Haskell 不使用 odd 函数检查数字是否为奇数的函数

Haskell function checking if number is odd, without using the odd function

有人可以帮我吗?我正在尝试编写一个函数来检查 x 是否为奇数,而不使用 odd 函数。 像这样它不起作用,但我不知道为什么。

   ugerade :: Integral a => a -> Bool
   ugerade x
    |x elem oddList  = True
    |otherwise = False
    where
     oddList=[x | x<-[1,3..]]

错误

    Could not deduce (Num t0) arising from the literal ‘1’
from the context (Integral a)
  bound by the type signature for ugerade :: Integral a => a -> Bool
  at /Users/Mauritius/Desktop/Haskell/u02/2-2/funktionen.hs:24:11-33
The type variable ‘t0’ is ambiguous
Relevant bindings include
  oddList :: [t0]
    (bound at /Users/Mauritius/Desktop/Haskell/u02/2-2/funktionen.hs:29:4)
Note: there are several potential instances:
  instance Integral a => Num (GHC.Real.Ratio a)
    -- Defined in ‘GHC.Real’
  instance Num Integer -- Defined in ‘GHC.Num’
  instance Num Double -- Defined in ‘GHC.Float’
  ...plus three others
In the expression: 1
In the expression: [1, 3 .. ]
In a stmt of a list comprehension: x <- [1, 3 .. ]

问题出在行

x elem oddList

哪个应该说

elem x oddList

因为 elem 是一个函数 elem :: Eq a => a -> [a] -> Bool,或者

x `elem` oddList

您在何处使用反引号表示中缀函数应用程序。


请注意,您的函数没有按预期运行。对于奇数它最终会 return True (虽然对于大参数需要很长时间)但是对于偶数它永远不会 return,因为函数不能证明偶数是从未在列表中 oddList.

还要注意写作

oddList = [ x | x <- [1,3..] ]

是多余的,你可以写

oddList = [1,3..]

相反,还写作

f x | x `elem` oddList = True
    | otherwise        = False

是多余的,你可以写

f x = x `elem` oddList

甚至

f x = x `elem` [1,3..]

f = (`elem` [1,3..])