/UnitTests/BrsGolf.Members.Core.Tests/bin/Debug/Brs.Members.Core.dll'.

at (wrapper managed-to-native) System.Reflection.MonoMethod:InternalInvoke (System.Reflection.MonoMethod,object,object[],System.Exception&) at System.Reflection.MonoMethod.Invoke (System.Object obj, BindingFlags invokeAttr, System.Reflection.Binder binder, System.Object[] parameters, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture) [0x00038] in /private/tmp/source-mono-4.2.3/bockbuild-mono-4.2.0-branch/profiles/mono-mac-xamarin/build-root/mono-4.2.3/mcs/class/corlib/System.Reflection/MonoMethod.cs:295

Answer 1

（这与我发布的旧 answer 有关）

安装的 Mono 框架包括相对较旧的 NUnit 版本（2.4.8 版）。该版本中有许多 issues/bugs，范围从不正确的异常捕获到 solution/project 解析问题。

我们为 OS-X 构建（包括 Jenkins CI）所做的是通过 nuget 安装最新的 NUnit 到我们的解决方案根目录，并将该安装用于本地测试构建工件。

类似于：

cd YourSolutionRootDir
nuget install nunit.runners
mono ./NUnit.ConsoleRunner.3.2.0/tools/nunit3-console.exe MyTestProject/bin/debug/except.dll

Answer 2

好的，

这是一个非常讨厌的人。该问题与 Mono 或 NUnit 都没有直接关系。尽管旧版本的 NUnit 导致了其他问题。

感谢@SushiHangover 给我的提示，让我开始解决这个问题。

最初我分解了单元测试以实例化 APIService class 的每个依赖项，这些依赖项最终在 iOS、PCL 上标记了 System.Net.Http dll 的问题和单元测试项目。似乎我正在实施的库之一引用了该库的 v1.5.0.0，导致项目版本不匹配，不正确的引用（.Net、PCL 等）加剧了这种情况。我通过在每个项目 app.config.

中包含一个特定的程序集绑定来解决这个问题

  <dependentAssembly>
    <assemblyIdentity name="System.Net.Http" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture="neutral" />
    <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.0.0.0" newVersion="4.0.0.0" />
  </dependentAssembly>

这解决了大约 80 个失败的单元测试，但仍然有大约 50 个失败。

进一步探索发现 PCL 和单元测试项目中的 Akavache 缓存库版本存在问题，该项目解决了另外 40 个单元测试。

最后，在单元测试项目中运行ning Telerik 的 JustMock 库出现了一个问题，在测试 PCL 时，部分库似乎不受支持。我解决了这个问题，将 JustMock 换成最小起订量并重构了一些测试。这解决了 Xamarin Studio 剩余的失败单元测试。

然后我运行在构建服务器上进行这些测试并获得 80 个通过测试和 87 个未通过运行。妈的

为了解决这个问题，我将 Xamarin v2.4.8 中的默认测试运行ner 换成了最新下载的测试，现在所有单元测试都在构建服务器上通过了。

长话短说 当您遇到此类问题时，请检查您的参考资料。

NUnit 和测试 Xamarin PCL

NUnit and testing a Xamarin PCL

c#

mono

unit-testing

xamarin.ios

xamarin